All Prelims papers

UPSC Prelims 2011

General Studies Paper I

100 questions, 2 hours. Open a question for its answer and why.

The question paper as a PDF, from UPSCSit it against the clock, marked with UPSC’s key
  1. Question 1 · Environment and Ecology

    In the Union Budget 2011-12, a full exemption from the basic customs duty was extended to the bio-based asphalt (bioasphalt). What is the importance of this material ?

    1. 1.Unlike traditional asphalt, bio-asphalt is not based on fossil fuels.
    2. 2.Bioasphalt can be made from non-renewable resources.
    3. 3.Bioasphalt can be made from organic waste materials.
    4. 4.It is eco-friendly to use bioasphalt for surfacing of the roads.

    Which of the statements given above are correct ?

    a1, 2 and 3 only
    b1, 3 and 4 only
    c2 and 4 only
    d1, 2, 3 and 4
  2. Question 2 · Environment and Ecology

    Consider the following :

    1. 1.Carbon dioxide
    2. 2.Oxides of Nitrogen
    3. 3.Oxides of Sulphur

    Which of the above is/are the emission/emissions from coal combustion at thermal power plants ?

    a1 only
    b2 and 3 only
    c1 and 3 only
    d1, 2 and 3
  3. Question 3 · Science and Technology

    Satellites used for telecommunication relay are kept in a geostationary orbit. A satellite is said to be in such an orbit when :

    1. 1.The orbit is geosynchronous.
    2. 2.The orbit is circular.
    3. 3.The orbit lies in the plane of the Earth's equator.
    4. 4.The orbit is at an altitude of 22,236 km.

    Select the correct answer using the codes given below :

    a1, 2 and 3 only
    b1, 3 and 4 only
    c2 and 4 only
    d1, 2, 3 and 4
  4. Question 4 · Economy and Social Development

    India has experienced persistent and high food inflation in the recent past. What could be the reasons ?

    1. 1.Due to a gradual switchover to the cultivation of commercial crops, the area under the cultivation of food grains has steadily decreased in the last five years by about 30%.
    2. 2.As a consequence of increasing incomes, the consumption patterns of the people have undergone a significant change.
    3. 3.The food supply chain has structural constraints.

    Which of the statements given above are correct ?

    a1 and 2 only
    b2 and 3 only
    c1 and 3 only
    d1, 2 and 3
  5. Question 5 · Science and Technology

    At present, scientists can determine the arrangement or relative positions of genes or DNA sequences on a chromosome. How does this knowledge benefit us ?

    1. 1.It is possible to know the pedigree of livestock.
    2. 2.It is possible to understand the causes of all human diseases.
    3. 3.It is possible to develop disease-resistant animal breeds.

    Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

    a1 and 2 only
    b2 only
    c1 and 3 only
    d1, 2 and 3
  6. Question 6 · Economy and Social Development

    In terms of economy, the visit by foreign nationals to witness the XIX Common Wealth Games in India amounted to

    aExport
    bImport
    cProduction
    dConsumption
  7. Question 7 · Science and Technology

    Microbial fuel cells are considered a source of sustainable energy. Why ?

    1. 1.They use living organisms as catalysts to generate electricity from certain substrates.
    2. 2.They use a variety of inorganic materials as substrates.
    3. 3.They can be installed in waste water treatment plants to cleanse water and produce electricity.

    Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

    a1 only
    b2 and 3 only
    c1 and 3 only
    d1, 2 and 3
  8. Question 8 · Economy and Social Development

    Which one of the following statements appropriately describes the "fiscal stimulus" ?

    aIt is a massive investment by the Government in manufacturing sector to ensure the supply of goods to meet the demand surge caused by rapid economic growth
    bIt is an intense affirmative action of the Government to boost economic activity in the country
    cIt is Government's intensive action on financial institutions to ensure disbursement of loans to agriculture and allied sectors to promote greater food production and contain food inflation
    dIt is an extreme affirmative action by the Government to pursue its policy of financial inclusion
  9. Question 9 · Environment and Ecology

    The formation of ozone hole in the Antarctic region has been a cause of concern. What could be the reason for the formation of this hole ?

    aPresence of prominent tropospheric turbulence; and inflow of chlorofluorocarbons
    bPresence of prominent polar front and stratospheric clouds; and inflow of chlorofluorocarbons
    cAbsence of polar front and stratospheric clouds; and inflow of methane and chlorofluorocarbons
    dIncreased temperature at polar region due to global warming
  10. Question 10 · Economy and Social Development

    Consider the following actions which the Government can take :

    1. 1.Devaluing the domestic currency.
    2. 2.Reduction in the export subsidy.
    3. 3.Adopting suitable policies which attract greater FDI and more funds from FIIs.

    Which of the above action/actions can help in reducing the current account deficit ?

    a1 and 2
    b2 and 3
    c3 only
    d1 and 3
  11. Question 11 · Polity and Governance

    The Constitution (Seventy-Third Amendment) Act, 1992, which aims at promoting the Panchayati Raj Institutions in the country, provides for which of the following ?

