UPSC Prelims 2018 · CSAT
Question 74: Data Interpretation
The following table gives the GDP growth rate and Tele-density data of different States of a country in a particular year. Study the table and answer the two items that follow. With reference to the above table, which of the following is/are the most logical and rational inference/inferences that can be made?
- 1.Higher per capita income is generally associated with higher Tele-density.
- 2.Higher GDP growth rate always ensures higher per capita income.
- 3.Higher GDP growth rate does not necessarily ensure higher Tele-density.
| States | Per capita income ($) | GDP growth rate (%) | Tele-density |
|---|---|---|---|
| State 1 | 704 | 9·52 | 70·27 |
| State 2 | 419 | 5·31 | 35·88 |
| State 3 | 254 | 10·83 | 50·07 |
| State 4 | 545 | 9·78 | 5·94 |
| State 5 | 891 | 10·8 | 76·12 |
| State 6 | 1077 | 11·69 | 77·5 |
| State 7 | 900 | 8·88 | 104·86 |
| State 8 | 395 | 5·92 | 6 |
| State 9 | 720 | 7·76 | 82·25 |
| State 10 | 893 | 9·55 | 96·7 |
| State 11 | 363 | 4·7 | 57·7 |
| State 12 | 966 | 7·85 | 63·8 |
| State 13 | 495 | 9·37 | 52·3 |
| State 14 | 864 | 5·46 | 97·9 |
| State 15 | 497 | 7·48 | 62·3 |
| State 16 | 777 | 7·03 | 93·8 |
| State 17 | 335 | 5·8 | 49·9 |
| State 18 | 599 | 7·49 | 47·84 |
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
AnswerUPSC’s answer is (c).
Test each statement against the table. Statement 1: states with high per capita income such as State 6 (1077), State 10 (893) and State 7 (900) have high tele-density, so the link holds generally. Statement 2 fails: State 3 has high growth (10.83) but low income (254), while State 14 has low growth (5.46) but high income (864). Statement 3 holds: State 4 has growth near 9.8 but tele-density below 6, while State 14 has slow growth and tele-density near 98. So 1 and 3.
- 1. Higher per capita income generally goes with higher tele-density.
- 2. State 3 has high growth but low income; State 14 has low growth but high income.
- 3. State 4 grows fast with tele-density under 6.
How you could have got this
- If you were sure statement 1 is correct, (b) and (d) go: each of them leaves 1 out.
What you needed to know: Higher per capita income generally goes with higher tele-density.
- Then, if you were sure statement 3 is correct, (a) goes: it leaves 3 out.
What you needed to know: State 4 grows fast with tele-density under 6.
Only (c) is left. You didn’t need statement 2.
Which options go is worked out from UPSC’s key and the options, not by a model.
Why each option is right or wrong
- (a) Statement 3 also holds, so this is incomplete.
- (b) Statement 2 fails, as State 3 and State 14 show.
- (c) Correct: statements 1 and 3 follow from the table.
- (d) Statement 1 also holds, so this is incomplete.
Answer: UPSC’s key. Explanation: written by UPSC Grade, not by UPSC.
Source: UPSC, Civil Services (Preliminary) Examination 2018, General Studies Paper II (CSAT), Series A. The paper on upsc.gov.in.