Current Affairs, 28 October 2026

Trigger

The talks follow an understanding between PM Modi and President Claudia Sheinbaum at the G7 Summit in Canada in June 2025.

Terms of Reference

The ToR set the framework, scope, modalities and roadmap for negotiations.

Negotiating areas

Areas include goods market access, rules of origin, customs procedures and trade facilitation, dispute settlement, SPS measures, technical barriers to trade and trade remedies.

Sectors of potential

Automotive, chemicals, electronics, pharmaceuticals, agri-food, energy, critical minerals, medical devices and advanced manufacturing.

Business mission

Both sides discussed a Mexican business mission to India in the first quarter of 2027.

PTA vs FTA

A PTA gives tariff preferences on a limited agreed list of goods; an FTA removes duties on substantially all trade.

Don’t confuse with PTA vs FTA vs CEPA: A PTA cuts duties on a limited list; an FTA covers substantially all trade; a CEPA adds services, investment and wider cooperation.

International bodies and relations: the largest group of news questions in Prelims (61 since 2013), often about background, members and location. In Mains, 27 news-triggered questions, mostly on India's interests.

1. 2014Mains GS2 · Q17Impact on India of agreements lowering IT product tariffs to zero
2. 2025Mains GS3 · Q2Challenges to Indian economy as the world shifts to bilateralism and protectionism
3. 2013Mains GS2 · Q20Policy constraints limiting India-Japan economic ties below their potential
4. 2017Prelims Q82Which country was BTIA negotiated with: EU, GCC, OECD, or SCO?

UPSC’s own questions that come close to this issue, from our Prelims and Mains banks.

Outlay and period

Total budgetary outlay is Rs.10,000 crore, running up to FY 2039-40.

Interest Subvention Assistance

Rs.859 crore gives 3% a year interest subvention on eligible term loans for greenfield units and brownfield expansion.

Operational Expenditure Assistance

Rs.8,891 crore, the largest component, supports containers made to global shipping standards and sold by eligible makers, bridging the cost gap.

Testing and certification

Rs.150 crore supports common facilities such as dynamic longitudinal impact testing.

Targeted capacity

Annual domestic capacity is to rise about ten-fold, up to 7.5 lakh TEUs.

Jobs

About 3,000 direct and over 50,000 indirect jobs are expected.

Don’t confuse with Greenfield vs brownfield: Greenfield means a new facility built from scratch; brownfield means expansion or upgrade of an existing one.

Don’t confuse with ISA vs OEA: ISA lowers the cost of capital loans; OEA pays assistance on containers made and sold to close the running-cost gap.

Schemes: 52 Prelims questions since 2013, 10 in Prelims 2026 alone. They test features, the period and who funds it. In Mains, 33 news-triggered questions, mostly GS3.

1. 2025Mains GS3 · Q12Rationale, achievements and improvements of the Production Linked Incentive scheme
2. 2023Mains GS3 · Q1Government policies to raise manufacturing share and MSMEs in GDP
3. 2025Mains GS3 · Q16Challenges to semiconductor manufacturing in India and India Semiconductor Mission features

UPSC’s own questions that come close to this issue, from our Prelims and Mains banks.

Duration

The scheme runs for 2026-27 to 2030-31, the same period as the Sixteenth Finance Commission cycle.

Outlay and sharing

Total outlay is Rs 7,395.55 crore: Centre Rs 4,869.48 crore and States Rs 2,526.07 crore.

Coverage

It covers all States and UTs, including traditional local bodies in non-Part IX areas where Panchayats do not exist.

Digital tools

Planning uses the eGramSwaraj portal, audits use AuditOnline, and outreach uses PANCHAM, an AI-enabled multilingual platform in 17 languages.

Implementation

States and UTs submit Annual Action Plans, which a Central Empowered Committee appraises and approves.

Staffing

No permanent posts are created; need-based contractual staff may be engaged at State, District and Block levels.

Don’t confuse with PM VGSY vs RGSA: The Rashtriya Gram Swaraj Abhiyan is an earlier Centrally Sponsored Scheme for Panchayat capacity building and governance; PM VGSY is the new scheme for 2026-27 to 2030-31.

Don’t confuse with eGramSwaraj vs AuditOnline: eGramSwaraj is the planning and accounting portal for Panchayats; AuditOnline is the application used for their online audits.

