UPSC current affairs · Tuesday

Current Affairs, 23 June 2026

3 issues picked from 31 PIB releases · about 2 minutes each · written by UPSC Grade, each fact checked against its PIB release or by a second model

How to readRead “Why in news” and “What it is” for every issue. Open For Prelims or For Mains for the exam you’re preparing for, then Test yourself at the foot of each card. Half the news questions in Prelims are answered from background, not the news itself.

In 60 seconds

Critical and Strategic Mineral Blocks auctions. Seventh tranche lifts critical mineral blocks auctioned to 56; Exploration Licence blocks reach 11.
El Niño and the Indian Monsoon. INCOIS issues first El Niño bulletin warning of ocean heat, coral bleaching, fish decline.
PARIVARTAN Scheme (Delhi-NCR vehicle replacement). BharatBenz maker DICV signs MoU offering 8% discount under Delhi-NCR old truck and bus replacement scheme.

Economy

Critical and Strategic Mineral Blocks auctions

GS3 Economy / MiningPrelims and Mains

Why in news: On 23 June 2026 the Ministry of Mines said 10 more critical mineral blocks were auctioned in the Seventh Tranche, taking the total to 56. It also reported the Second Tranche of Exploration Licence auctions, bringing those blocks to 11.
What it is: The Critical and Strategic Mineral Blocks auctions are tranche-wise e-auctions of mineral blocks run by the Ministry of Mines with State governments. They aim to build domestic supply of minerals needed for clean energy, electronics and defence, and to cut import dependence. Blocks are offered as Composite Licences (exploration plus mining) or Mining Leases.

Tranche size: The 8th Tranche has 20 mineral blocks: 17 Composite Licence blocks and 3 Mining Lease blocks, across nine States.
Auction record so far: 88 critical and strategic mineral blocks have been offered, and 56 have been successfully auctioned.
Minerals on offer: Blocks include graphite, rare earth elements, vanadium, gallium, titanium, molybdenum, tungsten, potash, phosphorite and glauconite.
Exploration support: The NMEDT scheme partially reimburses exploration expenses of Composite Licence holders.
Unified Mining Portal: The portal is meant to ease doing business and coordinate Centre and States for faster approvals and operationalisation.
Legal basis: Auctions of mineral blocks are conducted under the Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957, as amended in 2015 and 2023.
Size of the eighth tranche: 20 blocks are on offer: 13 newly identified and 7 under the Second Attempt.
Cumulative progress: Across all tranches, 88 critical mineral blocks have been offered and 56 auctioned so far, as stated by the Ministry's Secretary.
Auction method: Online two-stage ascending forward auction. The preferred bidder is the one quoting the highest percentage of the value of mineral dispatched.
Total auctioned: 56 critical and strategic mineral blocks have been auctioned out of 88 unique blocks taken up by the Centre, a success rate of over 63%.
Seventh Tranche: The NIT was issued on 23 March 2026 offering 19 blocks. Ten were auctioned, with first-time blocks in Gujarat, Uttarakhand and Telangana.
Exploration Licence: The second EL tranche extended the framework to Arunachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Odisha for the first time. Cumulative EL blocks auctioned by the Centre are 11.
Minerals in tranche: The Seventh Tranche included graphite, rare earth elements, vanadium, titanium, glauconite and rock phosphate.
Who gets the revenue: Auction revenue goes to the State Governments where the blocks lie, even though the Centre conducts the auction.
Insurance Surety Bond: The Mineral (Auction) Amendment Rules, 2026 allow an Insurance Surety Bond as an alternative to bank guarantees.
Post-auction timelines: The Mineral (Auction) Second Amendment Rules, 2025 streamlined the timelines for performance security, upfront payment and Letter of Intent.

Don’t confuse with Composite Licence vs Mining Lease: A Composite Licence covers both exploration (prospecting) and mining; a Mining Lease is for mining in an already explored block.

Don’t confuse with NMET vs NMEDT: The National Mineral Exploration Trust (NMET) funds exploration; the release names the NMEDT scheme for partial reimbursement of exploration costs for Composite Licence holders. Check the exact name when it is asked.

Don’t confuse with Exploration Licence vs Composite Licence: An Exploration Licence is for exploration of critical and deep-seated minerals. A Composite Licence covers both exploration and mining in one grant.

