AIR 27 · CSE 2025 · GS4 · 60 pages

Vikas: GS4 answer copy

19 answers by Vikas, as written in the test. Each question opens a page with how other toppers answered it.

The questions

  1. Q1(a)Differentiate moral absolutism from ethical pluralism with suitable examples.10 marks
  2. Q1(b)Analyse the ethical implications of using generative artificial intelligence in creative industries.10 marks
  3. Q2(a)How can implementing citizen charters enhance transparency and combat corruption in public institutions? Support your answer with suitable examples.10 marks
  4. Q2(b)What are the key teachings of Thiruvalluvar, and how are they relevant in today's world?10 marks
  5. Q3(a)What does each of the following quotations mean to you in the present context? a) "In a conflict between the heart and the brain, follow your heart"- Swami Vivekananda10 marks
  6. Q3(b)To see what is right and not do it is the want of courage- Confucius10 marks
  7. Q3(c)Our prime purpose in this life is to help others. And if you can't help them, at least don't hurt them- Dalai Lama10 marks
  8. Q4(a)Attitude shapes our perceptions and intentions, but behaviour is the tangible expression of these internal states in real-world actions. Discuss.10 marks
  9. Q4(b)How does emotional intelligence contribute to overcoming challenges and achieving success in high-stress environments? Discuss its impact on resilience and decision-making.10 marks
  10. Q5(a)What are the ethical concerns surrounding developed nations setting climate targets for developing countries without providing adequate financial support?10 marks
  11. Q5(b)Misusing of benefits intended for the weaker sections of society leads to various moral consequences. Discuss. How can such misuse be prevented to ensure equitable distribution of resources?10 marks
  12. Q6(a)Explore the role of conscience in upholding personal integrity and fostering moral responsibility.10 marks
  13. Q6(b)How should individuals address ethical dilemmas where adherence to organisational policies conflicts with personal moral principles? Illustrate with suitable examples.10 marks
  14. Q7DCP Aakash, a seasoned police officer, finds himself in a complex situation when he marries Sub Inspector Shipra. Although Shipra doesn't directly report to Aakash, he is responsible for evaluating her performance. Meanwhile, Dinesh, a colleague, raises concerns about favouritism in Shipra's performance ratings. Dinesh repeatedly complains to DIG Samar about Aakash's alleged bias toward Shipra. Despite the inquiries, no evidence of preferential treatment is found. Aakash officially reprimands Dinesh for unprofessional behaviour, emphasising the importance of maintaining professional dignity and decorum. Frustrated, Dinesh writes an anonymous email to the local press, exposing Shipra's unresolved marital status with her first husband. The email inaccurately characterises Shipra and Aakash's relationship as 'adulterous,' despite there being no basis for such claims. News channels and social media seizes the opportunity, publishing sensational stories about Shipra's past. Interviews with Shipra's college friends, neighbours, and relatives add fuel to the fire. The entire town becomes embroiled in gossip and speculation. Aakash, determined to uncover the truth, turns to his IT expert friend who traces the anonymous email back to Dinesh's home computer, revealing the source of the scandal. a) What are the ethical issues involved in this case? b) What action would DIG Samar to ensure internal discipline within the police department?20 marks
  15. Q8In a landmark decision, the Supreme Court halted all mining activities in the Aravalli Hills to prevent environmental degradation and preserve the ecological balance. Despite this, illegal stone mining persisted in a border district of the affected state, facilitated by local goons and politicians. A young and dynamic Superintendent of Police (SP) takes charge in the affected district, vowing to halt the stone mining racket. During a surprise inspection, the SP's team intercepts a loaded truck with illegally mined stones attempting to escape the mining area. The confrontation turns fatal when the truck driver runs over the SP, leaving him dead at the scene. Despite filing an FIR, the police struggle to make headway in the case for months. Sahoo, an investigative journalist working for a prominent TV channel, took it upon himself to delve into the case. Within a few weeks, through interactions with locals, members of the mining mafia, and government officials, he uncovered a complex web of corruption. His investigation revealed that the stone mining operations were being conducted with the tacit approval of corrupt police officers and influential politicians. The local Member of Legislative Assembly (MLA), known to be very close to the Chief Minister, was deeply involved in the illegal activities. Sahoo compiled his findings into a comprehensive report and presented it to the Chief Managing Director (CMD) of his TV channel. However, the CMD, after reviewing the report, advised Sahoo against making the story public. He disclosed that the implicated MLA was a relative of the TV channel's owner and held a substantive unofficial share in the channel. The CMD further offered to take care of Sahoo's promotion and salary hike, as well as adjust the soft loan of 40 lakhs taken for his son's chronic illness, if Sahoo handed over the investigative report and refrained from publishing it. a) What are the ethical dilemmas being faced by Sahoo? b) What are the options available with Sahoo to cope up with the situation? Critically evaluate/examine each of the options identified by Sahoo.20 marks
