AIR 31 · CSE 2022 · GS3 · 54 pages

Priyansha Garg: GS3 answer copy

18 answers by Priyansha Garg, as written in the test. Each question opens a page with how other toppers answered it.

The questions

  1. Q1"No major country has managed to reduce poverty or sustain economic growth without a robust manufacturing sector." In this context, discuss the need for a new industrial policy in India.10 marks
  2. Q2What is Land Degradation Neutrality? In what ways it can act as a centrepiece in achieving the goals of Sustainable Development Goal by India. Discuss.10 marks
  3. Q3"Quality of India's human capital is the major impediment in reaping the benefits of demographic dividend." Examine.10 marks
  4. Q4“Despite bringing in new crops, technologies and markets for farmers, contract farming excludes the smallholder farmers.” Analyse.10 marks
  5. Q5"Plant Variety Protection law regulating intellectual property rights in seeds is considered indispensable for seed sovereignty and thus food sovereignty." Examine.10 marks
  6. Q6What do you understand by Circular Economy? Describe the role of Circular Economy in increasing productivity and sustainability. Discuss the steps taken by India towards being a circular economy.10 marks
  7. Q7Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI) could fill a real gap at a time when climate change-induced floods, cyclones and fires have multiplied in destructive force. Analyse.10 marks
  8. Q8Discuss the contribution of Vikram Sarabhai in the advancement of space technology in India. Also, enumerate challenges faced by Indian Space Research Organisation in the commercialisation of its Space programme.10 marks
  9. Q9What is a cyborg? Enumerate different application of cyborg in humans. Also, discuss various concerns arising out of it.10 marks
  10. Q10What are the different challenges arising out of social media? Also, suggest additional measures to tackle the menace of social media.10 marks
  11. Q11What is gene-editing technology? Also, enumerate the ethical and biological concerns associated with the gene editing in humans.15 marks
  12. Q12“Investment, especially private investment, is the “key driver” that drives demand, creates capacity, increases labour productivity, introduces new technology, allows creative destruction, and generates jobs.” Examine. Also, bring out the factors inhibiting the flow of private investment in India in recent past and suggest measures to address them.15 marks
  13. Q13Discuss the significance and salient features of FAME II (Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Hybrid Electric Vehicles) Scheme. Also, evaluate the impact of the FAME II scheme on the promotion of electric vehicles in India.15 marks
  14. Q15What do you mean by Environmental Impact Assessment? Discuss the major reasons that have limited the success of EIA. Suggest measures that can be taken to make EIA an effective tool.15 marks
  15. Q17"Despite India's outstanding growth in the last two decades, low pay and wage inequality remain serious obstacles towards achieving inclusive growth." Comment. Also, suggest the way forward for rationalising and streamlining the policy for minimum wages.15 marks
  16. Q18The space war would destroy the intrinsic trust and cooperation necessary to maintain the systems deployed in space for peaceful purposes. Examine. Also, discuss the concerns related to space debris with respect to India's mission Shakti.15 marks
  17. Q19Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) is the stepping stone for tri-services integration in India. In this context, discuss the significance of CDS and outlines the challenges faced in its appointment. Also, discuss further reforms required to make Indian military a modern force.15 marks
  18. Q20In an era when cybersecurity is increasingly becoming a grave threat to nations, ‘Digital India’ cannot sustain without a ‘Digitally Secure India.’ Discuss. Also, critically evaluate the interventions by the Government of India in creating a digitally secure India.15 marks

The answers

Question 1 · 10 marks · 152 words written

"No major country has managed to reduce poverty or sustain economic growth without a robust manufacturing sector." In this context, discuss the need for a new industrial policy in India.

Opening · a figure

India aims to revitalise its manufacturing sector to make it $1 trillion by 2025.

Importance of manufacturing sector

Body · points

  1. Production based economy is important to reduce poverty.
  2. Important to not fall in middle income trap.
  3. Create demand and increasing purchasing power simultaneously.
  4. Create self reliance and reduce dependence on imports.
  5. Boost large scale employment.

Need for new Industrial Policy

  1. Stagnant contribution of manufacturing at ~25% of GDP.
  2. Address perverse incentive of MSME to stay small.
  3. Ensure job oriented growth and reduce disguised unemployment of agriculture.
  4. Improve exports and hence reduce CAD (which is at 2.4%).
  5. Develop a virtuous cycle of growth and employment by nudging manufacturing sector to perform better.
  6. Reduce dependence on agriculture (49% of labour force) and sustain service sector.
  7. Develop electronics market in India.

Close · a summary

Hence a New Industrial Policy is need of the hour to boost manufacturing sector.