All Prelims papers

UPSC Prelims 2019

General Studies Paper II (CSAT)

80 questions, 2 hours. Open a question for its answer and why.

  1. Question 1 · Reading Comprehension
    Passage - 1 · as printed by UPSC
    Passage beginning “Political theorists no doubt have to take…”

    What is the main idea that we can infer from the passage ?

    aUntouchability in India has not been taken seriously by political theorists.
    bHistorical injustice is inevitable in any society and is always beyond repair.
    cSocial discrimination and deprivation have their roots in bad economies.
    dIt is difficult, if not impossible, to repair every manifestation of historical injustice.
  2. Question 2 · Reading Comprehension
    Passage - 1 · as printed by UPSC
    Passage beginning “Political theorists no doubt have to take…”

    On the basis of the above passage, the following assumptions have been made :

    1. 1.Removal of economic discrimination leads to removal of social discrimination.
    2. 2.Democratic polity is the best way to repair historical wrongs.

    Which of the above assumptions is/are valid ?

    a1 only
    b2 only
    cBoth 1 and 2
    dNeither 1 nor 2
  3. Question 3 · Reading Comprehension
    Passage - 2 · as printed by UPSC
    Passage beginning “Education plays a great transformatory role in…”

    On the basis of the above passage, the following assumptions have been made :

    1. 1.A society without well educated people cannot be transformed into a modern society.
    2. 2.Without acquiring culture, a person's education is not complete.

    Which of the above assumptions is/are valid ?

    a1 only
    b2 only
    cBoth 1 and 2
    dNeither 1 nor 2
  4. Question 4 · Reading Comprehension
    Passage - 3 · as printed by UPSC
    Passage beginning “Soil, in which nearly all our food…”

    On the basis of the above passage, the following assumptions have been made :

    1. 1.Large scale soil erosion is a major reason for widespread food insecurity in the world.
    2. 2.Soil erosion is mainly anthropogenic.
    3. 3.Sustainable management of soils helps in combating climate change.

    Which of the above assumptions is/are valid ?

    a1 and 2 only
    b3 only
    c2 and 3 only
    d1, 2 and 3
  5. Question 5 · Reading Comprehension
    Passage - 4 · as printed by UPSC
    Passage beginning “Inequality is visible, even statistically measurable…”

    On the basis of the above passage, the following assumptions have been made :

    1. 1.Economic power is the only reason for the existence of inequality in a society.
    2. 2.Inequality of different kinds, income, wealth, etc. reinforces power.
    3. 3.Economic power can be analysed more through its effects than by direct empirical methods.

    Which of the above assumptions is/are valid ?

    a1 and 2 only
    b3 only
    c1 and 3 only
    d1, 2 and 3
  6. Question 6 · Reading Comprehension
    Passage - 5 · as printed by UPSC
    Passage beginning “Climate change may actually benefit some plants…”

    Which one of the following is the most logical and rational inference that can be made from the above passage ?

    aFarmers who modernize their methods and diversify their fields will be in an advantageous position in future.
    bClimate change will adversely affect the crop diversity.
    cShifting major crops to new croplands will lead to a great increase in the total area under cultivation and thus an increase in overall agricultural production.
    dClimate change is the most important factor affecting the agricultural economy in the future.
  7. Question 7 · Reading Comprehension
    Passage - 6 · as printed by UPSC
    Passage beginning “A bat's wings may look like sheets…”

    Which one of the following is the most logical, scientific and rational inference that can be made from the above passage ?

    aDifferent species having similar structure of hands is an example of biodiversity.
    bLimbs being used by different species for different kinds of work is an example of biodiversity.
    cMan and the aforementioned animals having similar structure of limbs is an example of coincidence in evolution.
    dMan and the aforementioned animals have a shared evolutionary history.
  8. Question 8 · Reading Comprehension
    Passage - 7 · as printed by UPSC
    Passage beginning “Around 56 million years ago, the Atlantic…”

    Based on the above passage, the following assumptions have been made :

    1. 1.Global warming has a bearing on the planet's biological evolution.
    2. 2.Separation of land masses causes the release of huge quantities of carbon into the atmosphere.
    3. 3.Increased warming of Earth's atmosphere can change the composition of its flora and fauna.
    4. 4.The present man-made global warming will finally lead to conditions similar to those which happened 56 million years ago.

