AIR 8 · CSE 2024 · GS3 · 52 pages

Raj Krishna Jha: GS3 answer copy

20 answers by Raj Krishna Jha, as written in the test. Each question opens a page with how other toppers answered it.

The questions

  1. Q1Analyse how fintech can enhance financial inclusion and reduce gender gaps in India. Also, identify key challenges that need to be addressed. (10M)10 marks
  2. Q2As per government data, India recorded a trade deficit with 9 of its top 10 trading partners in FY 2023-24. Discuss contributing factors and assess their impact. (10M)10 marks
  3. Q3Evaluate why horticulture remains an understated contributor to India's agriculture. Discuss government measures that could enhance its global market share and address current challenges. (10M)10 marks
  4. Q4How has the Public Distribution System (PDS) impacted household food spending in India? What changes could enhance its effectiveness in ensuring food security? (10M)10 marks
  5. Q5Understanding and addressing orbital debris is crucial for space sustainability. In this context, discuss the concept of Space Situational Awareness (SSA). (10M)10 marks
  6. Q6What are data centres? How do they operate? Discuss their significance in driving India's digital revolution. (10M)10 marks
  7. Q7Explain the concept of the 'triple planetary crisis' and the interlinkages between different aspects of this crisis. (10M)10 marks
  8. Q8Discuss the key provisions and significance of the Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ) Agreement. How will India benefit from signing and implementing this agreement? (10M)10 marks
  9. Q9The Armed Forces have finalized the structure for making integrated theatre commands. Evaluate the significance of theaterization in India's armed forces. (10M)10 marks
  10. Q10Assess the impact of recent peace agreements and reduction in violence on the internal security landscape of India's Northeast region. (10M)10 marks
  11. Q11Despite significant strides in reducing the share of agriculture in output and employment, India's structural transformation is marked by sectoral imbalances, low productivity, and the rise of low-skill jobs. Evaluate the key issues and suggest policy measures for addressing them. (15M)15 marks
  12. Q12India faces challenges in measuring extreme poverty due to varying estimates and outdated poverty lines. In this context, discuss the need for a national poverty indicator and its potential impact on policymaking. (15 M)15 marks
  13. Q13To achieve sustainable agricultural growth, the focus must be on enhancing the income of small and marginal farmers. Discuss the extent to which government policies have succeeded in this objective. (15M)15 marks
  14. Q14Analyse the potential impact of the fisheries, and seaweed aquaculture on the Indian economy. What factors contribute to its classification as a 'sunrise sector'? (15M)15 marks
  15. Q15Despite India's talent in science and technology, why does it lag in research and development compared to other emerging economies? Analyse the factors. Also, examine how the Anusandhan National Research Foundation Act, 2023, aims to address them. (15M)15 marks
  16. Q16In the context of Artificial Intelligence (AI) development, how can India strike a balance between technological innovation and the need for inclusive growth that benefits marginalized communities? (10M)10 marks
  17. Q17The Economic Survey 2023-24 has highlighted the flaws in the current global approach to climate change mitigation. Explain their impact on developing countries like India. Also, suggest ways to balance development and climate action. (15M)15 marks
  18. Q18What are the major challenges to building disaster resilience in Indian cities? Enumerate the current initiatives and suggest improvements. (15M)15 marks
  19. Q19United Nations recently unveiled the "Global Principles for Information Integrity" for curbing the spread of online misinformation. Assess the impact of online misinformation on societal trust and Internal security. Also, discuss the challenges in addressing it. (15M)15 marks
  20. Q20Despite significant progress in combating Left Wing Extremism (LWE), challenges persist. Evaluate the effectiveness of the government's strategy in reducing Left Wing Extremism and its goal of eradicating LWE by 2026. (15M)15 marks

The answers

Question 1 · 10 marks · 233 words written

Analyse how fintech can enhance financial inclusion and reduce gender gaps in India. Also, identify key challenges that need to be addressed. (10M)

Opening

Fintech sector has been a revolution for India's digital India programme; its impact has been a case-study for many EU nations & the US aswell.

Body · points

Fintech: Enhance financial Inclusion

  1. Last Mile Connectivity → 34 lac crore invested through Direct Benefit transfer over last 5 years through fintech.

  2. Accessibility → with more than 50 crore Jan-Dhan accounts opened in last 10 years, fintech has enhanced accessibility of government schemes.

  3. Formalisation of economy → fintech enabled insurance, credit cards have improved formalisation of economy.

  4. Enhanced social security → through fintech enabled loans.

Fintech: Reduce Gender Gaps

  1. Through empowerment → females are the primary recipient of

DBT through fintech 2) Awareness ↳ fintech enabled 55% of PMJDY accounts opening by woman.

  1. Empowerment Access to credit for self employment ↳ Majority of MUDRA loans have been disbursed by fintech ↳ Enabled SHGs like Kudumbashree

Key challenges to be addressed

  1. Digital divide ↳ 24% of rural households have access to internet → Gender divide :- 10% less internet accessibility to woman (Gender Gap report)
  2. Phishing scandals ↳ from Jamtara scams to daily attacks on hard-earned wealth by scammers.
  3. Data Privacy ↳ 800 million data of Aadhar leaked.
  4. Capability building & digital training lag

Close · a way forward

↳ 34% digital literacy. (IAFMA 9)

India's PMGDISHA initiative along with vigil cyber security is needed for internalising & strengthening fintech sector.