Don’t confuse with Mining Lease vs Composite Licence: A Mining Lease allows mining of a block that is already explored. A Composite Licence covers exploration first and then mining in one grant.

Don’t confuse with Forward vs reverse auction: In a forward auction, bidders compete upward, as here on the percentage of value of mineral dispatched. In a reverse auction, bidders compete downward on price.

Economy terms and data: 42 Prelims questions since 2013, rising in recent years; they test what a term or instrument means. In Mains, 12 news-triggered questions.

Why it matters

Builds domestic supply of minerals for clean energy, electronics and strategic industries, reducing import dependence.
Brings in private investment and State participation through transparent e-auctions.
Builds domestic supply of minerals for clean energy, electronics and defence, cutting import dependence.
Draws private investment and brings in State revenue through auction premiums.
Builds domestic supply of minerals needed for clean energy, electronics and defence, cutting import dependence.
Opens new states to exploration and draws private and public sector participation.
Builds domestic supply of minerals for clean energy, electronics and defence, and cuts import dependence.
Gives States revenue and draws private investment into exploration and mining.

Problems

Many auctioned blocks are slow to start production; 32 of the 88 offered blocks were not auctioned.
Moving from mining to processing and refining needs technology and supply chain capacity.
Many blocks go unsold, so a Second Attempt is needed: 56 of 88 auctioned.
Exploration risk, environmental and forest clearances, and local community concerns can delay mining.
Only about 63% of blocks offered found bidders, so some blocks stay unsold.
Auctioning a block does not ensure quick production, since clearances, exploration risk and processing capacity remain hurdles.
Limited availability and geographical concentration of critical minerals make supply chains fragile.
Blocks can stay unoperationalised because of delays in clearances, so auctions may not turn into output.

Way forward

Speed up clearances through the Unified Mining Portal and regular Centre-State reviews.
Link exploration support and auctions to processing, refining and value addition.
Do more exploration so that blocks come with better data and draw more bids.
Pair mining with processing, refining and recycling to build the full value chain.
Strengthen exploration data, and processing and refining capacity along with auctions.
Speed up clearances and give states a clear role, in line with the National Critical Mineral Mission.
Speed up post-auction approvals and keep simplifying auction rules.
Pair auctions with exploration, processing and recycling capacity.

Put in your answer

Value chain push: Officials stress moving beyond mining to processing, refining and value addition for resilient supply chains.

Auction progress: 88 critical mineral blocks offered across tranches, 56 auctioned: a data point on the reform's uptake and its limits.

Rare metal block: A West Bengal block offers lithium, cesium and rubidium, relevant to battery supply chains.

National Critical Mineral Mission: The auctions are cited as supporting the National Critical Mineral Mission's aim of cutting import dependence and building a pipeline of assets.

MMDR Act amendment, 2023: The amendment notified 24 critical and strategic minerals and enabled Central auctions of their leases and licences.

No practice question for this one; the card may still help an answer. Why: Lasting topic on file; seventh tranche brings 56 blocks auctioned. Mostly routine progress data, so no question likely.

Source: PIB, Ministry of Mines, 23 Jun, 16:31 IST · Release 290415

Issue page →

Worth revising until Prelims 2028: most news questions come within two years of the event.

Environment

El Niño and the Indian Monsoon

GS1 Geography - ClimatologyPrelims and Mains

Why in news: On 22 June 2026, INCOIS released its first specialized El Niño bulletin for maritime sectors, warning of Indian Ocean heating, marine stress and a rough Bay of Bengal. The release was posted on 23 June 2026.
What it is: El Niño is the periodic warming of the central and eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean, part of the ENSO cycle. It weakens the Walker circulation and usually reduces Indian summer monsoon rainfall. The India Meteorological Department, under the Ministry of Earth Sciences, issues the official monsoon forecasts.

