Arjun Gupta: GS4 answer copy

The questions

1. Q1जनता का विश्वास फिर से जीतने के लिए सरकार ने निष्पक्ष तरीके से मामले की जांच के लिए एक आयोग का गठन किया है। आप संयुक्त सचिव स्तर के अधिकारी हैं और आयोग के सदस्य के रूप में नियुक्त किए गए हैं। जांच के दौरान, आपने पाया कि भोजन-माता वास्तव में गलत नहीं थी। यह ठेकेदार ही था जो स्कूल को घटिया किस्म का कच्चा माल सप्लाई कर रहा था जिससे बच्चों में फूड प्वाइजनिंग हुई। आपने यह भी पाया कि खाद्य ठेकेदार एक शक्तिशाली कैबिनेट मंत्री का भाई था। आपको संदेह है कि जिला प्रशासन की ठेकेदार के साथ मिलीभगत थी और उन्होंने भोजन-माता को फंसाने और ठेकेदार को दोषमुक्त करने के लिए साठ-गांठ की। आप इन निष्कर्षों को आयोग के प्रमुख के सामने लाते हैं। आपके आश्चर्य के लिए, आयोग के प्रमुख ने आपको सूचित किया कि वह पहले से ही इन तथ्यों से अवगत थे। वे आपको सूचित करते हैं कि मंत्री ने उसे एक रिपोर्ट बनाने के लिए कहा है जो भोजन-माता को सही ठहराती है और विपक्ष के नेतृत्व वाले आंदोलन को दबाने के लिए उसे बहाल करती है। वह आपसे किसी और को खोजने के लिए कहता है जिसे यह सुनिश्चित करने के लिए दोषी ठहराया जा सकता है कि सरकार अपना चेहरा बचाने में सक्षम है क्योंकि एक मौजूदा कैबिनेट मंत्री के भाई को जिम्मेदार घोषित करने से सरकार को और परेशानी होगी। वह आपको यह भी बताता है कि सत्तारूढ़ सरकार की मदद करने से अंततः आपको मदद मिलेगी, सूक्ष्म रूप से 'प्लेम पोस्टिंग' प्राप्त करने के संकेत देते हुए और आपको यह भी चेतावनी देते हैं कि मंत्री की इच्छा के विरुद्ध जाने से मंत्री क्रोधित हो सकते हैं, जो आपके करियर के लिए हानिकारक हो सकता है। 1) इस स्थिति में आप किन विभिन्न नैतिक दुविधाओं का सामना करते हैं? 2) कार्रवाई के विभिन्न कदम क्या है जो आप ले सकते हैं? कार्रवाई के सबसे उपयुक्त कदम की पहचान करें और अपनी पसंद का औचित्य साबित करें। (20 अंक, 250 शब्द) वादा किया गया था कि अन्य सरकारी भर्तियों में 'कोरोना योद्धाओं' को वरीयता दी जाएगी। रश्मि ने अपने रोजगार की अवधि को तीन महीने बताते हुए एक अनुबंध पर हस्ताक्षर किए, जिसे बाद में तीन और महीनों के लिए बढ़ा दिया गया। एक साल बाद, चूंकि कोविड संक्रमण की संख्या में कमी आई, सरकार ने कई अस्थायी शिविरों को बंद कर दिया। टीकाकरण अभियान में भी गिरावट की प्रवृत्ति दिखाई दी क्योंकि अधिकांश आबादी को कम से कम एक खुराक के साथ टीका लगाया गया। इससे नर्सों, कंप्यूटर ऑपरेटरों और अन्य सहायक कर्मचारियों की आवश्यकता कम हो गई है। रश्मि को 15 दिन का नोटिस दिया गया और उनका संविदात्मक रोजगार समाप्त कर दिया गया। सरकार ने हवाला दिया है कि चूंकि कोविड की लहर कम हो गई है, अनुबंधित मानव संसाधन को बंद कर दिया जाएगा और बचाए गए धन का उपयोग देश में स्वास्थ्य के बुनियादी ढांचे को बढ़ाने के लिए किया जाएगा। रश्मि ने कोविड-19 की दूसरी लहर के दौरान मरीजों की देखभाल करते हुए अपनी पीड़ा को याद किया। वह लगातार रात की पाली करती थी जो आमतौर पर 12-13 घंटे तक चलती थी। ड्यूटी की पूरी अवधि के लिए पीपीई और मास्क की 3 परतों को पहनने से पानी