Schemes: 52 Prelims questions since 2013, 10 in Prelims 2026 alone. They test features, the period and who funds it. In Mains, 33 news-triggered questions, mostly GS3.

1. 2018Mains GS2 · Q15Importance of Panchayat system; non-government financing sources for panchayats
2. 2017Mains GS2 · Q1Critically examine whether local self-government is an effective governance instrument
3. 2020Mains GS2 · Q13Critical challenges to local institutions' functionality beyond functions, functionaries, funds
4. 2026Prelims Q74Revamped RGSA's implementation period, objective, and central funding share
5. 2011Prelims Q11Provisions of the 73rd Amendment: planning committees, election commissions, finance commissions
6. 2010Prelims Q144Which body recommends panchayat taxes and duties principles to Governor

UPSC’s own questions that come close to this issue, from our Prelims and Mains banks.

Electrolysis

Hydrogen forms at the cathode and oxygen at the anode of an electrolyser.

Hubs and certification

Kandla, V.O. Chidambaranar and Paradip ports are recognised as hubs. BEE accredits agencies for the Green Hydrogen Certification Scheme launched in April 2025.

ISTS waiver

Green hydrogen and green ammonia plants commissioned by 31 December 2030 get a 25-year ISTS charge waiver.

Don’t confuse with Green vs grey hydrogen: Green hydrogen comes from water electrolysis using renewable power. Conventional hydrogen from natural gas or other fossil fuels is high-emission.

Don’t confuse with SIGHT vs HVIC: SIGHT gives incentives for electrolyser manufacturing and production. HVICs and hubs are cluster projects bringing production and use together.

Science and technology: 57 Prelims questions since 2013; most test the concept behind the news, not the news itself. In Mains, 12 news-triggered questions.

1. 2026Prelims Q45Which statements on green hydrogen, electrolysis, and the mission's 50 MMT target are correct?
2. 2025Mains GS3 · Q6How can India achieve energy independence through clean technology by 2047, and biotechnology's role?
3. 2023Prelims Q60Which uses of green hydrogen (direct fuel, natural gas blending, fuel cells) are correct?

UPSC’s own questions that come close to this issue, from our Prelims and Mains banks.

SpaDeX docking

India became the fourth country to demonstrate space docking, after the US, Russia and China.

NISAR

NISAR is the first mission to use two radar frequencies together, NASA's L-band and ISRO's S-band.

Cryogenic stage

The indigenous cryogenic upper stage on GSLV uses liquid hydrogen as fuel and liquid oxygen as oxidiser. It replaced the Russian-supplied stage.

Don’t confuse with GTO vs GEO: GTO is an elliptical transfer orbit with apogee near 35,786 km. GEO is the circular orbit above the equator where a satellite appears stationary.

Don’t confuse with Scramjet vs rocket: A scramjet uses atmospheric oxygen and works only in the atmosphere at very high speed after a booster. A rocket carries its own oxidiser.

Science and technology: 57 Prelims questions since 2013; most test the concept behind the news, not the news itself. In Mains, 12 news-triggered questions.

1. 2019Mains GS3 · Q6India's plan for own space station and benefits to programme
2. 2015Mains GS3 · Q11Standard vs precision positioning; advantages of IRNSS's seven satellites
3. 2026Mains GS3 · Q15Features and imaging techniques of Mission Drishti satellite; why world-first
4. 2025Prelims Q83Which of Axiom-4, SpaDeX and Gaganyaan are space missions?
5. 2010Prelims Q110What is Bhuvan, an ISRO geoportal with 3D imaging capabilities?

UPSC’s own questions that come close to this issue, from our Prelims and Mains banks.

Outlay and period

Total outlay is Rs.1,856.67 crore for 2026 to 2033-34.

Manufacturing zones

Dedicated Sports Goods Manufacturing Zones will be set up, converging with BHAVYA and NICDC Industrial Parks.

Investment components

Anchor Investment Support and Turnover Linked Support have a combined outlay of Rs.1,130 crore.

Certification support

Rs.105 crore is set aside to help manufacturers obtain and renew International Sports Federation certifications.

Research link

R&D is to converge with the Anusandhan National Research Foundation, with Centres of Excellence in premier institutions.

Export link

Market development will leverage the Export Promotion Mission.

Don’t confuse with Khelo India Scheme vs this scheme: Khelo India promotes sports participation and infrastructure; this scheme supports manufacturing of sports goods.