First Stage forecast: IMD's first long range forecast, issued on 13 April 2026, predicted below-normal rainfall at 92% of the LPA.
Second Stage forecast: The forecast was revised to 90% of the LPA, with El Niño conditions expected to develop.
El Niño onset: Weak El Niño formed in June 2026 and strengthened to moderate.
El Niño and monsoon link: In an El Niño event the Indian summer monsoon is generally weaker than normal, and the event's intensity decides how large the impact is.
Historical record: Of 16 El Niño years since 1950, 7 saw below-normal Indian monsoon rainfall.
Timing of the effect: The inverse relationship between El Niño and rainfall is stronger in the later half of the season, especially September.
No district risk study: The Ministry has issued no district-wise El Niño risk assessment or guidelines to States for 2026.
No 'Super El Nino' category: Neither the WMO nor IMD officially defines a 'Super El Nino'. The term is informal.
How strength is classified: El Nino events are classed as weak, moderate, strong or very strong by the size of sea surface temperature anomalies over the equatorial central Pacific.
2026 progression: El Nino was weak in June 2026 and became moderate in July 2026.
Outlook: It may reach the very strong category in October–December 2026, but its impact on India depends on coupled ocean–atmosphere conditions, of which El Nino is one factor.
Impact-Based Forecasts: IMD issues Impact-Based Forecasts and risk-based warnings daily, valid for 7 days, for disaster authorities and States.
Walker circulation: El Nino weakens the Walker circulation, an east-west atmospheric circulation over the tropical Pacific.
Peak of the event: The ongoing El Niño is expected to peak in winter, from November 2026 to January 2027.
Thermal stress: The Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal are likely to face thermal stress, most in March-May 2027. This may bleach corals and cause marine heat waves.
Fisheries impact: Sardine and mackerel catches may fall as fish migrate or fewer young fish join the stock.
East and west coast contrast: The Bay of Bengal will stay rough in the monsoon, raising erosion and flood risk on the east coast. The Arabian Sea and west coast should be calmer.
Next bulletin: INCOIS will issue the next specialized bulletin in the second week of July 2026.
Parent body: INCOIS is the Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services, Hyderabad, under the Ministry of Earth Sciences.

Don’t confuse with El Niño vs La Niña: El Niño is warming of the central and eastern Pacific and usually weakens the Indian monsoon. La Niña is cooling and usually favours it.

Don’t confuse with ENSO vs Indian Ocean Dipole: ENSO is a Pacific phenomenon. The IOD is the temperature difference across the Indian Ocean, and a positive IOD can offset El Niño's effect on the monsoon.

Don’t confuse with El Niño vs Indian Ocean Dipole: El Niño is a Pacific phenomenon. The Indian Ocean Dipole is a sea-surface temperature difference across the Indian Ocean; a positive IOD can offset El Niño's effect on the monsoon.

Don’t confuse with El Nino vs La Nina: El Nino is warming of the central and eastern equatorial Pacific and usually weakens the Indian monsoon. La Nina is cooling there and usually favours good monsoon rainfall.

Don’t confuse with El Nino vs Indian Ocean Dipole: El Nino is a Pacific phenomenon. The Indian Ocean Dipole is a temperature difference between the western and eastern Indian Ocean. A positive IOD can offset El Nino's effect on the monsoon.

Don’t confuse with INCOIS vs IMD: INCOIS gives ocean advisories such as sea state and fishing zones. IMD issues weather and monsoon forecasts.

Environment: Prelims tests bodies, programmes and the law behind them; Mains asks why plans fall short.

Why it matters

The monsoon drives kharif output, reservoir storage and rural incomes, so El Niño years raise risks to farm output and food prices.
Accurate early forecasts help the Centre and States plan for drought and crops.
Monsoon rainfall drives kharif output, reservoir levels and rural incomes, so early forecasts help planning.
Advance El Niño guidance supports farm, water and food-price management.
Monsoon rainfall drives kharif output, rural incomes, reservoir levels and food inflation, so early El Nino warnings help planning.
Early ocean advisories help fishers and ports plan work and cut losses.
Links El Niño to marine ecosystems, coastal safety and the blue economy, not only rainfall.

Problems

Rainfall is unevenly spread: the all-India figure hides deficits in 47% of districts.
Dry spells, low soil moisture and low reservoir levels stress rain-fed crops.
Not every El Niño year gives a deficient monsoon (7 of 16 since 1950), so forecasts carry uncertainty.
No district-level risk assessment or State guidelines exist for 2026 El Niño impacts.
El Nino does not fully decide monsoon outcomes, so forecasts carry uncertainty, as the reply notes.
Warming seas bleach corals and cut fish catch, hurting coastal livelihoods.
Advisories must reach small fishers in time and in local languages.