  16. Q9You are a renowned financial influencer with a substantial online following, celebrated for your astute investment advice. One day, Digital PayTech, a leading company in the digital payments sector, reaches out to you. They hope to leverage your influence to attract more investors and strengthen their position as a market leader. Enthusiastic about the promising growth potential in digital payments and eager to present what seems like an excellent investment opportunity, you agree to endorse Digitalpaytech stocks. Digital PayTech, a publicly traded entity, has made a name for itself by developing secure and user-friendly digital payment solutions. Their innovative approach has garnered industry acclaim, and they are recognized as pioneers in transforming the payment landscape. Eager about the partnership, you create engaging content endorsing Digital PayTech's stocks, highlighting their cutting-edge technology and the surging demand for digital payment solutions. Trusting your expertise, your followers invest in Digital PayTech's stocks. However, unexpected challenges soon arise. New compliance requirements bring in stringent rules on financial reporting and data protection, creating operational hurdles. Changes in licensing and authorization severely impact Digital PayTech's market presence and service offerings. Additionally, heightened security standards necessitate significant investments in cybersecurity. Sudden alterations in fee structures and pricing regulations adversely affect the company's revenue models and profitability. Amidst these challenges, financial mismanagement within Digital PayTech comes to light, casting doubt on the accuracy of their reported financial statements. These cumulative issues lead to a sharp decline in Digital PayTech's stock value, resulting in financial losses for your followers who had invested based on your recommendation. The financial influencer now faces the challenge of addressing the repercussions of the failed endorsement. Followers express disappointment and frustration, questioning the due diligence process and decision-making behind the recommendation. Legal inquiries and regulatory investigations intensify, adding to the complexity of the situation. a) List the moral values that will guide you. b) What are the ethical issues involved in the given case? c) What are the options available to you? Evaluate each of these options and choose the option you would adopt giving reasons.20 marks
  17. Q10The government has proposed a phased strategic disinvestment of the State Public Sector Bank, allowing private companies to acquire stakes and manage various banking operations. This decision has sparked widespread outrage among the bank employees, leading to a strike. As the head of the workers' union, you attended a crucial meeting with state officials, where they outlined issues such as inefficiency, corruption, and deteriorating service quality. The officials presented data showing that the bank has been operating at a significant loss for several years, with mounting non-performing assets (NPAs), outdated technology, and increasing customer complaints about poor service. In response, you presented the workers' perspective, emphasising their long-standing grievances. The employees are concerned about job security, fearing that privatisation will lead to mass layoffs, reduced benefits, and a loss of the job stability traditionally associated with public sector employment. There are also concerns about the potential for increased fees and reduced access to banking services for lower-income customers. Meanwhile, the state public sector bank is in a dire state. Branches are frequently understaffed, leading to long queues and delays, and customers are facing issues with accessing basic banking services, leading to a massive public outcry. The media has picked up the story, with reports highlighting the plight of the employees and the inconvenience to the public. The situation is tense, with public protests growing louder and the strike showing no signs of abating. The deadlock between the two parties has intensified, with neither side willing to compromise. Amidst this standoff, state officials have approached you with an offer of a substantial bribe and other perks to secure your compliance with the privatisation plan. They argue that the phased approach is necessary to modernize the banking sector, attract investment, and ensure sustainable operations. a) What are the ethical issues involved in the given case? b) What are the options available to you? Evaluate each of these options and choose the option you would adopt giving reasons. c) Based on the given case study, mention steps taken to improve the banking sector in India.20 marks
