AIR 907 · CSE 2024 · OPTIONAL · 28 pages

Rachana Meena: OPTIONAL answer copy

10 answers by Rachana Meena, as written in the test.

The questions

  1. Q1(b)1(b)
  2. Q1(c)1(c)
  3. Q1(d)1(d)
  4. Q1(e)1(e)
  5. Q2(a)a) Cytogenetic methods
  6. Q2(b)Q2(b)
  7. Q2(c)Q2(c)
  8. Q4(a)Discuss the anthropometric somatotype method and its importance in physical anthropology.
  9. Q4(b)4(b)
  10. Q4(c)4(c)

The answers

Question 1(b) · 149 words written

1(b)

Opening

Isolation or reproductive isolation refers to physical or social barrier to breeding between two or more population. Speciation is the formation of new species.

Body

eciation]

Speciation is the formation of new species.

Mechanism of speciation

(1) Genetic drift

  1. This happens when a small part of larger population migrates to an abandoned place and breeds among self.
  2. Over long time, due to affects of natural selection on small mutations in this sub population, it can no longer mate with original population, hence formation of new species.

(2) Bottleneck effect

  1. When some natural calamity isolates a sub group of population
  2. Barriers to mating → mate among self
  3. Small mutations get accumulated and acted on by natural selection
  4. leads to formation of sub-specs or new specs.

(3) Founder's effect

Close

when barrier to mating because of migration and practice of endogamy.

Thus, isolation, along with effect of evolutionary forces lead to sub-speciation or speciation