    Which of the assumptions given above are valid ?

    a1 and 2
    b3 and 4
    c1 and 3
    d2 and 4
  9. Question 9 · Basic Numeracy

    The number of times the digit 5 will appear while writing the integers from 1 to 1000 is

    a269
    b271
    c300
    d302
  10. Question 10 · Logical Reasoning and Mental Ability

    A solid cube is painted yellow, blue and black such that opposite faces are of same colour. The cube is then cut into 36 cubes of two different sizes such that 32 cubes are small and the other four cubes are big. None of the faces of the bigger cubes is painted blue. How many cubes have only one face painted ?

    a4
    b6
    c8
    d10
  11. Question 11 · Basic Numeracy

    A and B are two heavy steel blocks. If B is placed on the top of A, the weight increases by 60%. How much weight will reduce with respect to the total weight of A and B, if B is removed from the top of A ?

    a60%
    b45·5%
    c40%
    d37·5%
  12. Question 12 · Logical Reasoning and Mental Ability

    Mr 'X' has three children. The birthday of the first child falls on the 5th Monday of April, that of the second one falls on the 5th Thursday of November. On which day is the birthday of his third child, which falls on 20th December ?

    aMonday
    bThursday
    cSaturday
    dSunday
  13. Question 13 · Logical Reasoning and Mental Ability

    Consider the following Statements and Conclusions : Statements : 1. Some rats are cats. 2. Some cats are dogs. 3. No dog is a cow. Conclusions : I. No cow is a cat. II. No dog is a rat. III. Some cats are rats.

    Which of the above conclusions is/are drawn from the statements ?

    aI, II and III
    bOnly I and II
    cOnly III
    dOnly II and III
  14. Question 14 · Basic Numeracy

    The number of parallelograms that can be formed from a set of four parallel lines intersecting another set of four parallel lines, is

    a18
    b24
    c32
    d36
  15. Question 15 · Basic Numeracy

    In a school every student is assigned a unique identification number. A student is a football player if and only if the identification number is divisible by 4, whereas a student is a cricketer if and only if the identification number is divisible by 6. If every number from 1 to 100 is assigned to a student, then how many of them play cricket as well as football ?

    a4
    b8
    c10
    d12
  16. Question 16 · Basic Numeracy

    When a runner was crossing the 12 km mark, she was informed that she had completed only 80% of the race. How many kilometres was the runner supposed to run in this event ?

    a14
    b15
    c16
    d16·5
  17. Question 17 · Basic Numeracy

    Raju has ₹ 9000 with him and he wants to buy a mobile handset; but he finds that he has only 75% of the amount required to buy the handset. Therefore, he borrows ₹ 2000 from a friend. Then

    aRaju still does not have enough amount to buy the handset.
    bRaju has exactly the same amount as required to buy the handset.
    cRaju has enough amount to buy the handset and he will have ₹ 500 with him after buying the handset.
    dRaju has enough amount to buy the handset and he will have ₹ 1000 with him after buying the handset.
  18. Question 18 · Basic Numeracy

    In 2002, Meenu's age was one-third of the age of Meera, whereas in 2010, Meenu's age was half the age of Meera. What is Meenu's year of birth ?

    a1992
    b1994
    c1996
    d1998
  19. Question 19 · Basic Numeracy

    Rakesh and Rajesh together bought 10 balls and 10 rackets. Rakesh spent ₹ 1300 and Rajesh spent ₹ 1500. If each racket costs three times a ball does, then what is the price of a racket ?

    a₹ 70
    b₹ 90
    c₹ 210
    d₹ 240
  20. Question 20 · Logical Reasoning and Mental Ability

    In a conference, out of a total 100 participants, 70 are Indians. If 60 of the total participants are vegetarian, then which of the following statements is/are correct ?

