National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) in India can be most effective when its tasks are adequately supported by other mechanisms that ensure the accountability of a government. In light of the above observation assess the role of NHRC as an effective complement to the judiciary and other institutions in promoting and protecting human rights standards.

→ take suo moto cognisance in the RG KAR college case.

Role and Mandate of NHRC:

1. Umbrella body to protect and secure basic human dignity.
2. Mandate to conduct surprise inspection of jails for condition of undertrials.
3. Look into complaints filled by the people seeking justice.
4. Take up matters of national importance

as well as that in NCT of Delhi.

(5) Suo-moto matter can be taken by NHRC.

(eg: asked for reporting of custodial death in 48 hours.

(6) Investigate the cases of gross violations of rights of vulnerable section.

(7) Prepares state by state profile and suggest better practices.

Affect on independence & effectiveness

(A) Current composition & funding = Positive:

(1) Wide representation from other bodies of SC, ST, women, Children, etc.

(2) Non-safe Security of tenure provided.

(3) Takes up issue based on referrals or suo moto.

(4) Judicial head as chairperson ensure rule of law.

(B) Issues:

(1) Cannot take up matter after an year has lapsed.

(2) Neutrality hampered: as appointment by the government.

(3) Delays in acting on complaints and submissions.

(4) Ineffective due to no penal powers.

(5) Reports often undiscussed.

Way ahead:

• Greater power of enforcement
• Independent oversight by committee of parliament
• Need to play proactive role