पीने या वॉशरूम का उपयोग करने जैसे सरल कार्य बहुत कठिन हो गए थे। मरीजों के साथ व्यवहार करना, कुछ नाराज तो कुछ दुखी, एक भावनात्मक पीड़ा थी। रश्मि ने टीकाकरण अभियान में भी बहुत महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभाई, कभी-कभी प्रति दिन 400 से अधिक लोगों को टीका लगाया। कई कोरोना योद्धाओं को बीमारी का संक्रमण हुआ और अपनी ड्यूटी करते हुए उनकी मृत्यु हो गई। देश को महामारी से बचाने के लिए कोरोना योद्धाओं ने अपनी जान की बाजी लगा दी। लेकिन कॉन्ट्रैक्ट खत्म होने के बाद रश्मि को लगता है कि सरकार ने 'यूज एंड थ्रो' रवैये के साथ काम किया है। स्थायी सरकारी नौकरी की मांग को लेकर रश्मि समेत अन्य कोरोना योद्धाओं ने स्वास्थ्य मंत्रालय के पास धरना शुरू कर दिया है। इस मामले के आधार पर निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के उत्तर दीजिए : 1) इस मामले में शामिल विभिन्न नैतिक मुद्दे क्या हैं? 2) क्या आपको लगता है कि रश्मि का स्थायी सरकारी नौकरी की मांग करना जायज है? 3) क्या आपको लगता है कि सरकार का कोरोना योद्धाओं के ठेके खत्म करना जायज है? 4) अपने आप को संबंधित राज्य में स्वास्थ्य सचिव के पद पर विचार करें। मौजूदा मुद्दे को हल करने के लिए आप क्या करेंगे? (20 अंक, 250 शब्द) यह उसके अधीनस्थों के प्रेरणा स्तर को नकारात्मक रूप से प्रभावित कर रहा है। जयंत अपने अपमानजनक प्रदर्शन से वाकिफ है और उसे लगता है कि वह अपने निजी और पेशेवर जीवन दोनों में असफल हो रहा है। आप जयंत और सरिता के परस्पर मित्र हैं। एक दिन आपके पास एक व्यथित जयंत का फोन आया और उन्होंने आपसे इस मुद्दे पर आपकी सलाह मांगी। 1) संकट से निपटने के लिए जयंत के पास उपलब्ध विभिन्न विकल्पों की पहचान करने में मदद करें? इनमें से प्रत्येक विकल्प के गुण-दोषों की विवेचना कीजिए। 2) एक पारस्परिक मित्र के रूप में, आप इस मामले में जयंत और सरिता को क्या सलाह देंगे ताकि वे एक खुशहाल दंपति के रूप में वापस आ सकें? 3) जयंत जीवन में ऐसी संकट स्थितियों को संभालने के लिए आवश्यक गुणों को कैसे विकसित कर सकता है? (20 अंक, 250 शब्द)20 marks
2. Q1(a)Successful people are not those who did not fail, but those who persisted in turbulent times and kept moving after a failure. In light of this statement, examine the importance of adversity quotient in life. How can adversity quotient be developed?10 marks
3. Q1(b)'Strength does not come from physical capacity but from an indomitable will.' - Gandhi. What does strength mean to you and how far do you agree with the given statement? Discuss with suitable example.10 marks
4. Q21) संकट से निपटने के लिए जयंत के पास उपलब्ध विभिन्न विकल्पों की पहचान करने में मदद करें? इनमें से प्रत्येक विकल्प के गुण-दोषों की विवेचना कीजिए। 2) एक पारस्परिक मित्र के रूप में, आप इस मामले में जयंत और सरिता को क्या सलाह देंगे ताकि वे एक खुशहाल दंपति के रूप में वापस आ सकें? 3) जयंत जीवन में ऐसी संकट स्थितियों को संभालने के लिए आवश्यक गुणों को कैसे विकसित कर सकता है?
