Besides objectivity, civil servants also need empathy and compassion to effectively resolve various ethical dilemmas they face while discharging their responsibilities. Discuss with suitable examples.

Objectivity:

1. Objectivity is defined as the process of decision making based on objective evaluations and facts and documents on record.

2. According to Figure I, it is [core piece] of puzzle of ethical decision making.

3. How it helps resolve ethical dilemmas:

4. By elimination of biases and prejudices, hence, decisions taken according to ethical theories.

5. For example, objective assessment of [prima facie principles] leads to decisions being taken in best interest of society. (WD ROSS)

6. Objective assessment of duty leads to decisions being taken according to [deontology]. Eg: Agile decision making - Economic Survey 2022

EMPATHY and COMPASSION:

1. [Empathy] is putting oneself into shoes of others and understand their beliefs / pain / etc.

2. Compassion is "common passion" with suffering, etc.

3. [How it helps resolve ethical dilemma]:

4. By creating awareness about pain of others. Eg: IAS officer [Swarochish Somvanshi] [removed] [AC from his office] at the time of [heat wave] in the region.

5. By helping create a feeling of common consciousness.

6. By realisation of [shared destiny] of the nation.