    1. 1.At least 30 Indian participants are vegetarian.
    2. 2.At least 10 Indian participants are non-vegetarian.

    Select the correct answer using the codes given below :

    a1 only
    b2 only
    cBoth 1 and 2
    dNeither 1 nor 2
  21. Question 21 · Reading Comprehension
    Passage - 1 · as printed by UPSC
    Passage beginning “Low-end IoT (Internet of Things) devices are…”

    Which one of the following statements is the most logical and rational inference that can be made from the above passage ?

    aDevelopment of enabling technologies in India can be a big boost to its manufacturing sector.
    bIndia is not yet fully ready to adopt IoT in view of the imminent security challenges.
    cLife becomes more comfortable with the development of cheap low-end IoT devices.
    dAs we go digital, we must recognise the huge threat to Internet security from some IoT devices.
  22. Question 22 · Reading Comprehension
    Passage - 2 · as printed by UPSC
    Passage beginning “With the digital phenomenon restructuring most social…”

    Which one of the following is the most logical and rational corollary to the above passage ?

    aGlobalization is not in the interests of India as it undermines its socio-economic structures.
    bIndia should be careful to protect its digital sovereignty in global trade talks.
    cIndia should charge monopoly rents from multinational companies in exchange for Big Data.
    dThe loss of Big Data from India is proportional to the degree/value of its foreign trade.
  23. Question 23 · Reading Comprehension
    Passage - 2 · as printed by UPSC
    Passage beginning “With the digital phenomenon restructuring most social…”

    Which of the following is most definitively implied by the above passage ?

    aBig Data is the key resource in the digital space.
    bBig economies create Big Data.
    cAccess to Big Data is the prerogative of developed countries.
    dAccess to and possession of Big Data is a characteristic of developed countries.
  24. Question 24 · Reading Comprehension
    Passage - 3 · as printed by UPSC
    Passage beginning “The rural poor across the world, including…”

    What is the most logical and rational corollary to the above passage ?

    aSupporting small farmers is an important part of any agenda regarding environmentally sustainable development.
    bPoor countries have little role to play in the mitigation of global warming.
    cDue to a large number of farmer households, India will not have food security problem in the foreseeable future.
    dOnly small-holder farmers in India can ensure food security.
  25. Question 25 · Reading Comprehension
    Passage - 3 · as printed by UPSC
    Passage beginning “The rural poor across the world, including…”

    The above passage implies that

    1. 1.There is a potential problem of food insecurity in India.
    2. 2.India will have to strengthen its disaster management capabilities.

    Which of the above assumptions is/are valid ?

    a1 only
    b2 only
    cBoth 1 and 2
    dNeither 1 nor 2
  26. Question 26 · Reading Comprehension
    Passage - 4 · as printed by UPSC
    Passage beginning “A changing climate, and the eventual efforts…”

    On the basis of the above passage, the following assumptions have been made :

    1. 1.Governments and companies need to be adequately prepared to face the climate change.
    2. 2.Extreme weather events will reduce the economic growth of governments and companies in future.
    3. 3.Ignoring climate change is a huge risk for investors.

    Which of the above assumptions is/are valid ?

    a1 and 2 only
    b3 only
    c1 and 3 only
    d1, 2 and 3
  27. Question 27 · Reading Comprehension
    Passage - 5 · as printed by UPSC
    Passage beginning “Access to schooling for those coming of…”

    With reference to the above passage, the following assumptions have been made :

    1. 1.Making equality of opportunity a reality is the fundamental goal of the Indian education system.
    2. 2.The present Indian school system is unable to provide egalitarian education.
    3. 3.Abolition of private schools and establishment of more government schools is the only way to ensure egalitarian education.