Way forward

Use sub-divisional IMD alerts for contingency crop planning and water management.
Promote drought-tolerant crops and efficient irrigation in deficient regions.
Build district-wise risk and impact assessments linked to IMD and IITM forecasts.
Link forecasts to crop advisories and dam management for local action.
Use IMD's impact-based forecasts and advisories for crop planning, water management and drought preparedness in States.
Strengthen last-mile delivery of ocean advisories to fishing communities.
Invest in coastal protection and reef monitoring on the east coast.

Put in your answer

El Niño impacts: Implications include prolonged dry spells, localized meteorological drought, lower soil moisture, and stress on rain-fed crops and reservoirs.

El Niño record since 1950: 7 of 16 El Niño years had below-normal monsoon rainfall, showing the link is strong but not certain.

Forecast reply: IMD says El Nino is only one factor among coupled ocean–atmosphere conditions shaping the monsoon.

Coastal impact contrast: Use the east coast versus west coast contrast as an example of how El Niño effects vary regionally.

No practice question for this one; the card may still help an answer. Why: El Niño is an on-file topic; INCOIS bulletin on marine heat and fish catch adds a new angle. Concept is asked, but this release lacks testable facts.

Source: PIB, Ministry of Earth Science, 23 Jun, 17:55 IST · Release 290421

Issue page →

Worth revising until Prelims 2028: most news questions come within two years of the event.

Scheme

PARIVARTAN Scheme (Delhi-NCR vehicle replacement)

GS3 Environment and pollutionGS2 Government schemesPrelims and Mains

Why in news: On 23 June 2026, MoRTH signed an MoU with Daimler India Commercial Vehicles (BharatBenz) under the scheme to replace old trucks and buses in Delhi-NCR. DICV joins six other manufacturers already signed up.
What it is: PARIVARTAN is a Cabinet-approved scheme to replace over 2 lakh old trucks and buses meeting BS-IV or older norms in Delhi and NCR districts of Haryana, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh. Owners get loan, tax, price and fuel or cash incentives to buy BS-VI or electric vehicles. The aim is to cut transport air pollution and emissions.

Event: MoRTH and the Delhi Government hold the Mela at the Vehicle Inspection Unit near DTO Burari, North Delhi, on 28 October 2026.
Participants: OEMs and dealers, scrapping facilities (RVSFs), banks, NBFCs, oil marketing companies and city gas distribution entities will give guidance on scrapping, finance, purchase and fuel benefits.
Incentives: Minimum 8% OEM discount, 5% interest subvention on loans, 100% road tax concession for 10 years, one-time EV benefits, monthly fuel vouchers and registration fee waiver, as applicable.
Registrations: About 40,000 beneficiaries have registered on the PARIVARTAN portal so far.
Funding and implementation: Funded through NCRPB under MoHUA; implemented by MoRTH.
Outlay: Total outlay ₹9,585 crore, of which ₹5,041 crore is central budgetary support.
Fuel vouchers / EV incentive: BS-VI diesel/CNG buyers get monthly fuel vouchers of ₹1,200-4,800 for five years; EV buyers get a one-time ₹64,000 to ₹2.56 lakh.
Implementation and funding: MoRTH is the implementing ministry. Funding is routed through the NCRPB.
Incentive package: Incentives include 5% interest subvention on loans, a minimum 8% OEM discount, tax concessions, registration fee waivers, fuel vouchers and one-time aid for electric vehicles and CoD trading.
State notifications: Rajasthan, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and Delhi notified a ten-year Motor Vehicle Tax concession and registration fee waiver.
OEM MoUs: 11 OEMs with over 95% of commercial vehicle market share signed MoUs with MoRTH to give the discount.
Digital platform: An integrated platform links VAHAN, V-Scrap, DigiELV, PFMS, lenders and fuel voucher systems.
OEM discount: Under the MoU, DICV will give an 8 per cent discount on the ex-showroom price of eligible trucks and buses.
Electric vehicle cap: For electric vehicles, the discount is capped at the discount for an ICE vehicle of the same GVW category.
Central support: The Centre gives 5 per cent interest subvention and fixed monthly fuel vouchers for five years.
State support: Participating states give up to 100 per cent motor vehicle tax concession for ten years and waive registration fees.
Manufacturers on board: Ashok Leyland, Switch Mobility, Tata Motors, Mahindra and Mahindra and SML Mahindra signed earlier; together they hold 85% of the truck and bus market.
Tata Motors MoU: MoRTH signed an MoU with Tata Motors for the replacement scheme in the Delhi-NCR region.
Other OEMs: Ashok Leyland and Switch Mobility signed earlier in the week. With Tata, the three hold about 50% of the truck and bus market.
Funding and implementing bodies: Funded through NCRPB under MoHUA; implemented by MoRTH and MoPNG with Delhi, Haryana, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh.
Beneficiaries: About 2.07 lakh owners: 1.91 lakh trucks and 16,329 buses.
Scrapping rule: BS-III or older vehicles must be scrapped at registered facilities; BS-IV vehicles may be scrapped or sold outside NCR in non-NCAP cities or towns.
Central benefits: 5% interest subvention on loans for five years and monthly fuel vouchers up to Rs 4,800.
Monitoring: An Empowered Committee chaired by the Cabinet Secretary monitors it; District Collectors/Magistrates implement at district level.

