AIR 99 · CSE 2024 · GS1 · 20 pages

Tejasvi Deshpande: GS1 answer copy

6 answers by Tejasvi Deshpande, as written in the test. Each question opens a page with how other toppers answered it.

The questions

  1. Q3Moderate leaders like Dadabhai Naoroji, Gopal Krishna Gokhale, Surendranath Banerjee believed in constitutional means to attain freedom. Success of moderate leaders in bringing gradual change.
  2. Q5The eastern Indian states of Odisha, Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh are mining hotspots of India.
  3. Q7The global distribution of flora and fauna is influenced by geographical, ecological and historical factors.
  4. Q8According to IMD, rising temperatures across the globe have increased frequency of cyclones in the Arabian sea.
  5. Q9India is a 'melting pot' of diverse languages and religions. It is home to all.
  6. Q10Women form over 50% of India's population and empowered women are essential for India's growth story.

The answers

Question 3 · 280 words written

Moderate leaders like Dadabhai Naoroji, Gopal Krishna Gokhale, Surendranath Banerjee believed in constitutional means to attain freedom. Success of moderate leaders in bringing gradual change.

Opening · no separate opening

None written.

Body · points

Success of moderate leaders in bringing gradual change

  1. provided economic critique of Britishers ↳ drain theory
  2. demanded higher representation of Indians in legislative councils ↳ No taxation without representation ⇒ Indian Council Act 1892
  3. protested for administrative reforms in civil service
  4. Indian member in Viceroy's executive council ↳ Satyendranath Sinha
  5. led the Swadeshi and Boycott movement following partition of Bengal in 1905

Yet, the moderates 3P's approach of Protest, Prayer and Propaganda was ineffective at large.

Failures of moderates :

  1. failed to involve masses as they lacked belief in capacity of masses.

  2. easily pacified by British by minimal increments ↳ Act GoI 1909, GoI 1919

  3. inability to understand extremists led to Surat split (1907)

Thus, moderates provided the initial spark to the national freedom movement but were unable to sustain it and bring significant political change.

Q1. Buddhism and Jainism are hetero-doxy philosophies which emerged as alternatives to Brahminical supremacy during age of Mahajanapadas.

Core tenets of Buddhism → Eightfold path by which enlightenment can be realised → Four noble truths of Buddha (Life is suffering).

Core tenets of Jainism → five vows

  1. non violence
  2. satya / truth
  3. not stealing
  4. non possessiveness
  5. chastity → trivratna - right → faith → knowledge → conduct

Influence of Buddhism on Indian architecture.

  1. Chaityas and viharas ↳ worship place of Buddhist monks ↳ residence for monks. ↳ Karala, Junnar caves.
  2. Ajanta caves - Bodhisatra padmapani

Influence of Jainism on architecture

  1. Statue of Gomateshwara EKN
  2. Mt. Abu temple
  3. temple at Parshnath hills (JH) → use of white marble

Close · a summary

Thus, both Jainism and Buddhism have influenced Indian architecture.