A topper · GS3 · 56 pages

Vaibhavi Agrawal: GS3 answer copy

18 answers by Vaibhavi Agrawal, as written in the test. Each question opens a page with how other toppers answered it.

The questions

  1. Q1Analyse the factors that have contributed to India's inclusive economic growth in the past decade.10 marks
  2. Q2The Reserve Bank of India’s surplus transfers offer the government much-needed fiscal space, yet they are not without challenges. Critically examine the implications of the RBI’s surplus transfers to the government.10 marks
  3. Q3To what extent was the first National Monetization Pipeline (NMP) able to meet its objectives? What are the objectives of the new Asset Monetization Plan 2025–30 as announced in the recent 2025 Budget?10 marks
  4. Q4Examine the major challenges hindering the Indian textile industry from achieving its full potential in the global value chain.10 marks
  5. Q5Why has India become increasingly import-dependent for edible oils despite being a major agricultural economy?10 marks
  6. Q6Air accidents are low-frequency but high-impact events. Examine the disaster management protocols in place for aviation-related emergencies in India.10 marks
  7. Q7Chemical pollution poses a grave threat to human health and the environment in India. Discuss the key sources contributing to pervasive chemical contamination and evaluate the effectiveness of existing environmental laws in curbing this problem.10 marks
  8. Q8Missile defence systems are becoming critical for national security in the face of evolving regional threats and advanced weapon technologies. Explain the working principle of missile defence systems. Critically assess India's progress in developing indigenous missile defence capabilities.10 marks
  9. Q9Despite multiple resolutions and initiatives undertaken by the United Nations Security Council (UNSC), its efforts to counter terrorism have achieved limited success. Discuss the reasons for this limited effectiveness.10 marks
  10. Q10India practices a 'multi-alignment' approach in its cyber diplomacy. How does this posture strengthen India's internal security while maintaining strategic autonomy?15 marks
  11. Q11While examining the shortcomings of the land reforms in the past, elaborate what land reforms 2.0 should look like.15 marks
  12. Q12As NITI Aayog completes 10 years of its establishment, critically examine its role in the planning and development paradigm of governance in India.15 marks
  13. Q13What are the primary causes of limited formal credit penetration among the rural and unbanked populations in India? Comment on the effectiveness of Small Finance Banks in addressing this gap and advancing inclusive financial growth.
  14. Q14To what extent has the Production Linked Incentive Scheme for the food processing industry facilitated value addition, employment generation, and global competitiveness in India's food processing industry?15 marks
  15. Q15Waste circularity is emerging as a sustainable solution to India's mounting solid waste crisis. Discuss the key principles of waste circularity and the government's initiative in this regard. How effective have these measures been in fostering a circular economy?15 marks
  16. Q16Discuss the importance of integrating traditional ecological knowledge of India's tribal communities with modern disaster management frameworks. Mention two examples where indigenous practices have contributed to disaster resilience.15 marks
  17. Q17CRISPR technology has rapidly advanced in recent years, with new tools and clinical breakthroughs. Highlight the recent developments in CRISPR-based gene editing technology applications. Discuss the opportunities and ethical challenges these advancements present for healthcare and society.15 marks
  18. Q19Intricate inter-play of diverse factors has been the force multipliers for extremism in the North East. Discuss. Suggest a multilayered strategy to tackle the menace of extremism in this region.15 marks

The answers

Question 1 · 10 marks · 163 words written

Analyse the factors that have contributed to India's inclusive economic growth in the past decade.

Opening · a figure

India has become from 18th largest economy to the 4th largest economy globally in the past decade with rise in per capita income as well.

Factors that have contributed to India's inclusive economic growth:-

Body · points

  1. Increase in employment and opportunity to people.

  2. Rise in labour force participation (LFPR) ratio from 40% (in 2015) to 60% in 2024.

  3. Women empowerment, nudge to women to work and contribute to economy. Female LFPR increased from 23% to 41%.

  4. Help to the manufacturing sector specially MSME (Mudra Loan)

  5. Increase in capital formation and investments

Challenges / limitations:-

  1. Stagnant nature of Manufacturing sector with just ~20% to the GDP. (less labour intensive sector)

  2. Huge income inequality

Diagram
Pyramid showing income levels: Top 1%: ₹ 50 LPA, Top 1% earns 22% of national income Top 10%: ₹ 13 LPA Middle 40%: ₹ 1 LPA Bottom 50%: ₹ 77,000 PA

Ref: OXFAM report

  1. Huge wealth inequality: top 1% own 40% of wealth, top 0.1% own 30%, top 0.01% own 22% and top 0.001% own 16%.

Close · a way forward

Way forward: We need inclusive growth (not trickle down approach). Need of the hour is skill development and employment opportunity.