    1. 1.Constitution of District Planning Committees.
    2. 2.State Election Commissions to conduct all panchayat elections.
    3. 3.Establishment of State Finance Commissions.

    Select the correct answer using the codes given below :

    a1 only
    b1 and 2 only
    c2 and 3 only
    d1, 2 and 3
  12. Question 12 · Geography

    Two important rivers — one with its source in Jharkhand (and known by a different name in Odisha), and another, with its source in Odisha - merge at a place only a short distance from the coast of Bay of Bengal before flowing into the sea. This is an important site of wildlife and biodiversity and a protected area. Which one of the following could be this ?

    aBhitarkanika
    bChandipur-on-sea
    cGopalpur-on-sea
    dSimlipal
  13. Question 13 · Economy and Social Development

    A rapid increase in the rate of inflation is sometimes attributed to the "base effect". What is "base effect" ?

    aIt is the impact of drastic deficiency in supply due to failure of crops
    bIt is the impact of the surge in demand due to rapid economic growth
    cIt is the impact of the price levels of previous year on the calculation of inflation rate
    dNone of the statements (a), (b) and (c) given above is correct in this context
  14. Question 14 · Economy and Social Development

    India is regarded as a country with "Demographic Dividend". This is due to

    aIts high population in the age group below 15 years
    bIts high population in the age group of 15-64 years
    cIts high population in the age group above 65 years
    dIts high total population
  15. Question 15 · Environment and Ecology

    Regarding "carbon credits", which one of the following statements is not correct ?

    aThe carbon credit system was ratified in conjunction with the Kyoto Protocol
    bCarbon credits are awarded to countries or groups that have reduced greenhouse gases below their emission quota
    cThe goal of the carbon credit system is to limit the increase of carbon dioxide emission
    dCarbon credits are traded at a price fixed from time to time by the United Nations Environment Programme
  16. Question 16 · Economy and Social Development

    Which one of the following is not a feature of "Value Added Tax" ?

    aIt is a multi-point destination-based system of taxation
    bIt is a tax levied on value addition at each stage of transaction in the production-distribution chain
    cIt is a tax on the final consumption of goods or services and must ultimately be borne by the consumer
    dIt is basically a subject of the Central Government and the State Governments are only a facilitator for its successful implementation
  17. Question 17 · Economy and Social Development

    A "closed economy" is an economy in which

    athe money supply is fully controlled
    bdeficit financing takes place
    conly exports take place
    dneither exports nor imports take place
  18. Question 18 · Science and Technology

    When the bark of a tree is removed in a circular fashion all around near its base, it gradually dries up and dies because

    aWater from soil cannot rise to aerial parts
    bRoots are starved of energy
    cTree is infected by soil microbes
    dRoots do not receive oxygen for respiration
  19. Question 19 · International Relations and Current Affairs

    The "New START" treaty was in the news. What is this treaty ?

    aIt is a bilateral strategic nuclear arms reduction treaty between the USA and the Russian Federation
    bIt is a multilateral energy security cooperation treaty among the members of the East Asia Summit
    cIt is a treaty between the Russian Federation and the European Union for the energy security cooperation
    dIt is a multilateral cooperation treaty among the BRICS countries for the promotion of trade
  20. Question 20 · Environment and Ecology

    Three of the following criteria have contributed to the recognition of Western Ghats-Sri Lanka and Indo-Burma regions as hotspots of biodiversity :

    1. 1.Species richness
    2. 2.Vegetation density
    3. 3.Endemism
    4. 4.Ethno-botanical importance
    5. 5.Threat perception
    6. 6.Adaptation of flora and fauna to warm and humid conditions

    Which three of the above are correct criteria in this context ?

    a1, 2 and 6
    b2, 4 and 6
    c1, 3 and 5
    d3, 4 and 6
  21. Question 21 · Environment and Ecology

    Human activities in the recent past have caused the increased concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, but a lot of it does not remain in the lower atmosphere because of

    1. 1.its escape into the outer stratosphere.
    2. 2.the photosynthesis by phytoplankton in the oceans.
    3. 3.the trapping of air in the polar ice caps.

    Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

    a1 and 2
    b2 only
    c2 and 3
    d3 only
  22. Question 22 · Environment and Ecology

    In the context of ecosystem productivity, marine upwelling zones are important as they increase the marine productivity by bringing the

    1. 1.decomposer microorganisms to the surface.
    2. 2.nutrients to the surface.
    3. 3.bottom-dwelling organisms to the surface.

    Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

    a1 and 2
    b2 only
    c2 and 3
    d3 only
  23. Question 23 · Environment and Ecology

    If a tropical rain forest is removed, it does not regenerate quickly as compared to a tropical deciduous forest. This is because

    athe soil of rain forest is deficient in nutrients
    bpropagules of the trees in a rain forest have poor viability
    cthe rain forest species are slow-growing
    dexotic species invade the fertile soil of rain forest
  24. Question 24 · Environment and Ecology

    The Himalayan Range is very rich in species diversity. Which one among the following is the most appropriate reason for this phenomenon ?

    aIt has a high rainfall that supports luxuriant vegetative growth
    bIt is a confluence of different bio-geographical zones
    cExotic and invasive species have not been introduced in this region
    dIt has less human interference
  25. Question 25 · Environment and Ecology

    With reference to India, consider the following Central Acts :

    1. 1.Import and Export (Control) Act, 1947
    2. 2.Mining and Mineral Development (Regulation) Act, 1957
    3. 3.Customs Act, 1962
    4. 4.Indian Forest Act, 1927

    Which of the above Acts have relevance to/bearing on the biodiversity conservation in the country ?

    a1 and 3 only
    b2, 3 and 4 only
    c1, 2, 3 and 4
    dNone of the above Acts
  26. Question 26 · Polity and Governance

    Karl Marx explained the process of class struggle with the help of which one of the following theories ?

    aEmpirical liberalism
    bExistentialism
    cDarwin's theory of evolution
    dDialectical materialism
  27. Question 27 · Science and Technology

    A layer in the Earth's atmosphere called Ionosphere facilitates radio communication. Why ?

    1. 1.The presence of ozone causes the reflection of radio waves to Earth.
    2. 2.Radio waves have a very long wavelength.

    Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

    a1 only
    b2 only
    cBoth 1 and 2
    dNeither 1 nor 2
  28. Question 28 · Economy and Social Development

    Both Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Foreign Institutional Investor (FII) are related to investment in a country. Which one of the following statements best represents an important difference between the two ?

    aFII helps bring better management skills and technology, while FDI only brings in capital
    bFII helps in increasing capital availability in general, while FDI only targets specific sectors
    cFDI flows only into the secondary market, while FII targets primary market
    dFII is considered to be more stable than FDI
  29. Question 29 · Science and Technology

    A genetically engineered form of brinjal, known as the Bt-brinjal, has been developed. The objective of this is

    aTo make it pest-resistant
    bTo improve its taste and nutritive qualities
    cTo make it drought-resistant
    dTo make its shelf-life longer
  30. Question 30 · Economy and Social Development

    With reference to "Aam Admi Bima Yojana", consider the following statements :

    1. 1.The member insured under the scheme must be the head of the family or an earning member of the family in a rural landless household.
    2. 2.The member insured must be in the age group of 30 to 65 years.
    3. 3.There is a provision for free scholarship for up to two children of the insured who are studying between classes 9 and 12.

    Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

    a1 only
    b2 and 3 only
    c1 and 3 only
    d1, 2 and 3
  31. Question 31 · Economy and Social Development

    In the context of global oil prices, "Brent crude oil" is frequently referred to in the news. What does this term imply ?

    1. 1.It is a major classification of crude oil.
    2. 2.It is sourced from North Sea.
    3. 3.It does not contain sulphur.

    Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

    a2 only
    b1 and 2 only
    c1 and 3 only
    d1, 2 and 3
  32. Question 32 · Science and Technology

    The function of heavy water in a nuclear reactor is to

    aSlow down the speed of neutrons
    bIncrease the speed of neutrons
    cCool down the reactor
    dStop the nuclear reaction
  33. Question 33 · Polity and Governance

    In India, if a religious sect/community is given the status of a national minority, what special advantages it is entitled to ?

    1. 1.It can establish and administer exclusive educational institutions.
    2. 2.The President of India automatically nominates a representative of the community to Lok Sabha.
    3. 3.It can derive benefits from the Prime Minister's 15-Point Programme.

    Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

    a1 only
    b2 and 3 only
    c1 and 3 only
    d1, 2 and 3
  34. Question 34 · Polity and Governance

    India is home to lakhs of persons with disabilities. What are the benefits available to them under the law ?

    1. 1.Free schooling till the age of 18 years in government-run schools.
    2. 2.Preferential allotment of land for setting up business.
    3. 3.Ramps in public buildings.

    Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

    a1 only
    b2 and 3 only
    c1 and 3 only
    d1, 2 and 3
  35. Question 35 · Economy and Social Development

    With what purpose is the Government of India promoting the concept of "Mega Food Parks" ?

    1. 1.To provide good infrastructure facilities for the food processing industry.
    2. 2.To increase the processing of perishable items and reduce wastage.
    3. 3.To provide emerging and eco-friendly food processing technologies to entrepreneurs.

