AIR 329 · CSE 2024 · ANT2 · 84 pages

Pankaj Patle: ANT2 answer copy

28 answers by Pankaj Patle, as written in the test.

The questions

  1. Q1(a)Bases of tribal religion10 marks
  2. Q1(b)Shifting agriculture among Indian Tribes10 marks
  3. Q1(c)Concept of Ethnic boundaries10 marks
  4. Q1(d)Scheduled Area10 marks
  5. Q1(e)Ethnoarchaeology as a research strategy10 marks
  6. Q2(a)What are the major socio-economic problems faced by the SCs? Point out the criteria for diagnosis and suggest the remedial Measures.20 marks
  7. Q2(b)Critically examine the concept of communalism and its relevance for multi-religious and multi- ethnic country like India.15 marks
  8. Q2(c)Discuss the Significance of cultural and administrative factors in tribal development.15 marks
  9. Q3(a)Critically assess the existing constitutional safeguards, the plans and policies for tribal welfare.20 marks
  10. Q3(b)“Tribals in India had never been isolated communities” Comment15 marks
  11. Q3(c)Anthropological inquiry presents a holistic picture of complex realities about simple societies. Do you think this knowledge generated through anthropological inquiry can be useful for their welfare? Justify with examples.15 marks
  12. Q4(a)Discuss the rise of ethno-nationalism among Indian communities with specific examples.20 marks
  13. Q4(b)Due to modernisation, urban industrialisation the extended kinship bonds had broken down and nuclear family had emerged as main alternative." Discuss various consequences of this change in context of Indian tribes.15 marks
  14. Q4(c)Critically examine the role of NGOs in promoting health & Education in tribal areas.15 marks
  15. Q5(a)Involvement of local communities in Forest Management10 marks
  16. Q5(b)Tribe as a colonial construct10 marks
  17. Q5(c)Sustainable Development of Tribes10 marks
  18. Q5(d)Q.5 (d) Pseudo tribalism10 marks
  19. Q5(e)Christoph von Fürer-Haimendorf10 marks
  20. Q6(a)With suitable examples, describe the impact of displacement on the health and nutritional status of the tribal communities.20 marks
  21. Q6(b)Forces of change both indigenous and exogenous, has serious implications on the lifestyle and culture of tribal communities. Elaborate with suitable examples from Indian tribes.15 marks
  22. Q6(c)Critically examine various changes in tribal governance during pre and post independent India. What is more needed for their holistic development? Suggest.15 marks
  23. Q7(a)Critically assess the role of anthropology in rural development.20 marks
  24. Q7(b)"Decentralised and self-governance is essence of democracy." In light of this statement discuss the salient features of PESA Act of 1996 and its role in promotion of self-governance.15 marks
  25. Q7(c)Classify the tribal movements in contemporary India in a regional perspective and analyse the contributing factors.15 marks
  26. Q8(a)Critically examine the various structural constraints in the development of education among Scheduled Tribes.20 marks
  27. Q8(b)Discuss the concept of "indigenous people" in context of Indian tribes.15 marks
  28. Q8(c)GS Ghurye described Indian tribes as backward Hindus. Discuss the impact of Hinduism on tribal populations of India.15 marks

The answers

Question 1(a) · 10 marks · 140 words written

Bases of tribal religion

Opening · a definition

Religion pertains to sacred things acording to Emile Durkhem. However tribal religion have huge diversity

Body · points

  1. Animism - E.B. Tylor Belief in spirits. Every living thing has soul. eg) Maler Gassaiya (L.P. Vidyarthi)
  2. Animatism Bonga of munda → supernatural power (R.R. Marett)
  3. Totemism Linkage and clan relationship with bird or animal eg) Tiger in Apatani → Exogamy → Taboo on eating → worship
  1. sacred grooves in spirit of forest eg) Devrai Warlis

  2. Natheism max muller eg) powers of sun, rain god

  3. Fetishism → with specific object eg) swords of Mundas

  4. Hinduism = 90% of tribals eg) Bhills

  5. Christian → in khasi, Mzo.

  6. Buddhism → Lepcha, Bhotiya

Relevance

  1. Encroached by external religion eg) Missinary activities
  2. Breaking of Nias complex development

Close · a way forward

We need to holistically understand tribal religion for culturally sensitive policies