AIR 4 · CSE 2025 · GS3 · 54 pages

Raghav Jhunjhunwala: GS3 answer copy

20 answers by Raghav Jhunjhunwala, as written in the test. Each question opens a page with how other toppers answered it.

The questions

  1. Q1Investment in infrastructure is a precursor to social and economic transformation; however, the focus on economic gains must not marginalise the concerns for safety. Comment.10 marks
  2. Q2Do you think the low Female Labor Force Participation Rate presents a correct picture about the 'working women' in India's economy? Give reasons in support of your answer.10 marks
  3. Q3Outcome budget convert outlays into outcomes. Examine various advantages and disadvantages of outcome budgeting and assess its status in the country.10 marks
  4. Q4What do you understand by inclusive growth? Is economic growth sufficient to ensure inclusive growth?10 marks
  5. Q5Evaluate the Hybrid Annuity Model (HAM) in addressing the challenges of Public Private Partnership (PPP) in the country.10 marks
  6. Q6Analyse the role of fisheries in nutrition security, livelihood generation, and economic growth. What are the major challenges faced by the fisheries sector?10 marks
  7. Q7In what ways can precision agriculture become a panacea for multipronged challenges plaguing the agriculture sector? Discuss. Also, analyse various impediments in widespread adoption of precision farming in India.10 marks
  8. Q8Agriculture subsidy regime in its present form fuels economic inefficiency and creates ecological imbalance. In this perspective, examine various issues related to farm subsidies. Also, recommend measures to rationalise the same.10 marks
  9. Q9Despite their flaws in limiting access to larger market and poor price realization for agricultural produce, APMCs have their utility. Analyse the statement and suggest reforms in agriculture marketing in the country.10 marks
  10. Q10Cropping pattern in the country does not concur with the agro-climatic reality, leading to unintended and undesirable consequences. Comment.10 marks
  11. Q11Labour and export intensive industries are key to problems of jobless growth. In this perspective, analyse the opportunities and challenges associated with the textile sector.15 marks
  12. Q12What do you understand from Liberalisation, Privatisation and Globalisation (LPG)? Examine the effects of LPG reforms on different sectors of indian economy.15 marks
  13. Q13In the financial year 2021-22, Indian merchandise exports have crossed the 400 billion USD mark. Identify the reasons for this spectacular performance of Indian exports and suggest reforms to further boost the exports.15 marks
  14. Q14Examine the advantages of adopting new computation methodology for calculation of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in 2015. Also, discuss the limitations of using GDP as a measure of development of a country.15 marks
  15. Q15In an era of interconnected challenges, the emerging global polycrisis poses significant implications for India's macroeconomic stability. Examine and suggest measures to make the Indian economy more resilient to global shocks and challenges.15 marks
  16. Q16What are the reasons for increasing emphasis on the horticulture sector in recent years? Evaluate government measures for the development of the horticulture sector.15 marks
  17. Q17Despite the potential to check the triple whammy of nutritional deficiency, environmental degradation, and receding farm incomes, the adoption of Millets has been abysmally low. Analyse.15 marks
  18. Q18Reforms in Public distribution system (PDS) and Food Corporation of India (FCI) are two sides of the same coin. Discuss the statement along with suitable reforms in PDS and FCI.15 marks
  19. Q19Discuss the rationale behind declaring Minimum Support Price (MSP) and various issues related to MSP regime in the country. Do you think that providing legal backing to MSP is necessary and sufficient for making farming financially sustainable?15 marks
  20. Q20A link between unorganized farming community and formal industrial sector, FPI can play a key role in advancing the rural economy. Evaluate.15 marks

The answers

Question 1 · 10 marks · 158 words written

Investment in infrastructure is a precursor to social and economic transformation; however, the focus on economic gains must not marginalise the concerns for safety. Comment.

Opening · a figure

Infrastructure needs to be around $55Bn p.a. for the next 15 years as per World Bank estimates.

It adds to the productive capacity of the economy.

Body · points

  • Necessity for Economic t/f:

  1. Creates linkages between sectors

  2. Leads to higher GDP growth

    I↑ → Y↑ → C↑ → virtuous cycle

  3. Leads to Economies of scale

  4. Reduces time for transportation and logistics cost.

  • Precursor to Social t/f:
  1. Balanced Regional Development → Rural connectivity → Prevents stressed migration
  2. Opportunities to SHGs, MSMEs.

However, rising cases of safety lapses have arisen:

  1. Road: Highest accidents & Death in India

  2. Railways → Recent Balasore Event.

Reasons:

  1. knee jerk Repairs and not pre-emptive.

  2. lapses in PPP agreements.

  3. Less Allocation to maintenance than new projects.

Thus, various committees have recommended safety:

Anil J. committee →

  • Railway Bridges & underpasses
  • man-less crossings, etc.

Close · a summary

Thus, safe Infrastructure will only lead to Inclusive Infrastructure.