Anand MalhotraAIR 67 · CSE 2021 · 154 wordsTheir whole copy
Opening
The social reform movements comprised the first phase of the rise of nationalism until 1885 when Congress was founded.
Body · points
Socio-Religious Reform
Movements like Ramakrishna mission and Arya Samaj gave a glorified account of India's past and inspired the youth.
Progressive social legislation at the behest of these reforms brought in women in mainstream nationalism → Abolition of sati, women's Education
Sub-Altern Movements
Phule's Satya Shodhak Samaj and Narayan guruswamy's SNDP movement, mobilized peasants and untouchables in need of self-determination.
Many nationalist leaders like K.P. Kelappan, Tyagaraja and Periyar E.V. Ramaswamy were a product of this reform.
→ A.R. Desai felt that it was the material condition that inspired rise of nationalism and social reform movements were initiated by the Indian elite like Raja Rammohan Roy partly as a consequence of demand for better material conditions.
Close · a summary
Thus, social movements paved the way for fertile ground for future nationalist struggle.