AIR 99 · CSE 2025 · Sociology I · 30 pages

Devyanshi Verma: Sociology I answer copy

10 answers by Devyanshi Verma, as written in the test. Each question opens a page with how other toppers answered it.

The questions

  1. Q1Discuss how technology has accelerated both the process of development and dependency.10 marks
  2. Q2How do rules of descent and alliance in kinship differ from each other? Illustrate.10 marks
  3. Q3Do all global religions exhibit patriarchal characteristics? Provide illustrative examples to support your argument.10 marks
  4. Q4Discuss major sociological imperatives on Education as an ideological state apparatus.10 marks
  5. Q5How have women's protest movements evolved over time, and what role have they played in challenging gender inequality and advocating for women's rights?20 marks
  6. Q6Contemporary social movements are often short lived, in this context briefly discuss the changing nature of social movements.20 marks
  7. Q7Define the concept of 'foster families' How is it different from adoption? Has India truly accepted the concept?20 marks
  8. Q8How does the rise of EdTech reflect the idea of 'Deschooling Society'? Discuss with reference to digital divide and commodification of education in India.20 marks
  9. Q9Religious revivalism poses a challenge to the secular foundations of modern nation-states. Comment with suitable contemporary examples.10 marks
  10. Q10What are some sociological perspectives that advocate for broader public participation in scientific and technological processes as a means to achieve equitable development.20 marks

The answers

Question 1 · 10 marks · 238 words written

Discuss how technology has accelerated both the process of development and dependency.

Opening

Technology plays a crucial role in innovations and discoveries that lead to development. However, at the same time, dependence upon dominant nations like China for semiconductors, can reinforce imbalanced power relations.

[Technology and development]

Body · points and prose

• Economic growth As per Joseph Schumpeter, technology drives economic growth through development of new industries and new markets for technologically advanced nations. For ex - Rise of digital marketplace models like Uber, urbanclap, etc.

• Global supply chains (GSCs) - Technology enabled integration within GSCs through e-commerce and logistics has enabled "Asian tigers" to fuel their growth.

• Bridging infrastructural gaps

Close · a way forward

As per, Amartya Sen, technology helps in bridging gaps leading to inclusive growth specially among the marginalised sections.

For ex - JAM trinity in India to promote financial inclusion or Mobile Banking in Kenya.

[Technology and dependency]

↳ As per A.G Frank, the import of technology from developed nations, furthers the relations of dependency for cutting-edge technologies like AI, Internet of things, etc. Ex - US-China war for supremacy of technological development through AI, renewable energy equipments, etc.

↳ Technology transfer reinforces the core-periphery relations as per Immanuel Wallerstein. Further, it lead to increasing vulnerability of developing nations to cyberattacks and raises security concerns.

Hence, at one hand, technology has the potential for inclusive growth and soft-power influence like cultural export by Korea. At the same time, it shall be used in a balanced way to avoid "technological hegemony" of dominant nations.