Aditi VarshneyAIR 57 · CSE 2022 · 229 wordsTheir whole copy
Opening · a definition
Biodiversity loss refers to the destruction and loss of species, ecosystems and genetic diversity.
Body · points and prose
→ According to Living Planet Index (WWF) - world has lost about 68% of its vertebrate biodiversity in the past 5 decades.
Causes of Biodiversity loss
→ Natural - like Volcanoes, Earthquakes etc. eg. Dinosaurs got extinct due to natural events
→ Anthropogenic → degrading environment → Climate change → Encroaching habitats → pollution - threat to polar species
- forest fires
- corals etc. → over exploitation of species eg. Dolphins dying in Rivers eg. Bottom Trawling
Steps Taken
At international level :-
(1) Convention on Biodiversity (CBD)
- it aims at proper and sustainable use of Biodiversity
- India is a party to it
(2) CITES → convention on international trade in endangered species regulates international trade in Biodiversity. (3) Convention on Migratory species (CMS) or Bonn convention → Takes care of Migratory species and protection. e.g. Great Indian Bustard. (4) Man and Biosphere Programme etc.
Steps at National level
(1) N. Biodiversity Act (NBA) - 2002 → creates an institutional framework in sync with CBD (2) Wildlife Protection Act 1972 → protected areas like National Parks etc. (3) labs, Botanical Gardens, Research and development etc. (4) Preventing illegal poaching, threats by patrolling - Securing forces like BSF.
Close · a summary
Biodiversity is a unique gift of Nature and has to be preserved for sustainable development.
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