AIR 16 · CSE 2024 · GS3 · 52 pages

Madhav Agarwal: GS3 answer copy

6 answers by Madhav Agarwal, as written in the test. Each question opens a page with how other toppers answered it.

The questions

  1. Q3Discuss the concept of reintroduction of major fauna with special reference to Project Cheetah. Also, evaluate the importance of Precision Agriculture in Indian context and its challenges.
  2. Q55, 6, 7, 8, 9
  3. Q10Q.10
  4. Q1515, 16, 17: (The images contain answers to three different questions: Q15, Q16, and Q17)
  5. Q18[The question prompt is not explicitly written in the provided pages, but the content discusses Generative AI, ethnic conflicts in North East India, and terrorism/militancy in Jammu and Kashmir.]
  6. QExamine the role of capital expenditure in India's socio-economic development while highlighting the need to balance it with safety and environmental considerations.

The answers

Question 3 · 286 words written

Discuss the concept of reintroduction of major fauna with special reference to Project Cheetah. Also, evaluate the importance of Precision Agriculture in Indian context and its challenges.

Opening · a definition

None written.

Body · points and prose

Project Cheetah

Project Cheetah is an Indian government's initiative to boost and reintroduce extinct cheetah to grassland habitats.

Around 20 Cheetah have been brought to Kuno National Park from Namibia & South Africa.

Marks a departure:

(1) India has been generally averse to inter-continental movement of species.

(2) Focus has been to conserve the Critically endangered species such as GIBI bird, Gharials in an 'IN-SITU' format.

(3) Focus has been on inter-state translocation instead (eg) Gir lions translocation to MP.

Reintroduction of Major Fauna

Diagram
- Flowchart depicting arguments in favour and against reintroduction: - Favour: - (i) New meta population is generated in new areas. - (ii) Act as an umbrella apex species - conserving others along. eg: grassland ecosystems. - (iii) Global success: Namibia itself relocated cheetahs and now it is under strong position to translocate to other countries. - Against: - (i) May lead to man-animal or other specie conflicts. - (ii) Large scale displacement of tribals and other people in nearby areas. - (iii) Chances of success remain low - due to interplay of multiple factors (eg: death of cheetah due to collar infection.

The process needs to be scientific and well framed to get best results. Recently even, Gharials planned to be sent to USA shows change of mindset.

Precision Agriculture is a method of agriculture that is driven by scientific and data driven principles to develop crops and allied activities.

Multi pronged challenges → Precision Agriculture's Panacea.

(i) Overuse of Nitrogen / Urea in NPK → Soil analysis based use of nutrients.

(ii) Overirrigation of fields leading to poor soil → Irrigation post analysis of soil moisture level.

(iii) Crop failures due to climate → Climate Modelling to be used to generate right crop choice.

(iv) Poor value addition → Boost the quality by right sowing time and harvest.

Impediments to widespread adoption

(i) Diversity of geographic terrain call for diverse solutions.

(ii) Technologically the farmers may not possess adequate skills.

(iii) Need infrastructure at decentralised level (eg) Soil Analysis labs.

(iv) 86% farmers have land size less than 2 hectares → making adoption costly.

(v) Inefficient pro-farmer policies driven by electoral gains (eg: rise in MSP may deviate focus).

Close · a way forward

Precision farming must be promoted through Krishi Vikas Kendras & R&D in Agriculture universities as suggested by ASHOK GULATI.