5. Q2(a)Differentiate between the following: (10 marks, 150 words) ii) Guilt Vs. Remorse10 marks
6. Q2(b)Good governance does not depend on laws, but upon the personal qualities of those who administer the law. Do you agree with this statement? Justify your view.10 marks
7. Q33) जयंत जीवन में ऐसी संकट स्थितियों को संभालने के लिए आवश्यक गुणों को कैसे विकसित कर सकता है? (20 अंक, 250 शब्द)20 marks
8. Q3(a)An active civil service is necessary but not sufficient; India also requires civil service activism for fulfilling the vision of 'justice, liberty and equality for all'. Analyze the statement citing relevant examples.10 marks
9. Q3(b)Educational institutions complement the role of the family and the society in shaping our values. Discuss. Can digital education perform this value inculcation function effectively?10 marks
10. Q4(a)Gendered attitudes convert differences in sexes into discriminations. Examine the factors responsible for negative attitudes toward women in the Indian society. How can these attitudes be changed?10 marks
11. Q4(b)How are ethical concerns and work culture of public institutions different from those of private institutions? Examine the desirability of adoption of work culture similar to private institutions.10 marks
12. Q5(a)Besides objectivity, civil servants also need empathy and compassion to effectively resolve various ethical dilemmas they face while discharging their responsibilities. Discuss with suitable examples.10 marks
13. Q5(b)Leadership is essentially a task of persuasion. How does ability to persuade others help civil servants in performing their duty? Identify five qualities that make civil servants effective agents of persuasion. Justify your choices.10 marks
14. Q6(a)What does each of the following quotations mean to you? Peace is not mere absence of war; it is presence of justice10 marks
15. Q6(b)'The world will not be destroyed by those who do evil, but by those who watch them without doing anything.'10 marks
16. Q6(c)'Happiness is a mysterious thing, to be found somewhere between too little and too much.'10 marks
17. Q7Sunshine electronics is a domestic mobile manufacturer and you are its CEO. Sunshine electronics has made an affordable 5g phone with over 80% domestically sourced components. It has spent a large amount of money for promotion of the phone. General public is excited about the new phone and the company has already received over 1 lakh pre-launch orders from various online shopping portals. The achievement of the company has also received recognition from the highest political level and has been cited as a successful example of Atma-Nirbhar Bharat. The Central Minister of Electronics and Information Technology is the chief guest in the launch event of the new mobile phone. Just a day before the launch of the new phone, you received a call from the Chief Technology Officer (CTO) of your company. He informs you that the US has banned Huwu Technologies Pvt. Ltd. from doing business in the USA and a similar ban is expected to be imposed by the EU in the next few days. The ban on Huwu is based on a report claiming that Huwu has been working very closely with the Chinese government and there are technical ‘backdoors’ in the components made by Huwu that allows it to spy on users of the devices that have these components. The new phone made by your company also uses a chip manufactured by Huwu. To fulfil the pre-orders in the shortest possible time, Sunshine Electronics has also manufactured around fifty thousand devices. Cancelling or postponing the launch event would be embarrassing for political dispensation and financially disastrous for your company. On the other hand, going ahead with the launch event would mean potentially risking the privacy and security of your customers. 1) On the basis of this case, identify the various ethical dilemmas involved. 2) What principles of corporate ethics would you consider while taking the decision in this case? 3) Examine various options available with you for handling the issue at hand. What will you do in the given case?20 marks
18. Q7(null)दूसरी ओर, लॉन्च के साथ आगे बढ़ने का मतलब संभावित रूप से आपके ग्राहक की गोपनीयता और सुरक्षा को खतरे में डालना होगा। 1) इस मामले के आधार पर, इसमें शामिल विभिन्न नैतिक दुविधाओं की पहचान करें। 2) इस मामले में निर्णय लेते समय आप कॉर्पोरेट नैतिकता के किन सिद्धांतों पर विचार करेंगे? 3) समस्या से निपटने के लिए आपके पास उपलब्ध विभिन्न विकल्पों की जांच करें। दिए गए मामले में आप क्या करेंगे? (20 अंक, 250 शब्द)20 marks
19. Q8Asanpur is a beautiful small district in Northern part of India. It used to be the hub of stone mining activity. However, excessive mining led to environmental degradation and rapid soil erosion while cutting of stone created air pollution hazard. Due to various detrimental impacts, NGT has imposed a ban on stone mining in Asanpur. Despite this ban, the mining mafia has been able to operate with connivance of corrupt government officials and politicians. Many officers have tried to stop this illegal mining, but the powerful mafia has either forced them to submit through force or bribed them or got them transferred through their political contacts. Last week, a DSP lost his life when he was trying to stop a truck carrying illegally mined stones. You recently got promoted and made the SP of Asanpur. Upon taking the charge, you quickly realized the gravity of the problem. Illegal mining was run by organized gangs in the district. It was also linked to other crimes in your city ranging from petty crimes like pick pocketing to serious offenses like kidnapping and murders. Illegal mining and related crime have negatively impacted socio-economic development of the district as youth are increasingly getting involved in the illegal activities and businesses are leaving the district due to high crime