    Which of the above assumptions is/are valid ?

    a1 and 2 only
    b2 only
    c2 and 3 only
    d3 only
  28. Question 28 · Reading Comprehension
    Passage - 6 · as printed by UPSC
    Passage beginning “A majority of the TB infected in India…”

    Which one of the following is the most logical, rational and crucial message conveyed by the above passage ?

    aTB is not a curable disease in Indian circumstances.
    bCuring TB requires more than diagnosis and medical treatment.
    cGovernment's surveillance mechanism is deficient; and poor people have no access to treatment.
    dIndia will be free from diseases like TB only when its poverty alleviation programmes are effectively and successfully implemented.
  29. Question 29 · Data Interpretation

    A five-storeyed building with floors from I to V is painted using four different colours and only one colour is used to paint a floor. Consider the following statements :

    1. 1.The middle three floors are painted in different colours.
    2. 2.The second (II) and the fourth (IV) floors are painted in different colours.
    3. 3.The first (I) and the fifth (V) floors are painted red.

    To ensure that any two consecutive floors have different colours

    aOnly statement 2 is sufficient
    bOnly statement 3 is sufficient
    cStatement 1 is not sufficient, but statement 1 along with statement 2 is sufficient
    dStatement 3 is not sufficient, but statement 3 along with statement 2 is sufficient
  30. Question 30 · Basic Numeracy

    P, Q and R are three towns. The distance between P and Q is 60 km, whereas the distance between P and R is 80 km. Q is in the West of P and R is in the South of P. What is the distance between Q and R ?

    a140 km
    b130 km
    c110 km
    d100 km
  31. Question 31 · Basic Numeracy

    All members of a club went to Mumbai and stayed in a hotel. On the first day, 80% went for shopping and 50% went for sightseeing, whereas 10% took rest in the hotel. Which of the following conclusion(s) can be drawn from the above data ?

    1. 1.40% members went for shopping as well as sightseeing.
    2. 2.20% members went for only shopping.

    Select the correct answer using the code given below :

    a1 only
    b2 only
    cBoth 1 and 2
    dNeither 1 nor 2
  32. Question 32 · Logical Reasoning and Mental Ability

    In a school, 60% students play cricket. A student who does not play cricket, plays football. Every football player has got a two-wheeler. Which of the following conclusions cannot be drawn from the above data ?

    1. 1.60% of the students do not have two-wheelers.
    2. 2.No cricketer has a two-wheeler.
    3. 3.Cricket players do not play football.

    Select the correct answer using the code given below :

    a1 and 2 only
    b2 and 3 only
    c1 and 3 only
    d1, 2 and 3
  33. Question 33 · Basic Numeracy

    The ratio of a two-digit natural number to a number formed by reversing its digits is 4 : 7. The number of such pairs is

    a5
    b4
    c3
    d2
  34. Question 34 · Basic Numeracy

    In an examination, A has scored 20 marks more than B. If B has scored 5% less marks than A, how much has B scored ?

    a360
    b380
    c400
    d420
  35. Question 35 · Basic Numeracy

    Seeta and Geeta go for a swim after a gap of every 2 days and every 3 days respectively. If on 1st January both of them went for a swim together, when will they go together next ?

    a7th January
    b8th January
    c12th January
    d13th January
  36. Question 36 · Basic Numeracy

    X, Y and Z are three contestants in a race of 1000 m. Assume that all run with different uniform speeds. X gives Y a start of 40 m and X gives Z a start of 64 m. If Y and Z were to compete in a race of 1000 m, how many metres start will Y give to Z ?

    a20
    b25
    c30
    d35
  37. Question 37 · Basic Numeracy

    If x is greater than or equal to 25 and y is less than or equal to 40, then which one of the following is always correct ?

    ax is greater than y
    b(y – x) is greater than 15
    c(y – x) is less than or equal to 15
    d(x + y) is greater than or equal to 65
  38. Question 38 · Basic Numeracy

    Ena was born 4 years after her parents' marriage. Her mother is three years younger than her father and 24 years older than Ena, who is 13 years old. At what age did Ena's father get married ?

    a22 years
    b23 years
    c24 years
    d25 years
  39. Question 39 · Basic Numeracy

