UPSC Mains 2021 · GS II · Q17 · 15 marks · 250 words

“Though women in post-Independent India have excelled in various fields, the social attitude towards women and feminist movement has been patriarchal.” Apart from women education and women empowerment schemes, what interventions can help change this milieu?

हिन्दी में

“यद्यपि स्वातंत्र्योत्तर भारत में महिलाओं ने विभिन्न क्षेत्रों में उत्कृष्टता हासिल की है, इसके बावजूद महिलाओं और नारीवादी आन्दोलन के प्रति सामाजिक दृष्टिकोण पितृसत्तात्मक रहा है।” महिला शिक्षा और महिला सशक्तीकरण की योजनाओं के अतिरिक्त कौन-से हस्तक्षेप इस परिवेश के परिवर्तन में सहायक हो सकते हैं?

How a topper answered the closest question

Toppers wrote this one in a test series: ““Feminism” has evolved as a movement with agenda, organization and means to protest. Comment. How far do you think “Draft National Policy for Women, 2016” will strengthen the cause of women empowerment in India?”

Akshay AgrawalAIR 43 · CSE 2018 · 265 wordsTheir whole copy

Opening · a definition

Feminism is referred to as the a social cause or philosophy in which female/ women rights are fought for and advocated.

In a patriarchal society, women have been widely discriminated against since historic times. Thus, the need for reviving the conditions of women, in a society where crimes against women have been rising, has become the prime agenda for all feminist movements.

Body · points and prose

Reason for Feminist movements:

→ Women in 21st century have become more assertive, self-dependent & economically independent.

→ Crimes against women have been only rising.

Safety of women not given sufficient attention. Low participation of women in economic activities, politics, and poor health and education levels leaving women at the mercy of their families.

Thus, Feminism has evolved as a means to secure above rights of the women as the agenda, by organising groups advocating the cause, and also protesting for their rights.

The Draft National Policy for Women 2016 has the following provisions:

  1. Educational and health of women to be given the utmost priority.

  2. Providing women with sufficient economic and financial support to make them independent.

  3. Address safety concerns of women by strengthening institutional mechanisms to protect women from crimes like sexual violence, domestic violence, homicide and molestation. eg. National Comm. for women to be strengthened.

However, the draft policy does suffer from the following drawbacks:

  1. No mention of any special budgetary packages for women development.

  2. No mention of political representation of women in the legislatures.

Close · a way forward

Thus, to safeguard the interests of women, we need changes in mindset, institutions, and most importantly our attitudes.

How toppers approach this question, and more on its topic: open the question.

Toppers’ answers to other close questions

Source: UPSC, Civil Services (Main) Examination 2021, General Studies Paper II, Q17. The paper on upsc.gov.in. Themes and links to toppers’ answers are by UPSC Grade, not by UPSC.