Don’t confuse with PARIVARTAN vs Vehicle Scrappage Policy: The national Vehicle Scrappage Policy (2021) sets up scrapping and fitness rules for old vehicles. PARIVARTAN is a Delhi-NCR scheme giving financial incentives for replacing old trucks and buses.

Don’t confuse with PARIVARTAN vs PM E-DRIVE: PARIVARTAN is a Delhi-NCR scheme to replace old BS-IV trucks and buses; PM E-DRIVE is a national scheme promoting electric vehicles.

Don’t confuse with MoHUA vs MoRTH: MoHUA approved the guidelines, but MoRTH implements the scheme.

Don’t confuse with NCRPB vs CAQM: NCRPB is a statutory planning body that channels the funds. It is not the Commission for Air Quality Management.

Don’t confuse with OEM discount vs government incentives: The 8% discount comes from the manufacturer. Interest subvention and fuel vouchers come from the Centre. Tax and registration relief come from states.

Don’t confuse with BS-IV vs BS-VI: These are Bharat Stage emission norms; BS-VI is stricter. India moved directly from BS-IV to BS-VI in 2020.

Schemes: 52 Prelims questions since 2013, 10 in Prelims 2026 alone. They test features, the period and who funds it. In Mains, 33 news-triggered questions, mostly GS3.

Why it matters

Targets old, high-emitting diesel trucks and buses, a major source of Delhi-NCR air pollution.
Links scrapping, finance and fuel players, which can speed up fleet renewal.
Faster removal of old polluting heavy vehicles can cut transport emissions in the Delhi-NCR airshed.
Targets old, high-emitting heavy vehicles, a major source of NCR transport pollution.
Pairs scrappage with clean-vehicle uptake, supporting BS-VI and EV transition.
Cuts emissions from old heavy vehicles, a major source of Delhi-NCR air pollution.
Pushes adoption of BS-VI and electric commercial vehicles and supports the auto sector.
Faster retirement of BS-IV and older heavy vehicles can cut particulate and NOx emissions in the NCR.
Manufacturer participation lowers buyer cost and speeds up the shift to BS-VI and electric vehicles.
Targets a big pollution source: trucks and buses are 36% of transport PM2.5 with 3% of the fleet.
Combines Centre, State and manufacturer incentives, which makes replacement more affordable for owners.
Supports the shift to BS-VI and electric vehicles and formal scrapping.

Problems

Small truck and bus owners may find upfront costs and paperwork hard even with subsidies.
Low uptake: about 40,000 registrations so far against a target of over 2 lakh vehicles.
Owners of old commercial vehicles may find the upfront cost and loan access hard despite incentives.
Scheme covers only NCR, so older vehicles may shift to other regions.
Small truck and bus owners may find it hard to finance replacement even with subsidies.
Depends on consistent state action and on scrapping old vehicles properly rather than reselling them elsewhere.
Smaller owners may find the cost of a new vehicle hard to meet even with incentives.
Success depends on states giving tax and fee relief, and on scrapping the old vehicles rather than reselling them elsewhere.
Small fleet owners may still struggle with the upfront cost even after the discounts.
Success depends on states offering tax and fee relief and on scrapping old vehicles properly.
Small truck operators may still find the upfront cost and loan access hard even with incentives.
Sale of BS-IV vehicles outside NCR may only move pollution to other cities.
Vehicles are only one source; dust, biomass burning and industry also drive NCR pollution.