    Rakesh had money to buy 8 mobile handsets of a specific company. But the retailer offered very good discount on that particular handset. Rakesh could buy 10 mobile handsets with the amount he had. What was the discount the retailer offered ?

    a15%
    b20%
    c25%
    d30%
  40. Question 40 · Basic Numeracy

    The average marks of 100 students are given to be 40. It was found later that marks of one student were 53 which were misread as 83. The corrected mean marks are

    a39
    b39·7
    c40
    d40·3
  41. Question 41 · Reading Comprehension
    Passage - 1 · as printed by UPSC
    Passage beginning “What stands in the way of the…”

    Which one of the following is the most logical, rational and crucial message conveyed by the above passage ?

    aPublic research institutions should take the lead in GM technology and prioritise the technology agenda.
    bDeveloping countries should raise this issue in WTO and ensure the abolition of Intellectual Property Rights.
    cPrivate corporations should not be allowed to do agribusiness in India, particularly the seed business.
    dPresent Indian circumstances do not favour the cultivation of genetically modified crops.
  42. Question 42 · Reading Comprehension
    Passage - 1 · as printed by UPSC
    Passage beginning “What stands in the way of the…”

    On the basis of the above passage, the following assumptions have been made :

    1. 1.The issue of effects of natural calamities on agriculture is not given due consideration by GM technology companies.
    2. 2.In the long run, GM technology will not be able to solve agricultural problems arising due to global warming.

    Which of the above assumptions is/are valid ?

    a1 only
    b2 only
    cBoth 1 and 2
    dNeither 1 nor 2
  43. Question 43 · Reading Comprehension
    Passage - 2 · as printed by UPSC
    Passage beginning “Most invasive species are neither terribly…”

    Which one of the following is the most logical and rational inference that can be made from the above passage ?

    aInvasive species should be used to rehabilitate desert areas and wastelands of a country.
    bLaws against the introduction of foreign plants are unnecessary.
    cSometimes, the campaigns against foreign plants are pointless.
    dForeign plants should be used to increase the biodiversity of a country.
  44. Question 44 · Reading Comprehension
    Passage - 3 · as printed by UPSC
    Passage beginning “Diarrhoeal deaths among Indian children are mostly…”

    On the basis of the above passage, the following assumptions have been made :

    1. 1.Food safety is a complex issue that calls for a multipronged solution.
    2. 2.Great investments need to be made in developing the manpower for surveillance and training.
    3. 3.India needs to make sufficient legislation for governing food processing industry.

    Which of the above assumptions is/are valid ?

    a1 and 2 only
    b3 only
    c1 and 3 only
    d1, 2 and 3
  45. Question 45 · Reading Comprehension
    Passage - 4 · as printed by UPSC
    Passage beginning “The interests of working and poor people…”

    The passage seems to argue

    aagainst the monopoly of builders and the interests of elite groups.
    bagainst the need for global and smart cities.
    cin favour of planning cities mainly for working class and poor people.
    din favour of participation of peoples' groups in city planning.
  46. Question 46 · Reading Comprehension
    Passage - 5 · as printed by UPSC
    Passage beginning “A vast majority of Indians are poor, with…”

    The above passage seems to imply that

    1. 1.most of modern economic growth is based on technological progress.
    2. 2.much of modern Indian economy does not nurture sufficient symbiotic relationship with labour-intensive, natural resource-based livelihoods.
    3. 3.service sector in India is not very labour-intensive.
    4. 4.literate rural population is not willing to enter organised sector.

