What evidence would you offer against the view that 'tribes are primitive communities living isolated lives untouched by civilization'?

GS Ghurye says that tribes are not primitive communities but that they are misplaced tribes who could not be integrated well in the caste structure.

Moreover, tribes were not always the suppressed ones. Rather, they used to be kingdoms ruled by tribals.

They had a full flourished economies, having constant economic and labour exchange with outside world.

There is study to show that tribals work in farmlands in peak agricultural season and this is continuing from many centuries.

With advent of Britishers, the downturn started. It marginalized tribes by introducing outsiders and totally destroying their way of life. Moneylenders led them into debt trap and this led to confiscation

of their land. Post-independence, India followed Panchsheel approach towards tribals along with positive discrimination. It bore some fruit. At present, there are very few tribes living untouched (example Jarawas). Reservation policy has led to their integration with rest of Indian society. It has led to assimilation of ideas of animism in caste society. It is found in a study that tribals worship Hindu Gods (local deity) and also celebrate their festivals. Tribes in North East have mainly adopted christianity, thus showing effect of religion. Also tribes are not un-divided, rather are socially differentiated on many accounts. Thus we can say that tribes are relatively isolated communities having less contact with others and maintaining their culture