AIR 48 · CSE 2023 · Sociology II · 52 pages

Anshul Hindal: Sociology II answer copy

20 answers by Anshul Hindal, as written in the test. Each question opens a page with how other toppers answered it.

The questions

  1. Q1(a)AR Desai studied Indian society through the lens of contradictions. Elaborate.
  2. Q1(b)Are definitional issues an obstacle in tribal development? Discuss.
  3. Q1(c)Marriage and family, the two social institutions with biological foundations, are complementary to each other. Discuss.
  4. Q1(d)In what ways, New Middle Class is different from Old Middle Class. Illustrate.
  5. Q1(e)Discuss the challenges associated with process of ageing from different sociological perspectives.
  6. Q4(a)"One clear picture of single dominant mode of production has not yet appeared in the map of Indian agrarian social structure." Examine the statement.20 marks
  7. Q4(b)"Contemporary forms of marriages challenge traditional social norms in Indian society." Discuss. Also, examine the social implications and conflicts surrounding such marriages.20 marks
  8. Q4(c)"Religion is the opium of the people". Discuss the relevance of the statement in the light of contemporary rise in religious fervour.10 marks
  9. Q5(a)The relationship between education and social mobility in Indian society is complex and intertwined. Discuss.
  10. Q5(b)"Modern slavery – be it bonded labor, involuntary servitude, or sexual slavery – is a crime and cannot be tolerated in any culture, community, or country". Explain.
  11. Q5(c)Globalisation has led to interconnectedness which can be understood under three major themes-homogenization, polarization and hybridization. Discuss.
  12. Q5(d)Indian Village is a microcosm of Indian society. In this context, Explain the idea of Indian Village.
  13. Q5(e)What is ethnicity? In the light of recent Manipur Violence, discuss the issue of ethnic conflicts and reasons for it from Sociological perspectives.
  14. Q7(a)"India can be considered a role model for the West only if women and non-binary pregnant individuals have complete autonomy over their bodies and reproductive rights". Analyse the statement in context of impact of recent legislations on reproductive issues in India.20 marks
  15. Q7(b)The petitions seeking right to marriage and family for members of the LGBTQIA+ community are not only seeking a fundamental right for the people, but also challenges patriarchal homosexual notion of marriage and family, which has always been reflected in Indian sociological discourse. How far do you agree?20 marks
  16. Q7(c)"Women are the largest untapped reservoir of talent in the world". Elucidate Women entrepreneurship as means of women empowerment.10 marks
  17. Q8(a)"Caste identity and caste-based politics are intertwined in Indian society." Discuss this statement in light of role of caste in electoral politics, representation, and social mobilization.20 marks
  18. Q8(b)How is Indian morality different from constitutional morality? How does it affect the social change that it was supposed to bring, as envisioned by founding fathers?20 marks
  19. Q8(c)"Urbanisation is the inevitable outcome of the processes of growth and of modernisation". Analyse sustainable urbanization as a way to inclusive development. Elaborate.10 marks
  20. Q10Restrictions on surrogacy : discrimination to married women on

The answers

Question 1(a) · 193 words written

AR Desai studied Indian society through the lens of contradictions. Elaborate.

Opening

Ans: AR Desai studied India from the perspective of Historical materialism. This theory gives primacy to the mode of production.

AR Desai (Mode of production)

Body · points

→ Pre Independence : capitalist mode → Pre British: corporal feudalism → After Independence: failed socialism

Lens of contradiction

  1. He says that there is contradiction in the economic base of India. Superstructure changed but base remains the same. eg: Islamic rulers [superstructure] Jajmani system [economic Base]

  2. The destruction of agriculture did not lead to flourishing industries and development of full fledged capitalism like in the west.

  3. Though economic base changed significantly during the british rule but the spirit of capitalism was missing.

  4. Indians never developed the class concious-ness and became class for itself because of the highest form of dependence.

  5. contradiction continues even after the independence

    | | | /|
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    decade of decade of decade of hope dispair discontent

socialism has failed in India.

criticism

  1. MN Srinivas: Economic exaggertion of the history.
  2. Ghurye: Neglects cultural role in change.

Close · a summary

Therefore AR Desai view of Indian society is based on the economic determinism providing new dimension.