AIR 51 · CSE 2025 · ANT2 · 88 pages

Rasneet Kaur: ANT2 answer copy

29 answers by Rasneet Kaur, as written in the test.

The questions

  1. Q1Write notes on the following in about 150 words each: Ethnomedical practices of Indian tribes50 marks
  2. Q1(b)Issues related to tribal education10 marks
  3. Q1(c)Relevance of concept of Purushartha in contemporary times10 marks
  4. Q1(d)Role of Gram Sabha under PESA10 marks
  5. Q1(e)Marine Archaeology in India10 marks
  6. Q2(a)Examine the strengths and weaknesses of anthropology in the context of its role in tribal and rural development.20 marks
  7. Q2(b)Critically discuss the contributions of Irawati Karve and B.S. Guha to the analysis of caste and race in India.15 marks
  8. Q2(c)Discuss the constitutional safeguards for religious minorities in India.15 marks
  9. Q3Marine fossils give idea of past marine life.
  10. Q3(a)How do concepts of 'cultural revival' and 'social boundaries' explain the persistence of India's identity based movements? In this context, discuss how can Anthropology help in providing solution to secessionist threats.20 marks
  11. Q3(b)Critically discuss the contribution of village studies towards the understanding of the Indian social system.15 marks
  12. Q3(c)Critically discuss the methodological distinctiveness of 'decolonizing ethnography' as a research framework for tribal studies in India.15 marks
  13. Q4(a)Evaluate the significance of the PM-JANMAN scheme in addressing the challenges faced by Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) in India. Discuss the hurdles to its implementation and propose strategies for ensuring its effective impact.20 marks
  14. Q4(b)"The 'great' and the 'little' traditions are not polar opposites, but are 'constantly negotiating and interacting with each other." Illustrate with suitable examples.15 marks
  15. Q4(c)Discuss the contributions of S.C. Dube in Indian rural and tribal studies.15 marks
  16. Q5(a)Write notes on the following in about 150 words each: David Reich and Aryan DNA in India.10 marks
  17. Q5(b)Impact of globalisation on folk culture10 marks
  18. Q5(c)Characteristics and contemporary significance of Dzumsa system of Sikkim10 marks
  19. Q5(d)Role of Governor in Fifth Schedule Areas10 marks
  20. Q5(e)Concept of 'Sacred Complex' as a dimension of Indian civilization10 marks
  21. Q6(a)There is a contemporary trend of rising caste identity with caste groups including marginalized ones, embracing their caste identity as a 'badge of honor'. Comment critically in context of 'future of caste system'.20 marks
  22. Q6(b)Examine the regional variations of Mesolithic cultures of India.15 marks
  23. Q6(c)Discuss the contribution of Islam to the composite culture of India. How are globalizing forces reshaping contemporary Indian Islam?15 marks
  24. Q7(a)Discuss the issue of 'quadruple burden of disease' among tribes of India.20 marks
  25. Q7(b)Discuss the Bio-genetic variability of Indian tribes.15 marks
  26. Q7(c)Critically discuss the ethno-archaeological approach to the study of indigenous craft and hunting activities of contemporary tribal societies in India.15 marks
  27. Q8(a)Critically analyze the historical debate on tribal development policy in independent India. Comment on the necessity and key challenges of adopting a rights-based approach in addressing current tribal development issues.20 marks
  28. Q8(b)Discuss the significance and implementation of the 'Recognition of Forest Rights Act 2006'.15 marks
  29. Q8(c)Critically discuss 'tribalisation' as a strategy by non-tribal communities that redefines the traditional tribe-caste continuum in India.15 marks

The answers

Question 1 · 50 marks · 165 words written

Write notes on the following in about 150 words each: Ethnomedical practices of Indian tribes

Opening

Indian Tribes have a rich knowledge base in the form of oral traditions. One aspect of it is their ethnomedical knowledge.

Body · points

ETHNOMEDICAL PRACTICES OF INDIAN TRIBES

  1. Himalayan Yew used by Lepchas of Sikkim to treat diseases like cancer.

  2. Bhotias of Ladakh chew certain herbal leaves to adapt to harsh cold climates.

  3. Ethnomedical practitioners Shamans Act as the "Medicine Man"

  • Ho → "Deuri"
  • Mundas → "Deunwa"
  1. Gonds consider that illness is caused due to spirits and sorcery but real reason behind it is polio, tetanus and cholera.

  2. Contemporary Relevance ÷

(i) Drug Jeevani made from the knowledge of Kani Tribals of Kerala about the Arogyapacha plant.

(ii) Many herbal leaves like Tulsi have even been emulated by modern societies from the practices of tribal people.

Close · a way forward

Thus Need is to Integrate these Ethnomedical practices of Indian tribes with modern medical approach to achieve greater benefits. [EC Green] highlighted this through distribution of ORS in Swaziland with help of shamans.