AIR 604 · CSE 2025 · Sociology I · 46 pages

Ashwani Dubey: Sociology I answer copy

19 answers by Ashwani Dubey, as written in the test. Each question opens a page with how other toppers answered it.

The questions

  1. Q1(a)Write short answers to the following questions in about 150 words each, with a sociological perspective: (10 x 5 = 50) (a) What are variables? Illustrate some variables which Merton used in his analysis of deviance.10 marks
  2. Q1(b)How has the contributions from history influenced the scope of sociology?10 marks
  3. Q1(c)Examine the contemporary relevance Durkheimian perspective on 'Division of labour'.10 marks
  4. Q1(d)How did the advance of capitalism revolutionize family as an institution?10 marks
  5. Q1(e)Poverty means more than simply low income. Elaborate.10 marks
  6. Q2(a)Industrial revolution has important bearings on growth and development of sociology. Discuss.20 marks
  7. Q2(b)Examine the significance of non-positivist paradigm in social science research.20 marks
  8. Q2(c)How is skilling an important dimension of social mobility?10 marks
  9. Q5(a)Describe the various characteristics of Weberian bureaucracy. Are they relevant now?10 marks
  10. Q5(b)Who are contract labour? What are the challenges they face?10 marks
  11. Q5(c)Religious fundamentalism is a challenge to the truth of other religions. Examine.10 marks
  12. Q5(d)How does post patriarchy impact the emerging pattern of sex-roles in modern society.10 marks
  13. Q5(e)Distinguish between formal and informal work with suitable illustration.10 marks
  14. Q6(a)Examine the impact of secularisation on family and marriage systems.20 marks
  15. Q6(b)Describe the modernization theory on development. How did the under- development theorists critique it?20 marks
  16. Q6(c)Discuss the types and dynamics of new social movements.10 marks
  17. Q7(a)Globalization has accelerated the rise of consumerism, individualism and questioned religion and provided for pluralist societies driven by distinctive religions. Comment.20 marks
  18. Q7(b)Differentiate between Functionalist and Marxist theories of Stratification.20 marks
  19. Q7(c)Elaborate on latent and manifest functions of technology?10 marks

The answers

Question 1(a) · 10 marks · 176 words written

Write short answers to the following questions in about 150 words each, with a sociological perspective: (10 x 5 = 50) (a) What are variables? Illustrate some variables which Merton used in his analysis of deviance.

Opening · a definition

Variables are social aspects in sociology which are quantified and mapped to understand cause and effect relation. R.K. Merton widely used variables in his middle range theory of deviance.

Merton's use of variables in deviance

Body · points

  1. Merton used dependent and independent variables to define deviance.

eg. Culturally defined goals (dependent) when not matched with socially available means (independent) creates deviance.

  1. Multivariate and multi causal analysis Merton defined deviance based on multiple

factors such as: (i) Retriatist - who are depressed and drug adict (variable 1) and do not follow means & goals (variable 2). (ii) Conformers - such as students follow school and societal norms (variable 1) thus accept both goals & means (variable 2) (3) merton also counters Durkheim as deviance always exist in society. Thus, his causal explaination is to study such factors and variables to solve deviance. (4) He also noticed positive, latent aspect of deviance (devi-variable 1) such as innovaters and scientist (variable 2).

Close · a summary

Deviance of merton expands our sociological emagination to correlate personal and structural variables to understand them better.