Vidhyanshu Shekhar: ANT1 answer copy

Cultural shock

It refers to confusion, disorientation a person undergoes when entering into a new culture.

Case study

• Refugees from Syria and Iraq entered Europe seeking shelter, due to worsening condition at home.
• But coming from conservative Islam, Europe was cultural shock.
• It led to failure of integration in society, marginalization, etc.

It leads to

• The Failure in adjusting to new culture.
• Failure of integration.
• Rejection of new culture.
• Rise of ethnocentricism.

Reverse Cultural Shock

It is phenomenon, when a native, who has learnt new cultural values, returns back to native place and can't handle the cultural shock.

This leads to

• Questioning of native culture.
• Ethnocentricism.
• Conflict.

Case study

• Florida state (USA) is home to many Cubans, who escaped Cuba.
• After embracing American capitalism, they have rejected socialism & communism ideology prevalent in Cuba.
• When left-leaning parties of USA approached them, they rejected it outrightly, as they had rejected their native culture.

(b.) Janet Carsten's concept of relatedness in kinship studies

Traditionally kinship is defined as set of status and role, due to conjugal or affinal ties.

Janet Carsten studied Malayan society and gave concept of relatedness in her work: Culture of Relatedness (2000).

Concept of Relatedness

1. It rejects conjugal or affinal ties as only means of kinship.
2. It says kinship develops by being related to each-other.
3. This involves helping each-other, spending time, sharing emotions.

Relevance

1. It broadened the scope of how kinship bonds are formed.
2. Due to modern forces of globalization, industrialization - family bonds are getting weak - while non-family bonds are getting stronger.

(c.) Division of labour.

It is a concept, where each individual or each group has a well defined role in society.

eg. -> Traditional notion of Male being breadwinner, while women being Housewife. eg. -> 4-fold Varna division of Indian society, where each Varna had a defined role.

Anthropological perspective

(i) Emile Durkheim -> Says division of labour ensures right people are at right place.

(ii) Malinowski -> His functionalism approach says that division of labour serves biological and social needs of society.

(iii) RC Brown -> Structural functionalist approach says division of labour is needed to maintain social structure.

(iv) Levi Strauss -> Structuralism approach, that saw division of labour in terms of binary opposition.

(v.) Marxist approach -> It is a means for capitalist to maximise resource and exploit working class.