Srushti Jayant DeshmukhAIR 5 · CSE 2018 · 267 wordsTheir whole copy
Opening · a date or context
Emile Durkheim tried to understand European society when it was in a state of huge flux due to capitalist factory mode of production and occupational differentiation due to urbanisation.
Division of labour is thus seen as a result of need for greater productivity and efficiency when people divide jobs into several components. Since there was complexity, heterogeneity and differentiation, Durkheim analysed that its the DIVISION OF LABOUR which provides basis for ORGANIC SOLIDARITY in the society.
It is functional as it has taken the role of mechanical solidarity based on few differences, similarity of production and following norms, values when material and moral density was low.
But with increase in both production & population, dynamic density leads to the organic solidarity that now plays role of INTEGRATION in society for maintaining social order and continuity.
But due to the sudden nature, it may also be ANOMIC for society in these way:
Body · points and prose
- State of ANOMIE- normlessness and confusion due to transitional pressure is seen as a pathological state
where 'old balance/scale is upset and new scale cannot be immediately improvised. This occurs as moral regulation cannot keep pace with economic & technological development leading to heightened desires, lack of control, increased divorce, breakdown etc.
Forced division of labour- discrepancy between skill of a person and work allotted can create unusual condition of forced labour which is unsustainable.
Inappropriate division/organisation- defeats the very purpose of labour division and efficiency.
Close · a summary
Though Durkheim, thus saw division of labour as functional for the contemporary society but he also recognised its anomic effects though he considered them as only temporary.