AIR 192 · CSE 2023 · GS3 · 62 pages

Mohit Gupta: GS3 answer copy

20 answers by Mohit Gupta, as written in the test. Each question opens a page with how other toppers answered it.

The questions

  1. Q1The recent push towards gender budgeting in the Government Budget reflects its importance for women empowerment. What are the recent initiatives towards gender budgeting in India and their importance?10 marks
  2. Q2Port-led development is seen as a key driver of economic growth and regional integration in India. Discuss how the Sagarmala initiative can promote port-led growth and the coastal economy.10 marks
  3. Q3Even after a decade of Make in India, India’s manufacturing sector has remained a weak spot in its growth story. How can India fundamentally reset its manufacturing sector to utilise its potential in GDP growth and job creation?10 marks
  4. Q4Indian startups, despite showing great potential, have not scaled up on innovation. Discuss. Suggest measures for Indian startups to go up the value chain.10 marks
  5. Q5Discuss the importance of livestock farming in a non-farm economy. What is the need for the recently proposed livestock census in promoting animal husbandry?10 marks
  6. Q6How can minimum support prices help in promoting farmers' income? What are the challenges faced by farmers in accessing the benefits of minimum support prices?10 marks
  7. Q7Despite a robust Public Distribution System (PDS), food security remains a challenge to the Indian population. What are deficiencies in the current PDS system? Suggest reforms to improve the system.10 marks
  8. Q8Discuss the key components of the recently launched Digital Agriculture Mission. How will this mission help in improving farmers' welfare?10 marks
  9. Q9Examine the environmental impacts of oil spills on marine and coastal ecosystems. What are the various methods used for cleaning-up of oil spills?10 marks
  10. Q10Discuss how the Biodiversity Act, 2002 and recently notified Biological Diversity (Access and Benefit Sharing) Regulation, 2025 promote access and benefit sharing while ensuring growth of traditional industries.10 marks
  11. Q11Despite India's push for a robust digital economy, India faces challenges with regard to digital inclusion. Discuss. Suggest measures to ensure equitable access to digital resources.15 marks
  12. Q12As artificial intelligence penetrates into various sectors of the economy, job losses are becoming a reality. Analysing the impacts of AI on employment, suggest measures to navigate this challenge and promote job growth.15 marks
  13. Q13"Infrastructure development is a key driver of accelerated and inclusive economic growth". Highlighting the importance of infrastructure investment in achieving long-term growth, discuss India's success and failures in stimulating infrastructure-led growth in the economy.15 marks
  14. Q14What are the responsibilities of the Monetary Policy Committee (MPC)? How effective has the RBI's monetary policy initiatives been to broaden economic recovery whilst maintaining a sustainable inflation rate?15 marks
  15. Q15India's post-harvest losses amount to approximately ₹1,52,790 crore annually. To what extent can post-harvest losses in India be attributed to the constraints in the transport and marketing of agricultural products?15 marks
  16. Q16What are the direct and indirect subsidies in Indian agriculture? How have these subsidies impacted the cropping diversity and farm economy of the country?15 marks
  17. Q17What are the opportunities and challenges of the food processing industry in India? Why has the overall private investment remained low in the industry despite immense potential? Suggest measures.15 marks
  18. Q18Micro-irrigation systems can revolutionize Indian agriculture, but adoption remains limited. In this context, discuss how micro-irrigation can help in sustainable water management. What are the barriers to its widespread adoption? Suggest measures to overcome them.15 marks
  19. Q19What were the various market mechanisms under the Kyoto Protocol? What is Article 6 of the Paris Climate Change Agreement? Explain the significance of the global carbon market in achieving net-zero targets.15 marks
  20. Q20Wetlands play a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance, yet they face several anthropogenic and climate-related threats. Discuss. What steps have been undertaken by the Government of India to conserve and promote wetlands?15 marks

The answers

Question 1 · 10 marks · 173 words written

The recent push towards gender budgeting in the Government Budget reflects its importance for women empowerment. What are the recent initiatives towards gender budgeting in India and their importance?

Opening · a definition

Ans) Gender Budgeting was first introduced in 2005-06 & reflects budget allocation particularly for women empowerment under various schemes.

Body · points and prose

Diagram
- Gender Budgeting for women Empowerment - Focused Allocation → Ex: ICDS, Matritva Suraksha Yojana - Reflects policy orientation - Empowerment of marginalized women → Ex: SABLA funds

Recent initiatives for Gender Budgeting

(1) Shift towards threefold classification:

  • Part A → 100% funds for women → Ex: Nirbhaya Funds
  • Part B → 30-99% funds → Ex: Standup India
  • Part C → <30% of funds → Ex: Infrastructure funds

(2) 5x increase from 2013-14

Ex) 2013-14 → 0.98lcr ; 2025-26 : 4.57lcr

(3) 37% Year on Year increase in budget.

(4) Ministry wise allocation & preparation of Gender Budget

(5) Emphasis to move Part-C schemes to Part-B → Focussed allocation.

(6) Outcome Gender Budgeting to reflect gains & shortcomings in Gender Budget

Importance of Gender Budgeting

(1) Women Capability Approach

→ Education Ex) Beti Bachao Beti Padhao

→ Employment Ex) STEP scheme

→ Entrepreneurship Ex) SHG loans

→ Safety & Security Ex) Mission Shakti

(2) Shift from beneficiary model to Women Led Development.

Close

Ex) IMF Chief Christine Lagard argued, "Just by ensuring women empowerment, India's GDP can grow by 27%".