AIR 40 · CSE 2021 · Sociology II · 82 pages

Kushal Jain: Sociology II answer copy

28 answers by Kushal Jain, as written in the test. Each question opens a page with how other toppers answered it.

The questions

  1. Q1(a)Write a short note on each of the following in not more than 150 words. (a) Critically examine the efficacy of 'Law as an Instrument of Social Change'.10 marks
  2. Q1(b)"The project of Dalit capitalism is futile in a society where caste decides the social capital" Critically analyze.10 marks
  3. Q1(c)Critically examine the 'paradox' of India's 'green revolution'.10 marks
  4. Q1(d)Do you agree that the Constitution of India has weakened the traditional social order in India? Give reasons for your opinion.10 marks
  5. Q1(e)Discuss the nature and social background of the working class in India.10 marks
  6. Q2(a)“Education is not only instrumental in bringing about social change, it is also instrumental in maintaining the status quo.” Comment in the context of Indian society.20 marks
  7. Q2(b)"Poverty is the root cause of child labour." In this context, there is a possibility of more children engaging in child labour due to the loss of jobs during the ongoing pandemic. Comment.20 marks
  8. Q2(c)How is the Indian agrarian system witnessing a change in its 'mode of production'.10 marks
  9. Q3(a)India's bonded labourers are caught between an entrenched caste system and a dismissive state. Analyse.20 marks
  10. Q3(b)"Gentrification of the cities and ghettoization are the two sides of the same coin in the new urban landscape." Examine the statement with reference to the Indian experience of urbanization.20 marks
  11. Q3(c)"The introduction of reservation policy is not sufficient to empower women and strengthen their role as key stakeholders in local governance." Examine the statement in the context of Panchayati Raj in India.10 marks
  12. Q4(a)"State intervention is needed to make farming economically and ecologically viable". Comment with special reference to the problems faced by small and marginal farmers in contemporary India.20 marks
  13. Q4(b)Pressure groups happen to be an indicator of level of political maturity and accommodation in a political system. In this context critically analyse role of pressure groups in the policy making process in India.20 marks
  14. Q4(c)Explain how the history of dairy cooperatives in India showcases a model for realisation of the goal of 'Atmanirbhar Bharat' (Self-reliant India).10 marks
  15. Q5(a)Write a short note on each of the following in not more than 150 words. 10 x 5 = 50 (a) “Differences in cultural norms affect fertility behaviour”. Comment in the context of population dynamics in India.10 marks
  16. Q5(b)Write a short note with a sociological perspective on nativist movements in India after independence.10 marks
  17. Q5(c)Infant mortality rate is the most sensitive index for measuring development. Comment.10 marks
  18. Q5(d)What do you understand by 'cultural nationalism'? How does it manifest in India? Give some examples from recent times.10 marks
  19. Q5(e)Briefly discuss D.N. Dhanagare's views on agrarian movements in India.10 marks
  20. Q6(a)Globalisation has given a new lease of life to communalism. Comment.20 marks
  21. Q6(b)With rapidly ageing population, India is staring at the prospects of generational socio-economic crisis. In the context of this statement, discuss the challenges of ageing population.20 marks
  22. Q6(c)"The relationship between NGOs and the women’s movement in India has led to a loss of collective feminist politics based on autonomy." Comment in the context of the notion of ‘NGOization’.10 marks
  23. Q7(a)Due to pre-existing gender differences, women are experiencing the effects of the COVID crisis in different and often more negative ways. Critically examine the statement in context of Indian women's vulnerability to COVID-19.20 marks
  24. Q7(b)Despite a fast-growing economy and the largest anti-malnutrition programme, India has the world's worst level of child malnutrition. Elaborate the social causes as well as consequences of malnutrition in India.20 marks
  25. Q7(c)Construct a sociological narrative on the neo-farmers' movements in post-independence India.10 marks
  26. Q8(a)"Population policy 2000 sees population structure through lens of fertility, ignoring important component of migration". In reference to recent migrant crisis, analyze why there is a need for internal migration policy.20 marks
  27. Q8(b)"Poverty in India has been socially generated and perpetuated". Elaborate.20 marks
  28. Q8(c)"Physiological factors associated with women cannot be a rationale to deny them the right to worship." How patriarchy operates through religion, discuss in relation to Sabarimala judgement.10 marks

The answers

Question 1(a) · 10 marks · 158 words written

Write a short note on each of the following in not more than 150 words. (a) Critically examine the efficacy of 'Law as an Instrument of Social Change'.

Opening · a definition

Law refers to rule of the land that reflects the aims and objectives of any society. It aims to provide direction and at the same time, tries to undo social evils.

Body · points

→ Law effective in creating social change:

  • Initiating social change: Striking down of Art 377 gave impetus to homosexual freedom. This gave rise to open debates, homosexual rallies, movies etc. which created healthy debates facilitating social change.

  • Recognising social change: Provides legitimacy

to new social equilibrium. (ex. Adultery is no longer valid; with growing call for gender equality, adultery was scrapped).

→ Law inhibiting social change:

  • Ineffective to create social change: Dowry act is largely unsuccessful to bring about reduction in dowry cases, dowry deaths.

  • Barrier to social change: The restriction to marry person irrespective of their religion (ex: anti-conversion laws).

Close

Andre Beteille points out that law may only direct where society ought to go, but social institutions decide where society actually goes.