    Which of the statements given above are correct ?

    a1 and 2 only
    b3 and 4 only
    c1, 2 and 3 only
    d1, 2, 3 and 4
  47. Question 47 · Reading Comprehension
    Passage - 6 · as printed by UPSC
    Passage beginning “India has banking correspondents, who help bring…”

    Which one of the following is the most logical, rational and crucial inference that can be derived from the above passage ?

    aEfforts to bring people in India's hinterland into the banking system are not successful.
    bFor meaningful financial inclusion, India's banking system needs more number of banking correspondents and other such last-mile workers.
    cMeaningful financial inclusion in India requires that banking correspondents have diverse skills.
    dBetter banking outreach would be impossible unless each banking correspondent is allowed to serve a number of banks.
  48. Question 48 · Logical Reasoning and Mental Ability

    What is X in the sequence 132, 129, 124, 117, 106, 93, X ?

    a74
    b75
    c76
    d77
  49. Question 49 · Logical Reasoning and Mental Ability

    A wall clock moves 10 minutes fast in every 24 hours. The clock was set right to show the correct time at 8:00 a.m. on Monday. When the clock shows the time 6:00 p.m. on Wednesday, what is the correct time ?

    a5:36 p.m.
    b5:30 p.m.
    c5:24 p.m.
    d5:18 p.m.
  50. Question 50 · Basic Numeracy

    If the numerator and denominator of a proper fraction are increased by the same positive quantity which is greater than zero, the resulting fraction is

    aalways less than the original fraction
    balways greater than the original fraction
    calways equal to the original fraction
    dsuch that nothing can be claimed definitely
  51. Question 51 · Logical Reasoning and Mental Ability

    What is X in the sequence 4, 196, 16, 144, 36, 100, 64, X ?

    a48
    b64
    c125
    d256
  52. Question 52 · Basic Numeracy

    In a group of 15 people; 7 can read French, 8 can read English while 3 of them can read neither of these two languages. The number of people who can read exactly one language is

    a10
    b9
    c5
    d4
  53. Question 53 · Basic Numeracy

    A printer numbers the pages of a book starting with 1 and uses 3089 digits in all. How many pages does the book have ?

    a1040
    b1048
    c1049
    d1050
  54. Question 54 · Logical Reasoning and Mental Ability

    Consider the following sequence that follows some arrangement : c_accaa_aa_bc_b

    The letters that appear in the gaps are

    aabba
    bcbbb
    cbbbb
    dcccc
  55. Question 55 · Basic Numeracy

    A family has two children along with their parents. The average of the weights of the children and their mother is 50 kg. The average of the weights of the children and their father is 52 kg. If the weight of the father is 60 kg, then what is the weight of the mother ?

    a48 kg
    b50 kg
    c52 kg
    d54 kg
  56. Question 56 · Basic Numeracy

    Suppose you have sufficient amount of rupee currency in three denominations : ₹ 1, ₹ 10 and ₹ 50. In how many different ways can you pay a bill of ₹ 107 ?

    a16
    b17
    c18
    d19
  57. Question 57 · Logical Reasoning and Mental Ability

    'A' started from his house and walked 20 m towards East, where his friend 'B' joined him. They together walked 10 m in the same direction. Then 'A' turned left while 'B' turned right and travelled 2 m and 8 m respectively. Again 'B' turned left to travel 4 m followed by 5 m to his right to reach his office. 'A' turned right and travelled 12 m to reach his office. What is the shortest distance between the two offices ?

    a15 m
    b17 m
    c19 m
    d20 m
  58. Question 58 · Data Interpretation

    Consider two statements S1 and S2 followed by a question :

    1. S1p and q both are prime numbers.
    2. S2p + q is an odd integer.
    3. QuestionIs pq an odd integer?

    Which one of the following is correct ?

    aS1 alone is sufficient to answer the question
    bS2 alone is sufficient to answer the question
    cBoth S1 and S2 taken together are not sufficient to answer the question
    dBoth S1 and S2 are necessary to answer the question
  59. Question 59 · Logical Reasoning and Mental Ability

    Which year has the same calendar as that of 2009 ?

    a2018
    b2017
    c2016
    d2015
  60. Question 60 · Basic Numeracy

    Number 136 is added to 5B7 and the sum obtained is 7A3, where A and B are integers. It is given that 7A3 is exactly divisible by 3. The only possible value of B is

    a2
    b5
    c7
    d8
  61. Question 61 · Reading Comprehension
    Passage - 1 · as printed by UPSC
    Passage beginning “India's economic footprint, given its population, still…”