Schemes: 52 Prelims questions since 2013, 10 in Prelims 2026 alone. They test features, the period and who funds it. In Mains, 33 news-triggered questions, mostly GS3.

1. 2019Mains GS1 · Q6Can regional resource-based manufacturing strategy promote employment in India?
2. 2025Mains GS3 · Q12Discuss rationale, achievements, and improvements of the PLI scheme
3. 2023Mains GS3 · Q1Comment on government policies boosting manufacturing share and MSMEs in GDP
4. 2023Prelims Q88Statements on India's export share and PLI scheme beneficiaries; identify correct explanation

UPSC’s own questions that come close to this issue, from our Prelims and Mains banks.

Release schedule

Quick Estimates come out on the 28th of every month, or the next working day if that is a holiday.

Sectors

IIP has four sectors: Mining & Quarrying, Manufacturing, Electricity & Gas Supply, and Water Supply, Sewerage & Waste Management. Manufacturing carries the largest weight, about 76%.

Use-based classification

Use-based groups are Primary, Capital, Intermediate and Infrastructure/Construction goods, plus Consumer durables and non-durables. Capital goods grew 10.4% in September 2026.

Revision

The Quick Estimate is revised later. The August 2026 indices were finally revised with the September release.

New base year

MoSPI has moved the All-India IIP base year from 2011-12 to 2022-23.

Base year meaning

The base year is the reference year against which later changes in production are measured.

Methodology changes

The revised series changes the item basket and weights, updates the factory panel, widens coverage to gas, water supply, sewerage and waste management, and allows factory substitution.

Who compiles State IIP

State Directorates of Economics and Statistics compile and release State-level IIP, while MoSPI gives technical guidance as the nodal ministry.

Link to growth estimates

IIP is an input in estimating overall economic growth.

Don’t confuse with IIP vs WPI: IIP measures the volume of industrial output (MoSPI). WPI measures wholesale price changes (Office of the Economic Adviser, DPIIT).

Don’t confuse with Quick Estimate vs final revision: The Quick Estimate comes in the first release and is revised later. The final revision comes with the release after next.

Don’t confuse with IIP vs Index of Eight Core Industries: The Eight Core Industries index covers only eight core sectors, which form a part of IIP. IIP covers mining, manufacturing and electricity at a wider level.

Economy terms and data: 42 Prelims questions since 2013, rising in recent years; they test what a term or instrument means. In Mains, 12 news-triggered questions.

1. 2021Mains GS3 · Q1Explain how India's GDP computation methodology changed after the 2015 base revision
2. 2017Mains GS3 · Q12Why industrial growth lagged overall GDP growth in post-reform period, and reform effects
3. 2012Prelims Q39Which items are among the Eight Core Industries that carry a combined weight in IIP
4. 2015Prelims Q8Which of the Eight Core Industries has the highest weight in the index

UPSC’s own questions that come close to this issue, from our Prelims and Mains banks.

Central team

The team has the NTCA Inspector General of Forests and two officers of the Wildlife Crime Control Bureau (WCCB).

State response

Madhya Pradesh formed a Special Task Force of forest and police officers; the central team will also review security protocols and protection measures.

Extinction and reintroduction

The cheetah was declared extinct in India in 1952; the first cheetahs came to Kuno in 2022 from Namibia, with more from South Africa later.

Location of death site

The cheetah was found outside the protected area, in territorial forests of Morena, showing animals stray beyond Kuno's boundary.

Population

India now has 60 cheetahs, of which 41 were born in India.

Mother

KJP21 is the third Indian-born female to give birth, after Mukhi and KGP12.

Botswana lineage

The cubs' father is a Botswanan male, so a new genetic lineage begins in India.

Location

Kuno National Park is in Madhya Pradesh.

Extinction

The cheetah was declared extinct in India in 1952. The species is Acinonyx jubatus.

Total population

India's cheetah population reached 53 after Jwala's litter.

Indian-born cubs

The number of Indian-born thriving cubs rose to 33. This was the 10th successful litter on Indian soil.

Botswana cheetahs

Nine cheetahs (6 females, 3 males) from Botswana were put in quarantine enclosures at Kuno on 28 February 2026 for acclimatisation and health monitoring.

Founder animals

Jwala is a Namibian cheetah, now a third-time mother. Gamini, from South Africa, recently had her second litter of four cubs.

