“The weakening commitment of major powers to international health frameworks poses serious challenges to equitable global cooperation.” Discuss in light of the U.S. withdrawal from the WHO and its implications for India.

Serious Challenge

1. Funding constraint → See fig due to high US contribution
2. Technological challenge → USA is world leader in health & medicine
3. Kindlebergen Trap → As no one willing to provide global goods like health.
4. Will lead to Chinese domination in WHO.

⑤ R&D gap → due to USA lead in area ⑥ More Donor Dependence of WHO → donor driven agenda

Implication for India

① Existing programs eg WHO TB monitoring is threatened ② More demands for funds from India & other Countries ③ Vaccination contribution of WHO may be lowered ④ Weaker disease monitoring and preparedness for pandemic

Way forward

① Bringing USA Back in WHO through Diplomacy ② More funds to WHO