AIR 277 · CSE 2024 · GS2 · 57 pages

Srajit Kumar: GS2 answer copy

8 answers by Srajit Kumar, as written in the test. Each question opens a page with how other toppers answered it.

The questions

  1. Q4Briefly explain the concept of separation of powers and checks and balances. Also, discuss how the 6th schedule enables autonomy for tribal areas.
  2. Q6What is the role of Civil Society Organisations (CSOs) in achieving development goals? Also, discuss the challenges in the partnership between CSOs and the government.
  3. Q10Discuss the significance of India's Arctic Policy in the context of its foreign policy and domestic development goals. Also, explain the differences between the Ethics Committee and the Privileges Committee in Parliament, highlighting their complementary roles in ensuring accountability.
  4. Q13Discuss the role of judicial activism in shaping public policy in India, while also highlighting its limitations.
  5. Q1414
  6. Q17"Sustainable development goals and their achievement depends on regional context and local bodies like Panchayats." Discuss.
  7. Q18Discuss the role of the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act in protecting children from sexual offences. What are the challenges in its implementation? 19. "India and the US ties are not additive but multiplicative." Discuss the influence of human rights issues and democratic values on this bilateral relationship. Suggest measures to mitigate tensions. 20. India aspires to become a pole in the multipolar world with South Asia as its sphere of influence. Discuss the geopolitical challenges India faces in South Asia and how it can navigate them.
  8. QCritically analyze the interplay between 'Rule of Law' and 'Judicial Review' in the Indian context. 2. Discuss the distinct power dynamics of the Lieutenant Governor of Delhi vis-a-vis State Governors. 3. How has the Indian Judiciary interpreted 'public order, morality, and health' to balance religious freedom with constitutional morality? Discuss with relevant case laws.

The answers

Question 4 · 339 words written

Briefly explain the concept of separation of powers and checks and balances. Also, discuss how the 6th schedule enables autonomy for tribal areas.

Opening

USA follows a strict system of Seperation of Power, where President is not a member of legislature.

I. Comparision of US V/S India

USAIndia
1. Rigid Seperation of Power (SOP.)1. Not rigid but fluid in Indira Gandhi case
2. Less check over executive → only judiciary restricts.2. Both judiciary & Parliament checks over executive.
3. Minimal interference of President in law making3. PM's support is necessary to pass a bill in lower house.
4. Increases stability in governance4. Increases accountability in governance.

II. Advantages of Checks & Balances

Body · points and prose

  1. Accountability of each organ over other; executive to legislature & judiciary & so on.
  2. Stops absolute power by one organ.
  3. Harmonious existence, where each organ is required to be in sync.
  4. Protection of rights: of citizens.
  5. Judicial Review to check in wisdom of government's action under 'Due process of law'.
  6. Gradual reforms: preventing any drastic changes in governance structure. Article 75 ensures accountability of govt. to Parliament & Art 13 to judiciary.

VIth schedule originates from Art 244(2) & creates Autonomous District council in 4 states → Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram & Tripura.

I. 6th schedule foster development along with culture preservation

  1. Autonomous District councils: are responsible to focus on tribal needs.
  2. Legislative autonomy: in accordance to cultural laws, but subject to assent of Governor.
  3. Judicial autonomy: traditional courts based on customary laws, but subject to High court's jurisdiction.
  4. Protection of land rights: as they cannot be easily transfered.
  5. Revenue Generation: by taxing can fund developmental projects for local needs.
  6. Education & Health initiatives: ADC can implement these intiatives according to traditional knowledge.
  7. Political Representation is ensured to tribals of the region by reservation of seats.
  8. Control over resources: to ensure sustainable & judicious use.

Close · a summary

VIth schedule has been an excellent tool to integrate tribal areas to mainstream society, maintaining their cultural identity.