New source country

Botswana is the new source of cheetahs, after Namibia and South Africa. Nine animals arrived: 6 females and 3 males.

Capture and transfer

The cheetahs were captured in the Ghanzi region of Botswana and held in quarantine at Mokolodi Nature Reserve before the transfer to India.

Transport to India

The Indian Air Force airlifted the animals from Gaborone to Gwalior. They then went by helicopter to Kuno.

Extinction in India

The cheetah was declared extinct in India in 1952.

Litter count

The new birth is the ninth successful cheetah litter on Indian soil.

Surviving Indian-born cubs

27 Indian-born cubs are alive.

Mother of the cubs

Gamini is a South African cheetah and a second-time mother.

First translocation

20 cheetahs from Namibia and South Africa came to India in 2022-23, described as the world's first inter-continental translocation of a large carnivore.

First release

PM Modi released the first eight cheetahs on 17 September 2022.

Don’t confuse with Territorial forest vs protected area: Territorial forest divisions are ordinary State forest areas, while a national park is a protected area with stronger legal protection.

Don’t confuse with Cheetah vs leopard: The cheetah has solid black spots and tear-line marks on the face and is built for speed. The leopard has rosettes and climbs trees. The cheetah cannot roar.

Don’t confuse with Asiatic vs African cheetah: The cheetah that once lived in India was the Asiatic cheetah, now surviving only in Iran. The animals brought to Kuno are African cheetahs from Namibia, South Africa and Botswana.

Don’t confuse with Project Cheetah vs Project Tiger: Both involve the National Tiger Conservation Authority's support, but Project Cheetah is a reintroduction of an extinct species, while Project Tiger protects existing tiger populations.

Don’t confuse with African cheetah vs Asiatic cheetah: The cheetahs brought to India are African cheetahs. The Asiatic cheetah survives only in Iran in small numbers.

Species and protected areas: 12 Prelims questions since 2013; they test legal status, location and the year of designation.

1. 2026Mains GS3 · Q8Aims of Kunming-Montreal biodiversity framework and India's commitments and initiatives to achieve them
2. 2018Mains GS3 · Q17How biodiversity varies in India and how the Biological Diversity Act helps conservation
3. 2024Prelims Q25Which statements on lions, cheetahs and leopards' breeding, roaring and scent marking are correct

UPSC’s own questions that come close to this issue, from our Prelims and Mains banks.

Who got the advisory

It was sent to nine Union Ministries, Chief Secretaries/Administrators and DGPs of all States and UTs.

Scope

The advisory covers ten broad areas for action, including health, legal aid, family contact and rehabilitation.

Follow-up

Authorities must send an Action Taken Report within two months.

Legal basis

The NHRC is a statutory body created by the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993.

Nature of powers

Its recommendations are not binding on the government.

State Commissions

State Human Rights Commissions work closer to the ground and can hear complaints in the local language.

Outreach

The NHRC reaches victims through open hearings and camp sittings, and has launched a mobile app and is digitising records.

Don’t confuse with NHRC vs State Human Rights Commission: The NHRC works at the national level. State Human Rights Commissions are set up by States under the same 1993 Act and deal mainly with State List subjects.

Don’t confuse with NHRC vs SHRC: The NHRC is the national body under the 1993 Act. State Human Rights Commissions are set up by States under the same Act and work within the State.

Don’t confuse with Statutory vs constitutional body: The NHRC is statutory, created by an Act of Parliament. Constitutional bodies such as the Election Commission derive their existence from the Constitution.

Laws, judgments and statutory bodies: 30 Prelims questions since 2013 (what the law says, who chairs, legal basis). In Mains, 44 news-triggered questions, most in GS2, asking for provisions and challenges.

1. 2014Mains GS2 · Q9Assess NHRC's role as complement to judiciary and accountability institutions.
2. 2021Mains GS2 · Q12Analyse limitations of Human Rights Commissions against powerful entities; suggest remedies.
3. 2018Mains GS2 · Q16Should commissions for vulnerable sections merge into an umbrella Human Rights Commission?
4. 2023Prelims Q35Counts how many of four listed bodies, including NHRC, are statutory.
5. 2020Prelims Q8Which constitutional parts reflect Universal Declaration of Human Rights principles besides Fundamental Rights

UPSC’s own questions that come close to this issue, from our Prelims and Mains banks.

