AIR 517 · CSE 2025 · Sociology II · 82 pages

Nikhil Kashiba Tambe: Sociology II answer copy

26 answers by Nikhil Kashiba Tambe, as written in the test. Each question opens a page with how other toppers answered it.

The questions

  1. Q1(a)Discuss how contemporary farmers' movements reflect or diverge from traditional peasant struggles in India.10 marks
  2. Q1(b)What challenges does the concept of secularism face in the context of India's diverse religious landscape?10 marks
  3. Q1(c)Does the concept of the 'creamy layer' undermine the principles of social justice and equity? Throw light on implications of recent Supreme Court judgment. 1.(c) Critically examine the shift from welfare to rights-based approach in rural development programs.10 marks
  4. Q1(d)How has the New Education Policy 2020 attempted to address traditional challenges while preparing for future needs?10 marks
  5. Q2(a)While the demographic dividend is seen as a driver of economic growth, the growing elderly population in India poses potential challenges that could undermine these efforts. Do you agree with this view?20 marks
  6. Q2(b)Analyze the disparities in educational attainment across different social groups in India. What measures can bridge these gaps?20 marks
  7. Q2(c)How do poverty and economic inequalities persist in India despite various poverty alleviation schemes?10 marks
  8. Q3(a)How have the principles of a mixed economy influenced social stratification in India, particularly in terms of access to resources and opportunities?20 marks
  9. Q3(b)Critically assess whether rural development programs like MGNREGA have significantly altered traditional power structures in rural India.20 marks
  10. Q3(c)Discuss how the growth of the informal sector in urban India challenges or complements traditional labor movements.10 marks
  11. Q4(a)"Green Revolution solved one problem but created many others". Evaluate this statement in light of contemporary agrarian crisis.20 marks
  12. Q4(b)Analyze the changing nature of rural-urban migration in India with reference to recent reverse migration trends.20 marks
  13. Q4(c)"Social media has fundamentally altered the nature of political mobilization in India." Discuss.10 marks
  14. Q5(a)"Decentralization in India has led to democratization but not necessarily development." Critically analyze.10 marks
  15. Q5(b)"In the post-independence India, the social and political elites have become distinct identities". Critically examine.10 marks
  16. Q5(c)How do regional variations in population distribution affect resource allocation and development in India? "Platform economy has provided a mode of empowerment to the women working in the informal sector". Critically examine.10 marks
  17. Q5(d)Do traditional structures of caste and kinship play a functional role in urban settlements? Elaborate.10 marks
  18. Q6(a)"Dhanagare categorized agrarian movements into various modes of protest, such as petitions, demonstrations, and armed struggles." Discuss.20 marks
  19. Q6(b)How are the ideas of citizenship and nationalism connected? Discuss the issues posed by the refugee crises in Eastern India.20 marks
  20. Q6(c)Analyze the relationship between ethnicity and identity-based movements in India.10 marks
  21. Q7(a)Examine the tension between national integration and the assertion of regional identities in India's democratic process.20 marks
  22. Q7(b)What have been the social and policy outcomes of environmental movements in India, considering both successes and limitations?20 marks
  23. Q7(c)"Farm laws and their subsequent withdrawal reflect the complex relationship between agriculture and politics." Comment10 marks
  24. Q8(a)Investigate the relationship between child labor in urban India and the broader socio-economic conditions of families.20 marks
  25. Q8(b)What is the phenomenon of 'youth bulge' in India? How does it affect social stability, employment, and political dynamics?20 marks
  26. Q8(c)Discuss the various forms of violence against women in India and the societal response to these issues.10 marks

The answers

Question 1(a) · 10 marks · 193 words written

Discuss how contemporary farmers' movements reflect or diverge from traditional peasant struggles in India.

Opening

As per Ghanshyam Shah, contemporary farmer movements emerged in 1970s while peasant struggles are result of colonial feudalism.

Body · points

Differences

  1. Ghanshyam Shah views farmers movements as post-Green Revolution while peasant struggle as pre green revolution ones.

  2. Gail Omvedt considers farmers' movement as 'new social movements' as 'badge' is the organisation and membership.

  3. Dhanagare sees farmers movements as non-violent and Gandhian in nature while peasant struggles were violent. eg: Neil Rako etc.

  4. Issues: Peasant struggles dealt with issues like land to the tiller, tenancy, eviction, land revenue while new farmer movements concern itself with lowering input costs and increasing market prices.

(5) The contemporary farmer movements are pan-Indian in nature while peasant struggles were localized. eg. BKU vs. Tebhaga Movt.

Similarities (Vibha Arora)

(1) 'Land' as centre issue of both movements.

(2) Nexus with political parties eg: CPI supported Telangana and Tebhaga Movt; Sharad Joshi founded his own party - Swatantra Bharat Party.

(3) Both movements have same ideology of agrarian populism

(4) Both movements supported cause of women, environment etc.

Close · a summary

eg: Shetkari Sangathana and Telangana Movt addressed women's issues

Thus, political policies shape the dynamics of farmers movements and struggles.