Arunprakash MAIR 407 · CSE 2025 · 249 wordsTheir whole copy
Opening · a figure
India is presently the most populous country in the world with 1.5 billion population, but on the other hand India's TFR has reached below replacement rate of 2.1.
Body · points
Population policies of India altered socio demographic profile of India
India adopted Family planning in 1952 as the first country in the world. → Reduced population growth in Central India
Anti Natalist approach during Emergency period resulted in temporary curb in growth, yet it was not substantial → Continued growth of population in Central highlands and Gangetic plains.
Improved socio economic development through Rights based approach led to stable population in South India. Eg: Decodal growth rate of Kerala's population is just 5%.
Improved women's position through policies like Beti Bachao Beti Padhao led to late marriages, contributing to TFR decline.
Green Revolution in North West India and increased demand for male workforce, led to skewed sex ratio in favour of men.
Poor development of infrastructure and economy, combined with poor implementation of population policies lead to higher population growth rate in Northern states.
Malnutrition and diseases lead to significant decline of tribal population in North East and central India.
Cultural and political threats to minorities lead to their increased population growth rate and ghettoisation.
National Population policy 2000 has lead to reduced TFR, MMR, increased contraception prevalance rate, thus attempting to stabilise population by 2045.
Close · a way forward
Population policies should be invariably implemented across states, which could solve issues like recent delimitation crisis.