UPSC Mains 2019 · GS IV · Q9 · 20 marks · 250 words · Case study

An apparel manufacturing company having large number of women employees was losing sales due to various factors. The company hired a reputed marketing executive, who increased the volume of sales within a short span of time. However, some unconfirmed reports came up regarding his indulgence in sexual harassment at the work place. After sometime, a woman employee lodged a formal complaint to the management against the marketing executive about sexually harassing her. Faced with the company’s indifference in not taking cognizance of her grievance, she lodged an FIR with the Police. Realizing the sensitivity and gravity of the situation, the company called the woman employee to negotiate. In that she was offered a hefty sum of money to withdraw the complaint and the FIR and also give in writing that the marketing executive is not involved in the case.

  1. Identify the ethical issues involved in this case. What options are available to the woman employee ?

हिन्दी में

बड़ी संख्या में महिला कर्मचारियों वाली एक परिधान उत्पादक कंपनी के अनेक कारणों से विक्रय में गिरावट आ रही थी । कंपनी ने एक प्रतिष्ठित विपणन अधिकारी को नियुक्त किया, जिसने अल्पावधि में ही विक्रय की मात्रा को बढ़ा दिया । लेकिन उस अधिकारी के विरूद्ध कार्यस्थल पर यौन उत्पीड़न में लिप्त होने की कुछ अपुष्ट शिकायतें सामने आईं । कुछ समय पश्चात् एक महिला कर्मचारी ने कंपनी के प्रबंधन की विपणन अधिकारी के विरूद्ध यौन उत्पीड़न की औपचारिक शिकायत दायर की । अपनी शिकायत के प्रति कंपनी की संज्ञान लेने में उदासीनता को देखते हुए, महिला कर्मी ने पुलिस में प्राथमिकी दर्ज की । परिस्थिति की संवेदनशीलता और गंभीरता को भांपते हुए, कंपनी ने महिलाकर्मी को वार्ता करने के लिए बुलाया । कंपनी ने महिलाकर्मी को एक मोटी रकम देने के एवज में अपनी शिकायत और प्राथमिकी वापस लेने तथा यह लिख कर देने के लिए कहा कि विपणन अधिकारी प्रकरण में लिप्त नहीं था ।

  1. इस प्रकरण में निहित नैतिक मुद्दों की पहचान कीजिए । महिलाकर्मी के सामने कौन-कौनसे विकल्प उपलब्ध हैं ?

How a topper answered it

Chaitanya AwasthiAIR 37 · CSE 2022 · 355 wordsTheir whole copy

Opening

First put intro → then stakeholders

The following issues emerge from the given case:

Body · points

(1) Ethics of Company v. Growth and Profit. (2) Sexual Harassment at Workplace (3) Personal Gain v. Morality

Sexual Harassment at Workplace

It is a sad reality of India. ↳ Unethical practice striking at core of Gender equity and adding on the myriad prejudices operating against the women. ↳ Despite measures like Vishaka guidelines, POSH Act etc., it has continued

unabated due to stigma, victim shaming, poor implementation etc.

Company's CEO and Morality ↳ Company seen as a leader in Gender Justice ↳ CEO's actions are against the company's ethics and optics. ↳ Placing profits over employee wellbeing might have disastrous ramifications on other employees and entail harm in the long run. ↳ Sets bad precedent since there have been earlier reports too, might have a chilling effect on other victims.

Options Available to Woman (1) Accept Money, Withdraw Complaint → Merits ↳ Save Company's reputation ↳ Avoid personal hardship, job loss ↳ Possible promotion and rewards

→ Demerits ↳ Betray personal values like integrity ↳ Legitimise executive's actions and incentivise him to continue ↳ Bad precedent for other women willing to speak up

(2) Refuse CEO's offer, pursue complaint → Merits ↳ Happiness and satisfaction when in consonance with internal values ↳ Expose executive and prevent future cases ↳ Serve as a role model for peers ↳ Safeguard self-respect and esteem

→ Demerits ↳ Potential job loss and unemployability ↳ Company's reputation degraded ↳ Victim shaming and smear campaign ↳ Long drawn battle can mentally exhaust her

(3) Convince the CEO to take action • Merits ↳ Company sets a good example and may gain positively ↳ Executive gets punished ↳ Retain job, and increase in stature within the company. • Demerits

Close · a way forward

↳ CEO might not agree given the past indifference ↳ Company might not be willing to take economic risks during a slump.

Thus, the woman ought to pursue the last option. In case of it not working out, she should follow option 2 along with help from Media, NGOs etc. to level the playing field against a corporation.

1 more topper’s answer to this question, part by part, and how they all approached it: open the question.

Source: UPSC, Civil Services (Main) Examination 2019, General Studies Paper IV, Q9. The paper on upsc.gov.in. Themes and links to toppers’ answers are by UPSC Grade, not by UPSC.