AIR 42 · CSE 2017 · Sociology II · 40 pages

Sudhir Kumar: Sociology II answer copy

16 answers by Sudhir Kumar, as written in the test. Each question opens a page with how other toppers answered it.

The questions

  1. Q1(a)Write a short note on each of the following in not more than 150 words.10 marks
  2. Q1(b)Secularism as goal of Indian Democracy10 marks
  3. Q1(c)Problems of aged in changing Indian scenario10 marks
  4. Q1(d)Social movements in post independent India10 marks
  5. Q1(e)Development and environment sustainability10 marks
  6. Q2(a)There are tendencies in some parts of the country to discriminate against the immigrants. Briefly analyze the factors which give rise to the politics of "nativism".20 marks
  7. Q2(b)Discuss the role of pluralism on national unity in India.15 marks
  8. Q2(c)Protective discrimination not only protects but also discriminates." Comment.15 marks
  9. Q3(a)Critically evaluate the role of the state in restructuring Indian Society since Independence. Also explain the factors which has affected the state's effectiveness in restructuring Indian Society.25 marks
  10. Q3(b)"Despite rising levels of education, gender awareness and stringent pro-women laws, there is still a perception that women are second-class citizens". Comment.25 marks
  11. Q4(a)"Literacy is a pre-requisite for the successful implementation of policies for economic and social development." Elucidate.20 marks
  12. Q4(b)Critically analyze to what extent the policies of the government "to tackle the problem of population since independence" has been successful?20 marks
  13. Q4(c)Write a short note on "Sub-culture of poverty".10 marks
  14. Q5(a)Give a brief overview of the "Evolution and persistence of communalism in Indian Society".20 marks
  15. Q5(b)"The impoverishment of the Indian peasantry was a consequence of the transformation of the agrarian structure". In the context of this statement, analyze the nature and the extent of the peasant movements in pre-independence period.20 marks
  16. Q5(c)Write a short note on "Decentralization of power and political participation".10 marks

The answers

Question 1(a) · 10 marks · 194 words written

Write a short note on each of the following in not more than 150 words.

Opening

Rural power structure in India is mostly dependent on land holding but in present times, it is changing. With influx of secular mobility through education, land reforms, legislations, reservation policy etc., the traditional hegemony of upper castes in power and status structure is eroding.

Body · continuous prose

MN Srinivas highlight this through concept of "dominant caste" like Yadavs in UP. Andre Beteille highlights this by talking multiplicity of elites in rural areas as Brahmans dominate status structure, intermediate castes dominant land and political structure.

With commercialization of agriculture, there is new class of landlord emerging - absentee landlords. Thus, land is ceasing to be a source of power or status as landholding have become less due to various land reforms and land ceiling acts.

Jajmani relations have ended and wage dominated allegiance is found in rural areas. Thus there are multiplicity of elites in rural areas contesting with each other for status, money, power. This is reflected by caste conflicts as upper castes are not able to see rise in status of lower castes.

Close

People of rural areas are working in cities in non-farm employments. It has added one more dimension of complexity to analyse rural elites.