Way forward

Run outreach camps and simplify the portal to raise registrations.
Expand charging and clean-fuel infrastructure so replacement vehicles are practical.
Strengthen scrapping and registration checks so replaced vehicles leave the road.
Expand charging and CNG infrastructure along freight corridors.
Ensure transparent digital delivery and verified scrapping through V-Scrap and DigiELV.
Expand charging and clean-fuel infrastructure for electric and CNG replacements.
Ensure certified scrapping and tracking of replaced vehicles.
Build charging infrastructure and easy finance for small operators.
Ensure verified scrapping of old vehicles through registered scrapping facilities.
Expand charging infrastructure and bring more manufacturers into the scheme.
Strengthen scrapping and vehicle-testing infrastructure and enforce against old vehicles.
Expand EV charging and CNG supply along freight corridors.
Use the digital portal to track real emission cuts and pair the scheme with action on other pollution sources.

Put in your answer

Incentive package: Cite the mix of OEM discount, interest subvention and road tax concession as an example of demand-side incentives for cleaner transport.

Outlay: Rs 9,585 crore total, with Rs 5,041 crore from the Centre.

Industry buy-in: 11 OEMs with over 95% of commercial vehicle market share signed MoUs.

Incentive design: The scheme combines OEM discount, central interest subvention and fuel vouchers, and state tax relief, an example of centre-state-industry cooperation on air pollution.

Layered incentive design: The scheme combines OEM discount, central interest subvention and fuel vouchers, and state tax waivers, a useful example of cooperative federalism in pollution control.

Transport share of NCR pollution: ARAI-TERI 2018 source apportionment: transport contributes 14% of PM2.5, 40% of CO and 63% of NOx in Delhi-NCR.

Test yourself

True or false?

1 of 19

Statements the way Prelims prints them. Say first, then see the fact.

1.The scheme targets replacement of trucks and buses conforming to BS-IV or older norms.
2.The scheme is funded through the National Capital Region Planning Board under the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs.
3.The scheme is implemented by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change.
4.Eligible buyers get a 100% road tax waiver for 10 years.
5.Buyers of electric vehicles receive monthly fuel vouchers for five years.
6.Participating OEMs are to give a discount of at least 8% on the ex-showroom price.
7.The Ministry of Road Transport and Highways is the implementing ministry for the PARIVARTAN Scheme.
8.Funding for the scheme is routed through the Central Pollution Control Board.
9.The scheme provides a 5% interest subvention on loans taken to buy replacement vehicles.
10.The scheme has a total outlay of Rs 9,585 crore, including central budgetary support of Rs 5,041 crore.
11.The states granted Motor Vehicle Tax concession for five years under the scheme.
12.The scheme's digital platform is to interface with VAHAN and the Public Financial Management System.
13.The scheme is implemented mainly by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change.
14.Owners of BS-IV trucks and buses may either scrap them or sell them outside NCR in non-NCAP cities or towns.
15.The Centre provides a 5% interest subvention on loans for five years under the scheme.
16.State governments may give up to 100% motor vehicle tax concession on used replacement vehicles.
17.Participating vehicle manufacturers are to offer an 8% discount on ex-showroom prices.
18.In Delhi, buses bought under the scheme may be BS-VI diesel or CNG.
19.The Empowered Committee monitoring the scheme is chaired by the Cabinet Secretary.

Written by us from the release, not by UPSC; checked by a second model.

Source: PIB, Ministry of Road Transport & Highways, 23 Jun, 18:10 IST · Release 290425

Issue page →

Worth revising until Prelims 2028: most news questions come within two years of the event.

Quick facts

PM Rashtriya Bal Puraskar honours children aged 5 to 18 in six categories and is presented on Veer Bal Diwas (26 December).
NHAI signed an MoU with NCAER to set up a research centre on the economics of transportation, mobility and logistics.

Source: PIB, 23 Jun

What we left out: 26 of 31 releases

Same issue as another release (2)
Speeches without a decision (4)
Ceremonies and campaigns (11)
Routine meetings (2)
Routine naval visits (2)
Routine port events (1)
Routine monthly data (3)
Rebuttals without new decision (1)

Practise the day’s news

In UPSC’s formats, inside each issue. The answer and why come after you choose.

1PARIVARTAN Scheme (Delhi-NCR vehicle replacement)MCQ · 19 true or false · Mains

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