  18. Q11Anil Gupta, founder of ABC industries, decided to appoint his son Rohan Gupta as the new CEO of the company despite his distaste for family business. This decision side-lined several experienced and talented executives who had been with the company for decades. With Rohan Gupta at the helm, many senior executives found their roles diminished. Mr. Suresh Mehta, the former head of operations with over 25 years of experience, was moved to a less influential position. Similarly, Ms. Anjali Desai, a renowned marketing strategist, saw her projects shelved in favour of initiatives proposed by Rohan's close associates. This resulted in a significant portion of the company's top talent sitting idle, leading to frustration and a decline in morale. Rohan's tenure was marked by a series of poor strategic decisions. His decision to delve into unrelated sectors such as real estate and retail without adequate research or planning, just based on his friend's suggestion. These ventures drained the company's resources and failed to generate expected returns. The side-lining of experienced executives and the influx of Rohan's inexperienced associates led to significant internal conflicts. Disagreements on strategic directions and management practices became common, creating a toxic work environment. The board of directors was often split, with one faction supporting Rohan and the other backing the side-lined senior executives. This infighting made it difficult to implement cohesive strategies, weakening the company's market position. Soon, ABC Industries had lost a significant portion of its market share to competitors. The company's financial health deteriorated, and it was forced to lay off a substantial part of its workforce. a) What are the ethical issues involved in this case? b) What action should Anil Gupta take for the resurgence of the company? c) What steps have been taken by the government to improve corporate governance in India?20 marks
  19. Q12Ms. Radhika, a dedicated civil servant tasked with overseeing the Right to Education (RTE) implementation in her state, is jolted by the tragic death of Rani, a Dalit student, who succumbed to injuries inflicted by a teacher's violent assault. The incident rapidly gains media attention, sparking intense demands for accountability and justice from the opposition. Reflecting on her past visits to schools, Ms. Radhika remembers Rani as a promising and eager learner, whose enthusiasm was marred by the harsh reality of social exclusion. Rani's caste marked her for isolation, both from peers and teachers. She recalls the evident disparity in her treatment—fewer opportunities, less attention, and unfair bias directly linked to her caste identity. Upon deeper scrutiny, Ms. Radhika uncovers systemic flaws within the urban education framework. Complaints about caste discrimination during school admissions surfaced, revealing a failure to uphold RTE's core tenets. Admission policies and classroom environments perpetuated caste biases, with students from marginalised backgrounds facing segregation and unfair treatment. Educational materials often reinforced caste prejudices, while parents from lower-caste communities struggled to engage in their children's schooling due to systemic barriers. The situation deteriorates further when local politicians, motivated by caste biases, attempt to suppress the incident, thus obstructing justice for Rani. Political pressure influences the administration to downplay the issue, risking the concealment of the deeper, systemic inequalities in urban education. Ms. Radhika faces a daunting challenge: addressing these injustices while navigating potential backlash from influential communities and safeguarding her own career amidst the turmoil. a) What are the ethical issues involved in the given case for Ms. Radhika? b) List the moral values that will guide her. c) How can Ms. Radhika ethically navigate the entrenched nature of caste-based discrimination within the urban education system?20 marks

The answers

Question 1(a) · 10 marks · 218 words written

Differentiate moral absolutism from ethical pluralism with suitable examples.

Opening · a definition

Ethics as standards of behavior prescribed by a group or society are contested between moral absolutism & ethical pluralism debates.

Moral absolutismEthical Pluralism
It refers to the fact that morals & ethics are absolute in nature & no change is neededIt refers to the fact that actions have rightness & wrongness inducing elements & no absolute principles are there
1. No change in time e.g. Truth as cardinal virtue1. Ethics change with time e.g. Sati is immoral practice in modern times
2. No change with place2. Morals can change with place
eg. Human dignity as sacredeg. Marijuana is seen as legal & ethical in west
3. No change with circumstance3. Change with the circumstances
eg. Telling lie is wrong in all the situationseg. Telling lie to save the life of a person can be moral

Body · points and prose

Complementary nature of both

  1. Certain principles are necessary for ethical behavior eg. Human dignity, compassion etc.
  2. Certain circumstances necessitate special actions (like) kolkatta rape case necessitate death sentence for culprits.

Close · a way forward

So an intelligent decision shall be made keeping in view the morals & situations so a Golden mean is the way forward.