    Select the correct answer using the codes given below :

    a1 only
    b1 and 2 only
    c2 and 3 only
    d1, 2 and 3
  36. Question 36 · Polity and Governance

    The authorization for the withdrawal of funds from the Consolidated Fund of India must come from

    aThe President of India
    bThe Parliament of India
    cThe Prime Minister of India
    dThe Union Finance Minister
  37. Question 37 · Economy and Social Development

    All revenues received by the Union Government by way of taxes and other receipts for the conduct of Government business are credited to the

    aContingency Fund of India
    bPublic Account
    cConsolidated Fund of India
    dDeposits and Advances Fund
  38. Question 38 · Economy and Social Development

    Microfinance is the provision of financial services to people of low-income groups. This includes both the consumers and the self-employed. The service/services rendered under microfinance is/are :

    1. 1.Credit facilities
    2. 2.Savings facilities
    3. 3.Insurance facilities
    4. 4.Fund Transfer facilities

    Select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists :

    a1 only
    b1 and 4 only
    c2 and 3 only
    d1, 2, 3 and 4
  39. Question 39 · Geography

    Southeast Asia has captivated the attention of global community over space and time as a geostrategically significant region. Which among the following is the most convincing explanation for this global perspective ?

    aIt was the hot theatre during the Second World War
    bIts location between the Asian powers of China and India
    cIt was the arena of superpower confrontation during the Cold War period
    dIts location between the Pacific and Indian oceans and its pre-eminent maritime character
  40. Question 40 · Science and Technology

    A company marketing food products advertises that its items do not contain trans-fats. What does this campaign signify to the customers ?

    1. 1.The food products are not made out of hydrogenated oils.
    2. 2.The food products are not made out of animal fats/oils.
    3. 3.The oils used are not likely to damage the cardiovascular health of the consumers.

    Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

    a1 only
    b2 and 3 only
    c1 and 3 only
    d1, 2 and 3
  41. Question 41 · Economy and Social Development

    Among the following who are eligible to benefit from the "Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act" ?

    aAdult members of only the scheduled caste and scheduled tribe households
    bAdult members of below poverty line (BPL) households
    cAdult members of households of all backward communities
    dAdult members of any household
  42. Question 42 · International Relations and Current Affairs

    With reference to "Look East Policy" of India, consider the following statements :

    1. 1.India wants to establish itself as an important regional player in the East Asian affairs.
    2. 2.India wants to plug the vacuum created by the termination of Cold War.
    3. 3.India wants to restore the historical and cultural ties with its neighbours in Southeast and East Asia.

    Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

    a1 only
    b1 and 3 only
    c3 only
    d1, 2 and 3
  43. Question 43 · Polity and Governance

    When the annual Union Budget is not passed by the Lok Sabha,

    athe Budget is modified and presented again
    bthe Budget is referred to the Rajya Sabha for suggestions
    cthe Union Finance Minister is asked to resign
    dthe Prime Minister submits the resignation of Council of Ministers
  44. Question 44 · Polity and Governance

    Under the Constitution of India, which one of the following is not a fundamental duty ?

    aTo vote in public elections
    bTo develop the scientific temper
    cTo safeguard public property
    dTo abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals
  45. Question 45 · Polity and Governance

    With reference to the Finance Commission of India, which of the following statements is correct ?

    aIt encourages the inflow of foreign capital for infrastructure development
    bIt facilitates the proper distribution of finances among the Public Sector Undertakings
    cIt ensures transparency in financial administration
    dNone of the statements (a), (b) and (c) given above is correct in this context
  46. Question 46 · Polity and Governance

    Consider the following :

    1. 1.Right to education.
    2. 2.Right to equal access to public service.
    3. 3.Right to food.

    Which of the above is/are Human Right/Human Rights under "Universal Declaration of Human Rights" ?

    a1 only
    b1 and 2 only
    c3 only
    d1, 2 and 3
  47. Question 47 · Environment and Ecology

    There is a concern over the increase in harmful algal blooms in the seawaters of India. What could be the causative factors for this phenomenon ?

    1. 1.Discharge of nutrients from the estuaries.
    2. 2.Run-off from the land during the monsoon.
    3. 3.Upwelling in the seas.

    Select the correct answer from the codes given below :

    a1 only
    b1 and 2 only
    c2 and 3 only
    d1, 2 and 3
  48. Question 48 · Environment and Ecology

    Consider the following :

    1. 1.Photosynthesis
    2. 2.Respiration
    3. 3.Decay of organic matter
    4. 4.Volcanic action

    Which of the above add carbon dioxide to the carbon cycle on Earth ?

    a1 and 4 only
    b2 and 3 only
    c2, 3 and 4 only
    d1, 2, 3 and 4
  49. Question 49 · International Relations and Current Affairs

    Recently, the USA decided to support India's membership in multi-lateral export control regimes called the "Australia Group" and the "Wassenaar Arrangement". What is the difference between them ?

    1. 1.The Australia Group is an informal arrangement which aims to allow exporting countries to minimize the risk of assisting chemical and biological weapons proliferation, whereas the Wassenaar Arrangement is a formal group under the OECD holding identical objectives.
    2. 2.The Australia Group comprises predominantly of Asian, African and North American countries, whereas the member countries of Wassenaar Arrangement are predominantly from the European Union and American continents.

    Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

    a1 only
    b2 only
    cBoth 1 and 2
    dNeither 1 nor 2
  50. Question 50 · Science and Technology

    The surface of a lake is frozen in severe winter, but the water at its bottom is still liquid. What is the reason ?

    aIce is a bad conductor of heat
    bSince the surface of the lake is at the same temperature as the air, no heat is lost
    cThe density of water is maximum at 4°C
    dNone of the statements (a), (b) and (c) given above is correct
  51. Question 51 · Environment and Ecology

    A sandy and saline area is the natural habitat of an Indian animal species. The animal has no predators in that area but its existence is threatened due to the destruction of its habitat. Which one of the following could be that animal ?

    aIndian wild buffalo
    bIndian wild ass
    cIndian wild boar
    dIndian gazelle
  52. Question 52 · Geography

    La Nina is suspected to have caused recent floods in Australia. How is La Nina different from El Nino ?

    1. 1.La Nina is characterised by unusually cold ocean temperature in equatorial Indian Ocean whereas El Nino is characterised by unusually warm ocean temperature in the equatorial Pacific Ocean.
    2. 2.El Nino has adverse effect on south-west monsoon of India, but La Nina has no effect on monsoon climate.

    Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

    a1 only
    b2 only
    cBoth 1 and 2
    dNeither 1 nor 2
  53. Question 53 · History and Culture

    The tendency for increased litigation was visible after the introduction of the land settlement system of Lord Cornwallis in 1793. The reason for this is normally traced to which of the following provisions ?

    aMaking Zamindar's position stronger vis-a-vis the ryot
    bMaking East India Company an overlord of Zamindars
    cMaking judicial system more efficient
    dNone of the (a), (b) and (c) above
  54. Question 54 · History and Culture

    Which one of the following observations is not true about the Quit India Movement of 1942 ?

    aIt was a non-violent movement
    bIt was led by Mahatma Gandhi
    cIt was a spontaneous movement
    dIt did not attract the labour class in general
  55. Question 55 · History and Culture

    Which amongst the following provided a common factor for tribal insurrection in India in the 19th century ?

    aIntroduction of a new system of land revenue and taxation of tribal products
    bInfluence of foreign religious missionaries in tribal areas
    cRise of a large number of money lenders, traders and revenue farmers as middlemen in tribal areas
    dThe complete disruption of the old agrarian order of the tribal communities
  56. Question 56 · History and Culture

    India maintained its early cultural contacts and trade links with Southeast Asia across the Bay of Bengal. For this pre-eminence of early maritime history of Bay of Bengal, which of the following could be the most convincing explanation/explanations ?

    aAs compared to other countries, India had a better ship-building technology in ancient and medieval times
    bThe rulers of southern India always patronized traders, brahmin priests and buddhist monks in this context
    cMonsoon winds across the Bay of Bengal facilitated sea voyages
    dBoth (a) and (b) are convincing explanations in this context
  57. Question 57 · Science and Technology

    What is the difference between Bluetooth and Wi-Fi devices ?

    aBluetooth uses 2·4 GHz radio frequency band, whereas Wi-Fi can use 2·4 GHz or 5 GHz frequency band
    bBluetooth is used for Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN) only, whereas Wi-Fi is used for Wireless Wide Area Networks (WWAN) only
    cWhen information is transmitted between two devices using Bluetooth technology, the devices have to be in the line of sight of each other, but when Wi-Fi technology is used the devices need not be in the line of sight of each other
    dThe statements (a) and (b) given above are correct in this context
  58. Question 58 · Economy and Social Development

    With reference to micro-irrigation, which of the following statements is/are correct ?

    1. 1.Fertilizer/nutrient loss can be reduced.
    2. 2.It is the only means of irrigation in dry land farming.
    3. 3.In some areas of farming, receding of ground water table can be checked.

    Select the correct answer using the codes given below :

    a1 only
    b2 and 3 only
    c1 and 3 only
    d1, 2 and 3
  59. Question 59 · History and Culture

    With reference to the period of colonial rule in India, "Home Charges" formed an important part of drain of wealth from India. Which of the following funds constituted "Home Charges" ?

    1. 1.Funds used to support the India Office in London.
    2. 2.Funds used to pay salaries and pensions of British personnel engaged in India.
    3. 3.Funds used for waging wars outside India by the British.

    Select the correct answer using the codes given below :

    a1 only
    b1 and 2 only
    c2 and 3 only
    d1, 2 and 3
  60. Question 60 · History and Culture

    What was the reason for Mahatma Gandhi to organize a satyagraha on behalf of the peasants of Kheda ?

    1. 1.The Administration did not suspend the land revenue collection in spite of a drought.
    2. 2.The Administration proposed to introduce Permanent Settlement in Gujarat.

    Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

    a1 only
    b2 only
    cBoth 1 and 2
    dNeither 1 nor 2
  61. Question 61 · Environment and Ecology

    Biodiversity forms the basis for human existence in the following ways :

    1. 1.Soil formation
    2. 2.Prevention of soil erosion
    3. 3.Recycling of waste
    4. 4.Pollination of crops

    Select the correct answer using the codes given below :

    a1, 2 and 3 only
    b2, 3 and 4 only
    c1 and 4 only
    d1, 2, 3 and 4
  62. Question 62 · Science and Technology

    Aspartame is an artificial sweetener sold in the market. It consists of amino acids and provides calories like other amino acids. Yet, it is used as a low-calorie sweetening agent in food items. What is the basis of this use ?

    aAspartame is as sweet as table sugar, but unlike table sugar, it is not readily oxidized in human body due to lack of requisite enzymes
    bWhen aspartame is used in food processing, the sweet taste remains, but it becomes resistant to oxidation
    cAspartame is as sweet as sugar, but after ingestion into the body, it is converted into metabolites that yield no calories
    dAspartame is several times sweeter than table sugar, hence food items made with small quantities of aspartame yield fewer calories on oxidation
  63. Question 63 · History and Culture

    What was the purpose with which Sir William Wedderburn and W. S. Caine had set up the Indian Parliamentary Committee in 1893 ?

    aTo agitate for Indian political reforms in the House of Commons
    bTo campaign for the entry of Indians into the Imperial Judiciary
    cTo facilitate a discussion on India's Independence in the British Parliament
    dTo agitate for the entry of eminent Indians into the British Parliament
  64. Question 64 · Science and Technology

    What is the difference between a CFL and an LED lamp ?

    1. 1.To produce light, a CFL uses mercury vapour and phosphor while an LED lamp uses semi-conductor material.
    2. 2.The average life span of a CFL is much longer than that of an LED lamp.
    3. 3.A CFL is less energy-efficient as compared to an LED lamp.

    Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

    a1 only
    b2 and 3 only
    c1 and 3 only
    d1, 2 and 3
  65. Question 65 · Environment and Ecology

    Recently, "oilzapper" was in the news. What is it ?

    aIt is an eco-friendly technology for the remediation of oily sludge and oil spills
    bIt is the latest technology developed for under sea oil exploration
    cIt is a genetically engineered high biofuel yielding maize variety
    dIt is the latest technology to control the accidentally caused flames from oil wells
  66. Question 66 · Science and Technology

    A married couple adopted a male child. A few years later, twin boys were born to them. The blood group of the couple is AB positive and O negative. The blood group of the three sons is A positive, B positive, and O positive. The blood group of the adopted son is

    aO positive
    bA positive
    cB positive
    dCannot be determined on the basis of the given data
  67. Question 67 · History and Culture

    Mahatma Gandhi said that some of his deepest convictions were reflected in a book titled, "Unto this Last" and the book transformed his life. What was the message from the book that transformed Mahatma Gandhi ?

    aUplifting the oppressed and poor is the moral responsibility of an educated man
    bThe good of individual is contained in the good of all
    cThe life of celibacy and spiritual pursuit are essential for a noble life
    dAll the statements (a), (b) and (c) are correct in this context
  68. Question 68 · History and Culture

    With reference to Indian freedom struggle, Usha Mehta is well-known for

    aRunning the secret Congress Radio in the wake of Quit India Movement
    bParticipating in the Second Round Table Conference
    cLeading a contingent of Indian National Army
    dAssisting in the formation of Interim Government under Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru
  69. Question 69 · Science and Technology

    A new optical disc format known as the Blu-ray Disc (BD) is becoming popular. In what way is it different from the traditional DVD ?

    1. 1.DVD supports Standard Definition video while BD supports High Definition video.
    2. 2.Compared to a DVD, the BD format has several times more storage capacity.
    3. 3.Thickness of BD is 2·4 mm while that of DVD is 1·2 mm.

    Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

    a1 only
    b1 and 2 only
    c2 and 3 only
    d1, 2 and 3
  70. Question 70 · History and Culture

    With reference to the period of Indian freedom struggle, which of the following was/were recommended by the Nehru report ?

    1. 1.Complete Independence for India.
    2. 2.Joint electorates for reservation of seats for minorities.
    3. 3.Provision of fundamental rights for the people of India in the Constitution.

    Select the correct answer using the codes given below :

    a1 only
    b2 and 3 only
    c1 and 3 only
    d1, 2 and 3
  71. Question 71 · Geography

    Among the following States, which one has the most suitable climatic conditions for the cultivation of a large variety of orchids with minimum cost of production, and can develop an export oriented industry in this field ?

    aAndhra Pradesh
    bArunachal Pradesh
    cMadhya Pradesh
    dUttar Pradesh
  72. Question 72 · Environment and Ecology

    Which one of the following is not a site for in-situ method of conservation of flora ?

    aBiosphere Reserve
    bBotanical Garden
    cNational Park
    dWildlife Sanctuary
  73. Question 73 · Polity and Governance

    Consider the following statements : In India, a Metropolitan Planning Committee

    1. 1.is constituted under the provisions of the Constitution of India.
    2. 2.prepares the draft development plans for metropolitan area.
    3. 3.has the sole responsibility for implementing Government sponsored schemes in the metropolitan area.

    Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

    a1 and 2 only
    b2 only
    c1 and 3 only
    d1, 2 and 3
  74. Question 74 · Economy and Social Development

    What is the difference between "vote-on-account" and "interim budget" ?

