Economic ties between India and Japan while growing in the recent years are still far below their potential. Elucidate the policy constraints which are inhibiting this growth.

India-EU Strategic partnership holding untapped potential:

1. EU is the third largest trading partner of India. Ex. huge potential for foodgrain, manufactured goods trade.
2. Both co-operate on the "new emerging technologies" like AI, Blockchain. Ex. India-EU technology meet.
3. countries like France are emerging as "New Russia" supplying military equipments. Ex. Rafale deal.
4. India is diversifying its relations with Austria, Greece, Germany, Poland and Hungary.
5. There is the potential for the maritime security cooperation. Ex: linking IFC-IOR with maritime hub of EU at Djibouti.

Constrained by factors such as:

1. Colonial past adding to the discomfort.
2. Despite 16 rounds of talks the BTIA has not been finalized. Ex. conflict on IPR issues.
3. Contestations of interests at WTO and environmental dialogue. Ex. Chinese tilt of EU.
4. Green protectionism of EU. Ex. Carbon Border mechanism (CBAM).