Venue of this meeting

The ADMM-Plus meeting at which the ministers met was held in Cebu, Philippines, in October 2026.

Bilateral on the sidelines

India and the US reviewed the 10-year India-US Defence Framework and the Major Defence Partnership.

Terrorism stand

India called for zero tolerance towards states that support, train or fund terrorist groups. The US backed India against cross-border terrorism.

Membership

ADMM-Plus has the ten ASEAN states plus eight partners: Australia, China, India, Japan, New Zealand, Russia, South Korea and the US.

First meeting

The inaugural ADMM-Plus was held in Hanoi, Vietnam, on 12 October 2010.

Frequency

Since 2017, ADMM-Plus ministers have met every year.

India's role

India co-chairs the Experts Working Group on Counter-Terrorism with Malaysia for 2024-2027.

ADMM status

The ADMM is the highest defence consultative and cooperative mechanism in ASEAN.

Areas of cooperation

ADMM-Plus has seven EWG areas: maritime security, counter-terrorism, humanitarian assistance and disaster relief, peacekeeping, military medicine, humanitarian mine action and cyber security.

Co-chair duties

Co-chairs set objectives and guidelines at the start, hold at least two EWG meetings a year, and run an exercise for all members in the third year.

Launch

ADMM-Plus was launched in Hanoi, Vietnam, in 2010. Its first meeting was held there.

Don’t confuse with ADMM vs ADMM-Plus: ADMM has only the ten ASEAN members. ADMM-Plus adds the eight dialogue partners.

Don’t confuse with ADMM-Plus vs East Asia Summit: ADMM-Plus is a defence ministers' forum. The East Asia Summit is a leaders' summit on political, security and economic issues.

Don’t confuse with ADMM-Plus vs ASEAN Regional Forum: ARF is a wider foreign-ministry security dialogue; ADMM-Plus is a defence ministers' forum for practical cooperation.

Don’t confuse with ADMM-Plus vs ARF: ADMM-Plus is a defence-ministry forum for practical cooperation. The ASEAN Regional Forum is a wider foreign-policy security dialogue.

International bodies and relations: the largest group of news questions in Prelims (61 since 2013), often about background, members and location. In Mains, 27 news-triggered questions, mostly on India's interests.

1. 2021Mains GS2 · Q20Whether AUKUS will supersede existing Indo-Pacific partnerships; assess strength and impact.
2. 2020Mains GS2 · Q20Significance of Indo-US defence deals over Indo-Russian, for Indo-Pacific stability.
3. 2026Mains GS2 · Q9Critically assess IPMDA as bridge between SAGAR and Quad strategy.
4. 2005Prelims Q66Which listed country is not an ASEAN member?
5. 2006Prelims Q63Which listed country is not an ASEAN member?

UPSC’s own questions that come close to this issue, from our Prelims and Mains banks.

Link to KM-GBF

The guidelines support India's work on Target 3 (30x30) of the KM-GBF and National Biodiversity Target 3 of the updated NBSAP (2024-2030).

Who prepared them

MoEFCC prepared the guidelines with the National Biodiversity Authority (NBA). NBA takes applications and decides with MoEFCC.

Recognition status

I-OECM recognition does not make an area protected and does not change its ownership or legal status.

Reporting database

Recognised sites will be published on the World Database on Protected and Conserved Areas with UNEP-WCMC.

CBD protocols

The Cartagena Protocol (biosafety) and the Nagoya Protocol (access and benefit sharing) are the two protocols to the CBD.

Venue and host

COP-17 of the CBD is being held in Yerevan, Armenia. Armenia's Environment Minister, Hambardzum Matevosyan, is its President.

Cartagena Protocol report

India released its 5th National Report on the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety, which concerns reporting and biosafety governance.

Nagoya Protocol

The Nagoya Protocol is the basis for fair and equitable sharing of benefits from using genetic resources.

Indian ABS institution

India's National Biodiversity Authority (NBA), set up under the Biological Diversity Act, 2002, implements ABS in India. It partnered in organising the side event.

Kunming-Montreal Framework

The framework was adopted in December 2022 at COP-15 (Montreal). It includes the '30 by 30' target to protect 30% of land and sea by 2030.

India's national targets

India's updated National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan turns the Global Biodiversity Framework into 23 National Biodiversity Targets and 142 indicators.

