Question 1(a) · 10 marks · 166 words written
Critically examine the importance of comparative method in sociological research.
Opening · a definition
Comparative method employs a study of a sociological phenomenon or construct by primary or secondary research and observation across different societies.
Body · points
Given the vast heterogeneity of social milieu, comparative method aids in testing the reliability of a thesis across space.
It aids in improving the generalizability of research findings. eg -> Durkheim had examined data across 26 European nations for study on suicide.
It prevents from making naive moral judgements. Margaret Mead's study in 'Sex and temperament across 3 societies'.
It is useful in debunking and falsifying existing perspectives. eg -> Weber studied Ancient China and medieval India to conclude that mere economic development is not sufficient for capitalism to flourish.
Close · a summary
However it has been criticized for assuming that societal will trumps individual mandate by phenomenologists.
Further, if the expanse of societies is not heterogeneous enough, it can lead to ethnocentric bias. eg -> Parson's theory as veiled status quoist and euro-centric theories.
Its criticism notwithstanding, it remains an important research method.