AIR 11 · CSE 2023 · GS3 · 51 pages

Kush Motwani: GS3 answer copy

20 answers by Kush Motwani, as written in the test. Each question opens a page with how other toppers answered it.

The questions

  1. Q1Elaborate on the difference between Capital Account and Current Account as components of Balance of Payment (BOP). Suggest a few measures to balance the BOP deficit of India.10 marks
  2. Q2The logistics sector is one of the important components of the growth of the manufacturing industry. Discuss. Also, mention various components of the recently announced National Logistics Policy 2022.10 marks
  3. Q3What is India's stand on the New Agreement on Fisheries Subsidies under WTO? How is the Fisheries sector significant for India? Enumerate the steps taken by the Government to develop this sector.10 marks
  4. Q4Analyze the systemic and institutional constraints that continue to hinder land reform efforts in India and propose pragmatic solutions to ensure equitable distribution of land.10 marks
  5. Q5What are the unique features and capabilities of the BrahMos supersonic cruise missile, and how has it contributed to India's defence capabilities and strategic position in the region?10 marks
  6. Q6In line with the country's efforts to explore the depths of the ocean and harness the resources it holds, the Indian government has proposed a deep-sea exploration mission Samudrayaan. How can this mission contribute to the advancement of ocean science and technology in the country?10 marks
  7. Q7What is Global Methane Pledge? Do you think the Global Methane Pledge is a positive step toward mitigating methane emissions? Explain India's stance on this issue.10 marks
  8. Q8The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of disaster management in public health. Discuss the key strategies and challenges for managing pandemics and other infectious disease outbreaks.10 marks
  9. Q9"The resource curse of Eastern and Central India has been a crucial driver of LWE". Elaborate and suggest measures for sustainable and inclusive development of the region.10 marks
  10. Q10In light of the declining trend of violence in the North East and J&K region do you think that AFSPA has lived its utility? Comment.10 marks
  11. Q11International trade is centred on the dominant currency paradigm (DCM). Critically Analyze the importance of Hard currency in International trade and Discuss the potential of rupee acceptance in global trade as an alternative to dollar imperialism.15 marks
  12. Q12A demographic Dividend does not ensure growth; it only generates potential. Discuss the steps made by the government to take advantage of the opportunities presented by the demographic transition.15 marks
  13. Q13'Genome editing holds immense potential for crop improvement, but it also raises ethical and safety concerns'. How far do the new guidelines for the safety assessment of genome-edited plants in India, ensure the safety of genetically modified crops?15 marks
  14. Q14Discuss the impact of direct and indirect farm subsidies on the agriculture sector in India. How have Minimum Support Prices (MSP) affected the agricultural economy?15 marks
  15. Q15Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a rapidly escalating crisis that poses a grave threat to public health worldwide. What are the major contributing factors to the growing problem of antimicrobial resistance, and what steps can be taken to address this global health threat?15 marks
  16. Q16What do you understand by Disruptive innovations? What are some examples of disruptive innovation in recent times, and how have they changed the way industries operate?15 marks
  17. Q17Trace the evolution of the Loss and Damage fund, What are the major development related to loss and damage funds in COP 27?, What are the commitments made by India in this conference?15 marks
  18. Q18Disaster management is not just about responding to emergencies but also about building resilient communities. Discuss the key strategies that can be used to build community resilience and reduce the impact of disasters.15 marks
  19. Q19The transformation of terrorism through the use of new and emerging technologies like metaverse and virtual assets is a matter of concern. How can we counter the Use of New and Emerging Technologies for Terrorist Purposes and Elucidate the importance of the "Delhi declaration" in this regard?15 marks
  20. Q20"The Agnipath scheme is a bitter pill needed for the resilience and efficacy of our armed forces." Critically Analyze the statement with relevant arguments.15 marks

The answers

Question 1 · 10 marks · 316 words written

Elaborate on the difference between Capital Account and Current Account as components of Balance of Payment (BOP). Suggest a few measures to balance the BOP deficit of India.

Opening · a definition

Balance of Payment (BOP) is a systematic account of transactions between the residents and non-residents of a country in a given time period (usually 1 year).

Current AccountCapital Account
1. Components:
→ Visible: [Merchandise trade]
→ Invisible:
    → [Services trade]
    → [Primary income (wages, profit)]
    → [Secondary income (remittances, etc)]1. Components:
→ FDI, FII
→ External borrowing → [sovereign, ECB]
→ FCNR accounts (non-resident accounts).
2. Usually negative for India, (i.e [Current Account deficit] (except in [FY20-21]))Usually positive for India, (i.e [capital account surplus])
3. Reflects: net (income + trade)Reflects: net (investment + borrowing)
4. Related to short term transactions (Eg: salary/trade)Related to long term transactions (eg: investments)
5. Broadly relates to non-capital generating/revenue transactionscapital generating transactions

To Balance BOP deficit:

(I) : Encourage exports :

Body · points and prose

  1. Invest in logistics and infra ↓ Bring down [logistics cost] (14% of GDP) ↓ make exports more competitive
  2. Reform SEZ policy - as ace to [Baba kalyani recommendation]
  3. Focus on exporting MSME products (Eg): GI tags - [marketing] ["Invaluable treasures of Incredible India"] (Eg): Help MSMEs in resolving SPS issues
  4. Sign FTAs (Free Trade Agreements)
  5. Focus on getting integrated into [GVCs and GSCs] (Global value chains) (Via) PLI scheme, Make in India
  6. Focus on [sunrise sectors] (for India) (Eg): new tech, defence, toys, pharma, etc

(II) : Decrease imports

  1. Faster transition to renewables → reduce coal, crude imports
  2. NITI Aayog - [improve resource efficiency] (Eg): [$1 billion] worth of gold from e-waste annually
  3. (Eg): vehicle scrappage
  4. Hydrocarbon exploration in India, Lithium mining, etc

Close · a summary

(III) : [Attracting investments] : FDI policy, Ease of Doing Business, etc.

These steps will surely bring down BOP deficit.