rates. You created a special task force and started taking stringent actions against the illegal mining in your district. In a short span of a few weeks you seized thirty dumpers carrying illegally mined stones. Public appreciated your stringent actions while the corrupt ecosystem created by illegal miners was rattled. One day, a junior officer approached you and informed you that he has been receiving threats from the illegal stone miners. He also informs you that others in the task force are also facing problems like someone in the task force is being harassed by reopening an old settled case against him while someone else has received a transfer order to a remote district. This has demotivated the taskforce and reminded them of the connections of illegal miners in the district. The same day, when you reach home, your wife tells you that she got a call from an unknown number threatening her of dire consequences if you do not stop your investigation. You fear that the call was from a member of the organized crime syndicate involved in the illegal mining activity. Your wife is worried about the safety of the family and requests you to be lenient in your work. In this situation, answer the following questions: 1) How will you motivate the task force to work with honesty in this adverse condition? 2) How would you justify putting your family at risk in line of your duty? 3) Identify the various dimensions of the crisis. Based on your understanding, suggest measures to deal with the crisis.20 marks
20. Q9Under the Mid- Day Meal (MDM) scheme, children are served cooked food in their school. It has been revolutionary in not only improving the nutritional status of children but also increasing the retention ratio in schools. However, the quality of food has been a cause of concern. In one of the unfortunate incidents, two students lost their lives and over thirty children fell ill after eating the MDM in their school. The district administration was quick in its action and fired the cook (bhojan-mata) of the concerned school. The bhojan-mata, who belongs to a backward caste, is the sole breadwinner in her family after her husband passed away. In an TV interview related to the incident, Bhojan-mata claimed that she is being made a scapegoat and being targeted only because she belongs to a backward caste. This created a political storm in the state. Opposition parties picked up the issue of social discrimination and started state-wide protest demanding justice for the bhojan-mata. The protest found resonance with the masses and the ruling party was severely criticized. To win back the confidence of the public, the government has constituted a commission to investigate the matter in an impartial manner. You are a joint secretary level officer and have been appointed as a member of the commission. During the investigation, you found that bhojan-mata was indeed not at fault. It was the contractor who was supplying poor quality raw materials to the school that caused the food poisoning in children. You also found that the food contractor was the brother of a powerful cabinet minister. You suspect that the district administration was hand-in-glove with the contractor and they connived to implicate bhojan-mata and exonerate the contractor. You brought these findings before the head of the commission. To your surprise, the head of the commission informs you that he was already aware of these facts. He informs you that the minister has asked him to make a report that vindicates the bhojan-mata and reinstates her in order to subdue the opposition led agitations. He asks you to find someone else who can be blamed to ensure that the government is able to save its face as declaring the brother of a sitting cabinet minister responsible would push the government further in trouble. He also tells you that that helping the ruling dispensation would ultimately help you, subtly giving hints of getting a ‘plum posting’ and also warns you that going against the wish of the minister can attract the wrath of the minister that can be disastrous for your career. 1) What are the various ethical dilemmas that you face in this situation? 2) What are the different courses of action that you can take? Identify the most suitable course of action and justify your choice.20 marks
21. Q10Rashmi is a trained nurse and has an experience of over 20 years. She joined as a contractual nurse in a government hospital during the second wave of Covid-19. At the peak of the second wave of Covid, the health system of the country crumbled under the large number of infections. There was a severe shortage of not only items like medicine, oxygen cylinders etc but also of trained staff. To address the bed shortage, many temporary covid camps were established and to cope up with the dearth of trained staff, the government started hiring on contractual basis. Many nurses, computer operators, sweepers and others in support staff were temporarily hired for the covid period in accordance with outsourcing policy for emergency services at government hospitals. Due to their immense contribution in fight against the pandemic, they were recognized as 'corona warriors'. During their hiring, a verbal promise was made to them that, 'corona warriors' would be given preference in other government hirings. Rashmi signed a contract stating the term of her employment as three months, which was subsequently extended for three more months and so on. After a year, as the number of covid infections have declined, the government has closed many of the temporary camps. Vaccination drive has also shown a decelerating trend as the majority of the population has been inoculated with at least one dose. This has reduced the requirement of nurses, computer operators and other supporting staff. Rashmi was served a 15 day