    Which one of the following is the most logical, rational and crucial inference that can be derived from the above passage ?

    aA better regulatory system will help India achieve the size of economy appropriate to its population.
    bIn a competitive global economy, India must use regulations strategically.
    cRegulations in India do not favour its integration with today's hyper competitive global economy.
    dJob creation and economic growth should be dominant considerations in developing India's regulatory system.
  62. Question 62 · Reading Comprehension
    Passage - 1 · as printed by UPSC
    Passage beginning “India's economic footprint, given its population, still…”

    On the basis of the above passage, the following assumptions have been made : In today's global economy,

    1. 1.regulations are not effectively used to protect local markets.
    2. 2.social and environmental concerns are generally ignored by the governments across the world while implementing the regulations.

    Which of the above assumptions is/are valid ?

    a1 only
    b2 only
    cBoth 1 and 2
    dNeither 1 nor 2
  63. Question 63 · Reading Comprehension
    Passage - 2 · as printed by UPSC
    Passage beginning “In a study, scientists compared the microbiomes…”

    Which one of the following is the most logical, rational and crucial inference that can be derived from the above passage ?

    aIf malnourished condition in children is caused by gut bacteria, it cannot be treated.
    bThe guts of malnourished babies should be inoculated with mature microbiomes.
    cBabies of malnourished mothers should be fed with dairy milk fortified with sialylated oligosaccharides instead of mother's milk.
    dResearch on benign effects of gut bacteria on nutrition has policy implications.
  64. Question 64 · Reading Comprehension
    Passage - 2 · as printed by UPSC
    Passage beginning “In a study, scientists compared the microbiomes…”

    On the basis of the above passage, the following assumptions have been made :

    1. 1.Processed probiotic foods are a solution to treat the children suffering from malnutrition due to immature gut bacteria composition.
    2. 2.The babies of malnourished mothers generally tend to be malnourished.

    Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?

    a1 only
    b2 only
    cBoth 1 and 2
    dNeither 1 nor 2
  65. Question 65 · Reading Comprehension
    Passage - 3 · as printed by UPSC
    Passage beginning “Temperatures have risen nearly five times as…”

    On the basis of the above passage, the following assumptions have been made :

    1. 1.Regions of glaciers warm faster than other regions due to global warming.
    2. 2.Global warming can lead to seafloor sedimentation in some areas.
    3. 3.Melting glaciers can reduce marine biodiversity in some areas.

    Which of the above assumptions is/are valid?

    a1 and 2 only
    b3 only
    c2 and 3 only
    d1, 2 and 3
  66. Question 66 · Reading Comprehension
    Passage - 4 · as printed by UPSC
    Passage beginning “A research team examined a long-term owl…”

    On the basis of the above passage, the following assumptions have been made :

    1. 1.Global warming is a frequently occurring natural phenomenon.
    2. 2.The impending global warming will not adversely affect small mammals.
    3. 3.Humans are responsible for the loss of the Earth's natural resilience.

    Which of the above assumptions is/are valid ?

    a1 and 2 only
    b3 only
    c2 and 3 only
    d1, 2 and 3
  67. Question 67 · Reading Comprehension
    Passage - 5 · as printed by UPSC
    Passage beginning “Food varieties extinction is happening all over…”

    On the basis of the above passage, the following assumptions have been made :

    1. 1.Humans have been the main reason for the large scale extinction of plant species.
    2. 2.Consumption of food mainly from locally cultivated crops ensures crop diversity.
    3. 3.The present style of production and distribution of food will finally lead to the problem of food scarcity in the near future.
    4. 4.Our food security may depend on our ability to preserve the locally cultivated varieties of crops.