    1. 1.The provision of a "vote-on-account" is used by a regular Government, while an "interim budget" is a provision used by a caretaker Government.
    2. 2.A "vote-on-account" only deals with the expenditure in Government's budget, while an "interim budget" includes both expenditure and receipts.

    Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

    a1 only
    b2 only
    cBoth 1 and 2
    dNeither 1 nor 2
  75. Question 75 · Economy and Social Development

    Regarding the International Monetary Fund, which one of the following statements is correct ?

    aIt can grant loans to any country
    bIt can grant loans to only developed countries
    cIt grants loans to only member countries
    dIt can grant loans to the central bank of a country
  76. Question 76 · Environment and Ecology

    The 2004 Tsunami made people realize that mangroves can serve as a reliable safety hedge against coastal calamities. How do mangroves function as a safety hedge ?

    aThe mangrove swamps separate the human settlements from the sea by a wide zone in which people neither live nor venture out
    bThe mangroves provide both food and medicines which people are in need of after any natural disaster
    cThe mangrove trees are tall with dense canopies and serve as an excellent shelter during a cyclone or tsunami
    dThe mangrove trees do not get uprooted by storms and tides because of their extensive roots
  77. Question 77 · History and Culture

    The Jain philosophy holds that the world is created and maintained by

    aUniversal Law
    bUniversal Truth
    cUniversal Faith
    dUniversal Soul
  78. Question 78 · Geography

    Salinization occurs when the irrigation water accumulated in the soil evaporates, leaving behind salts and minerals. What are the effects of salinization on the irrigated land ?

    aIt greatly increases the crop production
    bIt makes some soils impermeable
    cIt raises the water table
    dIt fills the air spaces in the soil with water
  79. Question 79 · Environment and Ecology

    The "Red Data Books" published by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) contain lists of

    1. 1.Endemic plant and animal species present in the biodiversity hotspots.
    2. 2.Threatened plant and animal species.
    3. 3.Protected sites for conservation of nature and natural resources in various countries.

    Select the correct answer using the codes given below :

    a1 and 3
    b2 only
    c2 and 3
    d3 only
  80. Question 80 · Economy and Social Development

    Why is the offering of "teaser loans" by commercial banks a cause of economic concern ?

    1. 1.The teaser loans are considered to be an aspect of sub-prime lending and banks may be exposed to the risk of defaulters in future.
    2. 2.In India, the teaser loans are mostly given to inexperienced entrepreneurs to set up manufacturing or export units.

    Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

    a1 only
    b2 only
    cBoth 1 and 2
    dNeither 1 nor 2
  81. Question 81 · Science and Technology

    An artificial satellite orbiting around the Earth does not fall down. This is so because the attraction of Earth

    adoes not exist at such distance
    bis neutralized by the attraction of the moon
    cprovides the necessary speed for its steady motion
    dprovides the necessary acceleration for its motion
  82. Question 82 · Economy and Social Development

    In the context of Indian economy, consider the following statements :

    1. 1.The growth rate of GDP has steadily increased in the last five years.
    2. 2.The growth rate in per capita income has steadily increased in the last five years.

    Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

    a1 only
    b2 only
    cBoth 1 and 2
    dNeither 1 nor 2
  83. Question 83 · Economy and Social Development

    In India, which of the following have the highest share in the disbursement of credit to agriculture and allied activities ?

    aCommercial Banks
    bCooperative Banks
    cRegional Rural Banks
    dMicrofinance Institutions
  84. Question 84 · Economy and Social Development

    Which of the following can aid in furthering the Government's objective of inclusive growth ?

    1. 1.Promoting Self-Help Groups
    2. 2.Promoting Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises
    3. 3.Implementing the Right to Education Act

    Select the correct answer using the codes given below :

    a1 only
    b1 and 2 only
    c2 and 3 only
    d1, 2 and 3
  85. Question 85 · Economy and Social Development

    Why is the Government of India disinvesting its equity in the Central Public Sector Enterprises (CPSEs) ?

    1. 1.The Government intends to use the revenue earned from the disinvestment mainly to pay back the external debt.
    2. 2.The Government no longer intends to retain the management control of the CPSEs.

    Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

    a1 only
    b2 only
    cBoth 1 and 2
    dNeither 1 nor 2
  86. Question 86 · Science and Technology

    What is the difference between asteroids and comets ?

    1. 1.Asteroids are small rocky planetoids, while comets are formed of frozen gases held together by rocky and metallic material.
    2. 2.Asteroids are found mostly between the orbits of Jupiter and Mars, while comets are found mostly between Venus and Mercury.
    3. 3.Comets show a perceptible glowing tail, while asteroids do not.

    Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

    a1 and 2 only
    b1 and 3 only
    c3 only
    d1, 2 and 3
  87. Question 87 · Economy and Social Development

    Economic growth is usually coupled with

    aDeflation
    bInflation
    cStagflation
    dHyperinflation
  88. Question 88 · Economy and Social Development

    The lowering of Bank Rate by the Reserve Bank of India leads to

    aMore liquidity in the market
    bLess liquidity in the market
    cNo change in the liquidity in the market
    dMobilization of more deposits by commercial banks
  89. Question 89 · Geography

    Westerlies in southern hemisphere are stronger and persistent than in northern hemisphere. Why ?

