A topper · GS2 · 52 pages

Varun Tokas: GS2 answer copy

20 answers by Varun Tokas, as written in the test. Each question opens a page with how other toppers answered it.

The questions

  1. Q1Delegated legislation is a pragmatic response to the limitations of the legislature but poses challenges to the separation of powers in India. Examine.10 marks
  2. Q2How does the federal structure of India differ from that of the United States?10 marks
  3. Q3The Chief Election Commissioner and Other Election Commissioners Act, 2023 has sparked concerns about the erosion of the Election Commission's autonomy. Critically examine.10 marks
  4. Q4Discuss the key objectives of the e-Courts Project. How does it contribute to enhancing access to justice and improving judicial efficiency in India?10 marks
  5. Q5Discuss the role of digital platforms in empowering SHGs and enhancing their market linkage and credit access.10 marks
  6. Q6Analyze the potential of the Institutions of Eminence (IoE) scheme in elevating India's higher education to global standards.10 marks
  7. Q7While income poverty has declined, nutritional poverty persists in India. How can the present food security interventions of the government be restructured to address this concern holistically?10 marks
  8. Q8Discuss the significance of the SMILE scheme in addressing the vulnerabilities of transgender persons and beggars in India.10 marks
  9. Q9Whoever controls the oceans, runs the world. In this context, discuss the shift in India's maritime strategy from SAGAR to MAHASAGAR.10 marks
  10. Q10Evaluate the role of the India-UK FTA in facilitating greater market access and professional mobility.10 marks
  11. Q11Examine the role of inter-governmental institutions in facilitating cooperative dialogue and resolving critical governance challenges in India.15 marks
  12. Q12Despite being an important instrument of legislative initiative, Private Member's Bills rarely become laws in India. Examine the factors responsible for this trend. Also, suggest measures to strengthen the role of Private Members in the legislative process.15 marks
  13. Q13Discuss the major challenges in effective devolution of funds, functions, and functionaries to the Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) in India.15 marks
  14. Q14Lok Adalats and Alternate Dispute Resolution mechanisms have improved access to justice but face limitations in delivering substantive justice. Discuss.15 marks
  15. Q15Critically evaluate the Smart Cities Mission in achieving sustainable urban development and enhancing quality of life in India.15 marks
  16. Q16Assess the effectiveness of the Right to Information Act, 2005 in ensuring transparency and accountability in governance in the last two decades.15 marks
  17. Q17Despite progress in healthcare infrastructure and policy reforms, India continues to face critical challenges in the primary healthcare sector. Discuss.15 marks
  18. Q18What are the key objectives of the Pradhan Mantri Van Dhan Yojana (PMVDY)? How does the scheme contribute to the economic empowerment of tribal communities in India?15 marks
  19. Q19India-Bangladesh relations, once marked by shared history and cultural proximity, are now shaped by strategic calculus, regional competition, and shifting domestic politics in both countries. Discuss.15 marks
  20. Q20Critically examine the effectiveness of the UNSC in addressing contemporary crises related to international peace and security. What reforms are necessary to enhance its credibility and responsiveness?15 marks

The answers

Question 1 · 10 marks · 182 words written

Delegated legislation is a pragmatic response to the limitations of the legislature but poses challenges to the separation of powers in India. Examine.

Opening

Delegated legislation has seen a rise in parliament - where key features are discussed but details are left to the executive to draft.

Body · points

It helps deal with limitations of parliament

  1. Parliamentarians do not have adequate expertise in drafting laws → This helps shift burden to secretariat with time & resources
  2. Helps laws reflect spirit of executive and governance minutiae are dealt with adequately
  3. Increases efficiency of Parliament by debating less on framing of laws and move on discussing new laws
  4. Parliament can scrutinize the legislation

Through the Committee on Delegated Legislation

However this posesses challenge to separation of powers

  1. Scrutinization is rare in practice → 100/2000 actually scrutinized from 2000-2010 in Parliament

  2. Sidelines legislative powers of Parliament → Unclear wording of drafts leads to increased litigation (Malimath Committee)

  3. Reduce debate & discourse on law & legislation → Lack of scrutiny prevents opposition to make cases and debate

  4. The committee is understaffed and lacks resources to review a large amount of delegated legislation

Close

Parliamentary legislative power requires resources to allow detailed scrutiny of all legislative