AIR 260 · CSE 2024 · GS3 · 54 pages

Sourabh Kumar: GS3 answer copy

20 answers by Sourabh Kumar, as written in the test. Each question opens a page with how other toppers answered it.

The questions

  1. Q1What do you mean by off-budget borrowings? Discuss the various issues associated with them.10 marks
  2. Q2Do you agree that the agriculture sector in India needs a separate budget for its transformation? Substantiate.10 marks
  3. Q3Growth of e-commerce has huge potential in revolutionizing the agriculture products supply chains. Discuss.10 marks
  4. Q4'Water use efficiency is the keystone in the sustainable development of the Indian agriculture sector.' Examine.10 marks
  5. Q5Robust economic growth requires a complementation between the public and private investment. Examine the statement with reference to falling private investments in the Indian economy.10 marks
  6. Q6Discuss several ways in which biotechnology can help in ensuring food security in India.10 marks
  7. Q7Explain the significance of the Fast Breeder Reactor (FBR) in achieving the goals of India's Nuclear energy program.10 marks
  8. Q8Public awareness is primary in inculcating environmental consciousness. How does the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) promote environmental awareness?10 marks
  9. Q9Overexploitation strains the quality as well as the quantity of our groundwater resources.10 marks
  10. Q10Disinformation has become a serious threat to internal security.' In the light of the statement, mention the role of the State in prevention of fake news.10 marks
  11. Q11'Employment opportunities in India are experiencing a rapid transformation.' In the light of the statement, discuss the preparedness of the Indian labor force to adapt to this transformation.15 marks
  12. Q12Liberalized Indian economy expanded rapidly at the cost of social equity. Elaborate. Also, suggest measures for promoting inclusive economic growth.15 marks
  13. Q13Livestocks play a key role in improving the socio-economic conditions of the rural masses. In this light, discuss the potential opportunities for the livestock farmers in India.15 marks
  14. Q14What are the objectives of the Production Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme? Analyze its role in the growth of indigenous semiconductor industry.15 marks
  15. Q15Delays in infrastructure projects create massive cost overruns. Elaborate the major causes of delays and potential solutions for timely project execution.15 marks
  16. Q16The Indian Space sector exhibits huge growth potential. Analyze the opportunities for the private sector in the Indian space industry.15 marks
  17. Q17Plastic waste has become near ubiquitous, threatening ecological stability. Explain. Also, discuss various measures taken by the government to contain further environmental degradation by plastic wastes.15 marks
  18. Q18Elaborate the disaster vulnerability of Indian coastal cities with examples. Examine the relevance of Sendai Framework in disaster management of coastal regions.15 marks
  19. Q19Alarming rising trend in cyber attacks endangers national security. Explain with examples. Elaborate the need for establishing a dedicated cyber security force to deal with the issue.15 marks
  20. Q20Socio-economic functions across the Indian border makes its management more complex. Discuss with suitable examples.15 marks

The answers

Question 1 · 10 marks · 151 words written

What do you mean by off-budget borrowings? Discuss the various issues associated with them.

Opening · a constitutional or legal provision

Recently, central government under Article 293 directed to include off-budget borrowing as part of fiscal budget of States [Eg → Kerala].

Off Budget Borrowing refers to borrowings by subsidiaries of government, not included in fiscal budget of that year.

Body · points

Issues with off budget borrowing

  1. fiscal mismanagement → as not directly included in state's fiscal deficit [Eg → Borrowing through FCI, Coal India]

  2. high revenue expenditure over capital expenditure [Eg → Interest payment highest source of expenditure in Budget 2024.]

  3. Bypassing Parliamentary scrutiny [Eg → FRBM target surpassed by off budget borrowing]

  4. Inter-generational equity hampered [Eg → Borrowing reflected in budget of the upcoming year.]

  5. Reduced spending on Social expenditures [Eg → only 8.3% of GDP in India]

  6. Difficult for citizens to audit directly due to Lack of information

Diagram
- way forward - fiscal prudence while borrowing - **Third Party Audit** regularly - Proper disclosure of borrowings - fiscal discipline by state governments

Close · a way forward

States must ensure sustainable financing to ensure balanced development sustainably to realize development in Amrit kaal.