    1. 1.Southern hemisphere has less landmass as compared to northern hemisphere.
    2. 2.Coriolis force is higher in southern hemisphere as compared to northern hemisphere

    Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

    a1 only
    b2 only
    cBoth 1 and 2
    dNeither 1 nor 2
  90. Question 90 · Geography

    Between India and East Asia, the navigation-time and distance can be greatly reduced by which of the following ?

    1. 1.Deepening the Malacca straits between Malaysia and Indonesia.
    2. 2.Opening a new canal across the Kra isthmus between the Gulf of Siam and Andaman Sea.

    Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

    a1 only
    b2 only
    cBoth 1 and 2
    dNeither 1 nor 2
  91. Question 91 · Science and Technology

    Regular intake of fresh fruits and vegetables is recommended in the diet since they are a good source of antioxidants. How do antioxidants help a person maintain health and promote longevity ?

    aThey activate the enzymes necessary for vitamin synthesis in the body and help prevent vitamin deficiency
    bThey prevent excessive oxidation of carbohydrates, fats and proteins in the body and help avoid unnecessary wastage of energy
    cThey neutralize the free radicals produced in the body during metabolism
    dThey activate certain genes in the cells of the body and help delay the ageing process
  92. Question 92 · History and Culture

    Regarding the Indus Valley Civilization, consider the following statements :

    1. 1.It was predominantly a secular civilization and the religious element, though present, did not dominate the scene.
    2. 2.During this period, cotton was used for manufacturing textiles in India.

    Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

    a1 only
    b2 only
    cBoth 1 and 2
    dNeither 1 nor 2
  93. Question 93 · Geography

    The lower Gangetic plain is characterised by humid climate with high temperature throughout the year. Which one among the following pairs of crops is most suitable for this region ?

    aPaddy and cotton
    bWheat and Jute
    cPaddy and Jute
    dWheat and cotton
  94. Question 94 · Geography

    What could be the main reason/reasons for the formation of African and Eurasian desert belt ?

    1. 1.It is located in the sub-tropical high pressure cells.
    2. 2.It is under the influence of warm ocean currents.

    Which of the statements given above is/are correct in this context ?

    a1 only
    b2 only
    cBoth 1 and 2
    dNeither 1 nor 2
  95. Question 95 · Geography

    The jet aircrafts fly very easily and smoothly in the lower stratosphere. What could be the appropriate explanation ?

    1. 1.There are no clouds or water vapour in the lower stratosphere
    2. 2.There are no vertical winds in the lower stratosphere.

    Which of the statements given above is/are correct in this context ?

    a1 only
    b2 only
    cBoth 1 and 2
    dNeither 1 nor 2
  96. Question 96 · Environment and Ecology

    Consider the following statements :

    1. 1.Biodiversity is normally greater in the lower latitudes as compared to the higher latitudes.
    2. 2.Along the mountain gradients, biodiversity is normally greater in the lower altitudes as compared to the higher altitudes.

    Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

    a1 only
    b2 only
    cBoth 1 and 2
    dNeither 1 nor 2
  97. Question 97 · Geography

    The Brahmaputra, Irrawady and Mekong rivers originate in Tibet and flow through narrow and parallel mountain ranges in their upper reaches. Of these rivers, Brahmaputra makes a "U" turn in its course to flow into India. This "U" turn is due to

    aUplift of folded Himalayan series
    bSyntaxial bending of geologically young Himalayas
    cGeo-tectonic disturbance in the tertiary folded mountain chains
    dBoth (a) and (b) above
  98. Question 98 · Geography

    A state in India has the following characteristics :

    1. 1.Its northern part is arid and semi-arid.
    2. 2.Its central part produces cotton.
    3. 3.Cultivation of cash crops is predominant over food crops.

    Which one of the following states has all of the above characteristics ?

    aAndhra Pradesh
    bGujarat
    cKarnataka
    dTamil Nadu
  99. Question 99 · Science and Technology

    What is "Virtual Private Network" ?

    aIt is a private computer network of an organization where the remote users can transmit encrypted information through the server of the organization
    bIt is a computer network across a public internet that provides users access to their organization's network while maintaining the security of the information transmitted
    cIt is a computer network in which users can access a shared pool of computing resources through a service provider
    dNone of the statements (a), (b) and (c) given above is a correct description of Virtual Private Network
  100. Question 100 · History and Culture

    The "dharma" and "rita" depict a central idea of ancient Vedic civilization of India. In this context, consider the following statements :

    1. 1.Dharma was a conception of obligations and of the discharge of one's duties to oneself and to others.
    2. 2.Rita was the fundamental moral law governing the functioning of the universe and all it contained.

    Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

    a1 only
    b2 only
    cBoth 1 and 2
    dNeither 1 nor 2

Source: UPSC, Civil Services (Preliminary) Examination 2011, General Studies Paper I, Series A. The paper on upsc.gov.in.