UPSC Mains 2023 · GS II · Q12 · 15 marks · 250 words

Explain the constitutional perspectives of Gender Justice with the help of relevant Constitutional Provisions and case laws.

हिन्दी में

प्रासंगिक संवैधानिक प्रावधानों और निर्णय विधियों की मदद से लैंगिक न्याय के संवैधानिक परिप्रेक्ष्य की व्याख्या कीजिए ।

How a topper answered the closest question

Toppers wrote this one in a test series: “Explain the importance of the principle of 'complete justice' as outlined in the Indian constitution. Refer to key judicial rulings that have contributed to the realisation of complete justice in modern India.”

Kumud MishraAIR 69 · CSE 2024 · 190 wordsTheir whole copy

Opening · a constitutional or legal provision

The Indian Constitution, under Article 142 provides the supreme court with the powers to ensure "complete justice".

Body · points

Importance of the principle of complete justice:

  1. It aims at delivering "substantive justice" as outlined in the Preamble (justice: social, economic and political).

  2. It provides the responsibility to the state to ensure social-economic empowerment. Ex: DPSPs envisaging the idea of "welfare state".

  3. It ensures the protection of the fundamental rights of the citizens for their development. Ex. Golden triangle of article 14, 19, 21.

  4. It envisages not only vertical protection (against state) but also horizontal protection (against other individuals). Ex. Right to Privacy (article 21)

Judicial rulings contributed to its realization:

  1. Golaknath Vs state of Punjab 1967, where the Supreme court held Fundamental rights as "sacrosanct".

  2. In Kesavananda Bharati (1973) case it ensured the idea of "Basic Structure" to limit State's powers.

  3. In Shah Bano case (1985), NALSA case (2014) and Sabrimala (2018) it ensured "gender justice".

  4. It upheld right to privacy in K.S. Puttaswamy (2017) case for doing complete justice.

Close · a summary

Thus, it aims at the idea of justice for welfare of all(Sarvodaya).

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Source: UPSC, Civil Services (Main) Examination 2023, General Studies Paper II, Q12. The paper on upsc.gov.in. Themes and links to toppers’ answers are by UPSC Grade, not by UPSC.