    Which of the above assumptions are valid ?

    a1 and 3
    b2 and 4
    c2 and 3
    d1 and 4
  68. Question 68 · Logical Reasoning and Mental Ability

    If every alternative letter of the English alphabet from B onwards (including B) is written in lower case (small letters) and the remaining letters are capitalized, then how is the first month of the second half of the year written ?

    aJuLY
    bjULy
    cjUly
    djUlY
  69. Question 69 · Basic Numeracy

    Sunita cuts a sheet of paper into three pieces. Length of first piece is equal to the average of the three single digit odd prime numbers. Length of the second piece is equal to that of the first plus one-third the length of the third. The third piece is as long as the other two pieces together. The length of the original sheet of paper is

    a13 units
    b15 units
    c16 units
    d30 units
  70. Question 70 · Logical Reasoning and Mental Ability

    In the sequence 1, 5, 7, 3, 5, 7, 4, 3, 5, 7, how many such 5s are there which are not immediately preceded by 3 but are immediately followed by 7 ?

    a1
    b2
    c3
    dNone
  71. Question 71 · Logical Reasoning and Mental Ability

    A joint family consists of seven members A, B, C, D, E, F and G with three females. G is a widow and sister-in-law of D's father F. B and D are siblings and A is daughter of B. C is cousin of B. Who is E ?

    1. 1.Wife of F
    2. 2.Grandmother of A
    3. 3.Aunt of C

    Select the correct answer using the code given below :

    a1 and 2 only
    b2 and 3 only
    c1 and 3 only
    d1, 2 and 3
  72. Question 72 · Basic Numeracy

    Each face of a cube can be painted in black or white colours. In how many different ways can the cube be painted ?

    a9
    b10
    c11
    d12
  73. Question 73 · Basic Numeracy

    How many triplets (x, y, z) satisfy the equation x + y + z = 6, where x, y and z are natural numbers ?

    a4
    b5
    c9
    d10
  74. Question 74 · Basic Numeracy

    If $ means 'divided by'; @ means 'multiplied by'; # means 'minus', then the value of 10#5@1$5 is

    a0
    b1
    c2
    d9
  75. Question 75 · Basic Numeracy

    An 8-digit number 4252746B leaves remainder 0 when divided by 3. How many values of B are possible ?

    a2
    b3
    c4
    d6
  76. Question 76 · Logical Reasoning and Mental Ability
    Directions for the following 3 (three) items : · as printed by UPSC
    Passage beginning “Six students A, B, C, D, E and F…”

    If F stands second in the ranking, then the position of B is

    aThird
    bFourth
    cFifth
    dSixth
  77. Question 77 · Logical Reasoning and Mental Ability
    Directions for the following 3 (three) items : · as printed by UPSC
    Passage beginning “Six students A, B, C, D, E and F…”

    If B scores the least, the rank of C will be

    aSecond
    bThird
    cFourth
    dSecond or third
  78. Question 78 · Logical Reasoning and Mental Ability
    Directions for the following 3 (three) items : · as printed by UPSC
    Passage beginning “Six students A, B, C, D, E and F…”

    If E is ranked third, then which one of the following is correct ?

    aE gets more marks than C
    bC gets more marks than E
    cA is ranked fourth
    dD is ranked fifth
  79. Question 79 · Logical Reasoning and Mental Ability
    Directions for the following 2 (two) items : · as printed by UPSC
    Passage beginning “S1 : Twice the weight of Sohan is…”

    Which one of the following statements is correct ?

    aWeight of Mohan is greatest
    bWeight of Sohan is greatest
    cWeight of Rohan is greatest
    d'Whose weight is greatest' cannot be determined
  80. Question 80 · Logical Reasoning and Mental Ability
    Directions for the following 2 (two) items : · as printed by UPSC
    Passage beginning “S1 : Twice the weight of Sohan is…”

    Which one of the following statements is correct ?

    aWeight of Mohan is least
    bWeight of Sohan is least
    cWeight of Rohan is least
    d'Whose weight is least' cannot be determined

Source: UPSC, Civil Services (Preliminary) Examination 2019, General Studies Paper II (CSAT), Series A. The paper on upsc.gov.in.