AIR 329 · CSE 2024 · ANT1 · 84 pages

Pankaj Patle: ANT1 answer copy

28 answers by Pankaj Patle, as written in the test.

The questions

  1. Q1(a)Harold Conklin and Ethnoscience10 marks
  2. Q1(b)Weberian perspective of social stratification10 marks
  3. Q1(c)Q.1 (c) Applied Biological Anthropology10 marks
  4. Q1(d)Formalist and Substantivist debate10 marks
  5. Q1(e)Superorganic view of culture10 marks
  6. Q2(a)Do you agree with the view that family is a 'universal association'? Using suitable case examples, critically examine the above statement.20 marks
  7. Q2(b)How does Julian Steward's concept of cultural ecology enhance our understanding of human-environment interactions?15 marks
  8. Q2(c)Define the concept of Basic Personality Structure and discuss its relevance in contemporary anthropology.15 marks
  9. Q3(a)What are various theories explaining culture change? Discuss any one of them in detail.20 marks
  10. Q3(b)How does Claude Lévi-Strauss argue that myths and totemic systems bridge the gap between nature and culture? Illustrate with suitable examples.15 marks
  11. Q3(c)Critically examine the contribution of anthropologists in the interpretation of Symbols.15 marks
  12. Q4(a)How do you relate the concepts of 'Sacred' and 'Profane' in Durkheim's theory of Religion with a focus on the role of Totem?20 marks
  13. Q4(b)How does Marvin Harris explain food taboos and preferences across different cultures.15 marks
  14. Q4(c)Describe the structural features of social life as suggested by Radcliffe Brown in his theory of social structure.15 marks
  15. Q5(a)Linguistic Relativity as a research tool10 marks
  16. Q5(b)Michel Foucault and the concept of Biopower10 marks
  17. Q5(c)Pierre Bourdieu and Cultural Capital10 marks
  18. Q5(d)Language and ideology10 marks
  19. Q5(e)Anthropology grew out of the intersection of European discovery, colonialism, and natural science. Elaborate.10 marks
  20. Q6(a)How do anthropologists understand the incest taboo, and to what extent is it considered a universal phenomenon?20 marks
  21. Q6(b)How did Malinowski's study of the Trobriand Islanders refute Freud's concept of the Oedipus complex?15 marks
  22. Q6(c)How did American diffusionists utilize the concept of "culture area" to explain cultural change, and what are the main critiques of their approach?15 marks
  23. Q7(a)Explain with examples, how ecology, economy and various social institutions are embedded into one another.20 marks
  24. Q7(b)What is netnography? Discuss its scope and relevance in the contemporary digital ecosystem. Law and Justice in simple societies:-15 marks
  25. Q7(c)Discuss the nature of Law and Justice in simple societies citing suitable examples.15 marks
  26. Q8(a)How do Descent and Alliance theories differ in their approach to understanding kinship systems in anthropology?20 marks
  27. Q8(b)How do development anthropology and the anthropology of development differ in terms of their focus and approach.15 marks
  28. Q8(c)Discuss the contribution of Franz Boas and his followers on nature-nurture debate.15 marks

The answers

Question 1(a) · 10 marks · 146 words written

Harold Conklin and Ethnoscience

Opening

Harold Conklin seminal figure in Cognitive anthropology studied Hanuno society and focused on their ethnoscience.

Body · points

Ethnoscience culture specific approach to devise methodologies for utility and adaptation.

Features

  1. Ethnobotanical knowledge ↳ Hanuno tribals classification of plants based on medicinal properties used in fever, ache, menstrual.

  2. Agricultural modification ↳ shifting cultivation and ecosensitive foraging with sustainability.

  3. Domestication of animals and used for protection.

  4. perception of colour terms like Ma birn (darkness) Ma lagti (light) ↳ shows intricate knowledge and color classification.

  1. Adaptation and culture modification for survival.
  2. shows scheme and Mental categories.

Relevance

  1. Integrated Medical anthropology with combined traditional and modern.
  2. Preservation of Traditional knowledge ↳ Jamnagar centre (WHO) for indigenous medicine.
  3. Utilising ethnoscience for tribal development with relativism.

Close · a summary

Thus Harold Conklin with cognitive approach showed how every culture percieve, interpret, utilise its surrounding to give rise to ethnoscience.