RuhaniAIR 5 · CSE 2023 · 100 wordsTheir whole copy
Opening · a definition
Irrigation refers to a system through which water is supplied to the agriculture sector. IMPACT ON ENVIRONMENT & NATURAL RESOURCE
Body · points and prose
↓ Flood irrigation | Micro irrigation | Nano irrigation
IMPACT ON ENVIRONMENT & NATURAL RESOURCE
• Loss of groundwater: Tubewell irrigation involves extraction of groundwater. Excessive extraction can lower the water table.
• Increase in Salinity: Flood irrigation used to grow rice, increases the saline content of the soil.
• Use of machine to pump groundwater relies on use of electricity, produced by thermal power plants, which lead to pollution.
• Drip Irrigation, Sprinklers save water and increase irrigation use efficiency.
diagram FOR SUSTAINABILITY → Avoid flood irrigation → Avoid over-extraction of ground-water → Power tariffs for irrigation should not be zero
MEASURES NEEDED ↓ More technology to be promoted. Eg: Laser levelling
FOR EQUITY: → Subsidise microirrigation → More training to farmers on the use of sprinklers, drip irrigation
Close · a summary
Thus, the above measures need to be taken to make irrigation sustainable and equitable.