Puru DubeyAIR 86 · CSE 2025 · 272 wordsTheir whole copy
Opening · a definition
Social exclusion is a dynamic process through certain groups are limited/ excluded from participation in society. However, Voluntary exclusion and forced exclusion are phenomena corresponding to different ends of the social inequality.
Body · points
FORCED SOCIAL EXCLUSION OF PEOPLE
In forced social exclusion, the agency lies with the society excluding them on basis like caste, sexuality etc. eg Dalits had to live on the margins of the village leading to forced exclusion.
It is a dynamic process which results in
deprivation and poverty. eg LGBTQ+ groups face disexclusion in schools and public services leading to material deprivation.
Forced exclusion leads to injustice and is against the democracy in society. eg Article 17 prohibits untouchability.
However, Voluntary exclusion is a relatively new different phenomena driven by privilege and agency.
VOLUNTARY EXCLUSION
It is based on the decision of the person/groups and not externally imposed eg Cult groups create their
even communes to establish their version of moral society.
Post-Globalisation,
Voluntary exclusion has increased due to increasing intensity of social change and mental overload.
eg) People going to Yoga retreat in Himalaya
While individual cases abound, it is also a structural phenomena. eg) Rich people create gated communities in response to poor governance by state and local bodies.
As a structural phenomenon, it has the consequence of
perpetuating the decline in state's quality of service delivery. eg) due to middle class' withdrawal of children from public school quality has declined as there is no demand for accountability.
Close · a summary
Thus - while seemingly similar, both these concepts are different in manifestations and their patterns are bounded by class & ethnic and gendered boundaries which sociology attempts to demistify.