notice and her contractual employment was terminated. Government has cited that since covid wave has subsided, health infrastructure in the country. [Note: The source text appears to be missing text here.] Rashmi recalls her ordeal while taking care of patients during the second wave of Covid-19. She did continuous night shifts which usually stretched to 12-13 hours. Wearing PPE and 3 layers of masks made simple tasks like drinking water or using the washroom very difficult. Dealing with patients, some angry while others grieving, was an emotional drain. Rashmi also played a very important role in the vaccination drive, sometimes vaccinating more than 400 people per day. Many corona warriors contracted disease and died while doing their duty. Corona warriors have put their life on the line to save the country from the pandemic. But after termination of the contract, Rashmi feels that the government has acted with a 'use and throw' attitude. Rashmi and other corona warriors have started protesting near the health ministry, demanding permanent government employment. On the basis of this case, answer the following questions: 1) What are the various ethical issues involved in this case? 2) Do you think Rashmi is justified in demanding a permanent government job? 3) Do you think the government is justified in terminating the contracts of corona warriors? 4) Consider yourself in the position of Health secretary in the concerned state. What would you do to address the issue at hand?20 marks
22. Q11Abha is currently working as the DM of a district. One day, she went to a village for inspecting the progress of a certain village development project. Abha was not satisfied with the pace of the work and wanted to talk with the Sarpanch of the village about the same. Abha went to the panchayat office where she found the Sarpanch standing just outside the office. The Sarpanch greeted Abha and offered her a seat. Abha sat down and started discussing the matter with the Sarpanch. She noticed that Sarpanch was still standing. She thought that Sarpanch was not sitting because of hesitation or out of respect for the officer. She requested him to take a seat but he reluctantly sat on a wooden stool. Abha jokingly asked him if he liked the stool so much that he chose it instead of a chair, to which the Sarpanch replied that he was not allowed to sit on a chair as he belonged to a Dalit community. Abha was taken aback by this response. Abha enquired further about the issue. The sarpanch explained that since the Sarpanch position was reserved for SC community, he won the election. But despite being the official head of the panchayat, he did not have any power. He was neither allowed to enter the panchayat office nor was given access to official documents. A separate water pot was kept for him outside the office and he was not allowed to use the common water pot. He worked as a rubber stamp who merely signed the given document. He went on to tell Abha that last year he was not even allowed to hoist the national flag during the Independence Day celebration. Abha was shocked about hearing the kind of discrimination that the Sarpanch faced. On the basis of this case study answer the following questions: 1) Why do caste-based discriminations still persist even after 75 years of independence? 2) Examine the various ethical issues involved in this case. 3) Identify various stakeholders and their responsibilities for creating an egalitarian society.20 marks
23. Q12Jayant is a hard-working and dedicated IAS officer. He is currently posted in a remote district in North-East India. Jayant is married to Sarita who used to work as a software engineer before her marriage. Sarita is a well-educated and ambitious woman who wants to be known by her name and not only as the wife of IAS officer Jayant. Sarita wants to restart her career and has been searching for a suitable job for some time. She has found a good job in an MNC that pays well, but she will have to move to Bangalore for it. Sarita wants to take up this opportunity but Jayant's mother does not want Sarita to move to Bangalore. Jayant also wants Sarita to stay with him so that they can have kids and start their family. Sarita proposes that Jayant move with him to Bangalore as she will get a salary that is substantially more than Jayant's. Jayant and his mother found this proposal of- fending. Further, Jayant does not want to leave the job that he has dreamed of since his childhood and for which he has toiled hard. The entire issue has become a reason for daily fights between Sarita and Jayant, and has taken a toll on their married life. The issues in personal life of Jayant have creeped into his professional life as well. He is not able to concentrate on his work which has resulted in his poor performance. Just a few days back, Jayant made a blunder and was scolded by his senior for being absent-minded in his work. His behaviour in office has also changed. Now Jayant gets easily irritated and often talks rudely with the staff in the office. This is negatively impacting the motivation level of his subordinates. Jayant is aware of his degrading performance and he thinks that he is failing both in his personal and professional life. You are a mutual friend of Jayant and Sarita. One day you received a call from a distressed Jayant and he asks you for your advice on this issue. 1) Help Jayant identify different options available with him to cope with the crisis? Discuss the merits and demerits of each of these options. 2) As a mutual friend, what advice would you give to Jayant and Sarita in this case so that they can return back to being a happy couple? 3) How can Jayant develop the qualities that are required to handle such crisis situations in life?20 marks

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