Digital sequence information

India supports sharing benefits from digital sequence information on genetic resources through the multilateral mechanism, including the Cali Fund.

India's protected area figures

India reported 1,134 Protected Areas, 103 Ramsar sites, 57 Biodiversity Heritage Sites and 18 Biosphere Reserves, 13 of them in UNESCO's Man and the Biosphere Network.

Don’t confuse with OECM vs protected area: A protected area has legal protection status. An OECM is recognised for effective conservation outcomes but its legal status stays unchanged.

Don’t confuse with Cartagena vs Nagoya Protocol: Cartagena covers biosafety of living modified organisms. Nagoya covers access to genetic resources and fair sharing of benefits.

Don’t confuse with Cartagena Protocol vs Nagoya Protocol: Cartagena deals with biosafety, the safe handling of living modified organisms. Nagoya deals with access to genetic resources and fair sharing of benefits.

Don’t confuse with Protected areas vs OECMs: Protected areas are formally designated for conservation. OECMs are other areas that deliver conservation outcomes through their management, even if conservation is not their main aim.

Don’t confuse with CBD vs Ramsar Convention: The CBD covers all biodiversity. The Ramsar Convention covers wetlands only. India counts 103 Ramsar sites.

International bodies and relations: the largest group of news questions in Prelims (61 since 2013), often about background, members and location. In Mains, 27 news-triggered questions, mostly on India's interests.

1. 2026Mains GS3 · Q8Discuss aim and goals of Kunming-Montreal framework and India's commitments and initiatives.
2. 2018Mains GS3 · Q17How biodiversity varies in India and how Biological Diversity Act 2002 helps conservation.
3. 2024Mains GS3 · Q5IPR on life materials and reasons for low patent commercialisation in India.
4. 2014Prelims Q6Global Environment Facility as financial mechanism for CBD and UNFCCC
5. 2005Prelims Q138Correct statement on Cartagena Biosafety Protocol, GMOs, and CBD membership.
6. 2012Prelims Q3How National Biodiversity Authority checks biopiracy and protects genetic resources.
7. 2023Prelims Q79Biodiversity Management Committees and Nagoya Protocol access and benefit sharing.

UPSC’s own questions that come close to this issue, from our Prelims and Mains banks.

Products covered

The scheme promotes MMF apparel, MMF fabrics and technical textiles.

Turnover criterion

Minimum turnover under the Part 2 category is cut from ₹200 crore to ₹100 crore, to help MSMEs and mid-sized units.

Tenure extension

The tenure is extended up to FY 2033-34, only for applicants approved under Round 4.

Migration

Round 1, 2 and 3 participants that have not claimed any incentive can migrate to Round 4 after withdrawing their earlier applications.

Product basket

17 new MMF apparel and fabric products were added, and the condition of setting up a new company was relaxed.

New proposals

84 new proposals, with Rs 10,789 crore investment, Rs 44,081 crore turnover and about 86,740 jobs envisaged.

Monitoring

Reviewed by the Ministry, DPIIT (nodal department for all PLI schemes) and the Empowered Group of Secretaries; a Project Management Agency does ground verification; linked to NITI Aayog's Output-Outcome Monitoring Framework.

Spread of units

113 manufacturing units by 91 companies in 17 States and 1 UT.

Don’t confuse with PLI Textiles vs PM MITRA: PLI rewards production and turnover in MMF and technical textiles. PM MITRA parks build integrated textile infrastructure for the value chain.

Schemes: 52 Prelims questions since 2013, 10 in Prelims 2026 alone. They test features, the period and who funds it. In Mains, 33 news-triggered questions, mostly GS3.

1. 2025Mains GS3 · Q12Rationale, achievements and improvements of the Production Linked Incentive scheme
2. 2023Mains GS3 · Q1Comment on government policies to raise manufacturing share and MSMEs in GDP.
3. 2017Mains GS3 · Q2Why manufacturing failed labour-intensive exports and how to fix it
4. 2013Mains GS1 · Q23Factors behind the highly decentralized cotton textile industry in India
5. 2023Prelims Q53Whether carbon fibres are used in automobiles and aircraft and can be recycled
6. 2022Prelims Q46Statements on PET fibres' blending, containers, recycling and incineration emissions

UPSC’s own questions that come close to this issue, from our Prelims and Mains banks.