AIR 36 · CSE 2025 · GS2 · 53 pages

Deepali Mahto: GS2 answer copy

5 answers by Deepali Mahto, as written in the test. Each question opens a page with how other toppers answered it.

The questions

  1. Q3Judiciary acts as the supreme body that upholds the constitution and safeguards public rights of freedom of religion. Supreme court and various high courts have upheld the freedom of religion and navigate tension. Explain with examples.
  2. Q55.
  3. Q6What do you understand by the role of civil society organisations? Discuss their contribution and challenges in the Indian context. [10 marks] 7) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel described civil servants as the 'steel frame of India'. In the context of the rapidly changing nature of governance, discuss the importance of lifelong learning for civil servants.
  4. Q88)
  5. QRule of Law and Judicial Review form the backbone of Indian Democracy. Discuss. Q2. The 69th Constitutional Amendment Act provided for the administration of National Capital Territory of Delhi. Discuss the nature of the power tussle between the Lieutenant Governor and the elected government of Delhi.

The answers

Question 3 · 373 words written

Judiciary acts as the supreme body that upholds the constitution and safeguards public rights of freedom of religion. Supreme court and various high courts have upheld the freedom of religion and navigate tension. Explain with examples.

Opening · a restatement

Judiciary acts as the suprem body that upholds the constitution and safeguard public right of freedom of religion.

Supreme court and various high court have upheld the freedom of religion and navigate tension.

Body · points and prose

c) promoting equality in Sabrimala case the SC upheld that right to equality [Art 14] is superior than Art 21

d) promoted inclusivity and welfare of vulnerable group.

e) Shah Bano case the SC upheld that right and dignity of women against talaq.

iii) used doctrine of essentiality

to judge between conflicting law [Shirur Mutt Case]

a) upheld wearing of [turban]

by sikh as it comes under essential practice.

b) banning of [Hijab] upheld as it does not form the essential condition in Muslim law.

c) upheld the [greater good]

e) in convent school to maintain public order and right of minority institution - banned Hijab → for [uniform]

iv) [has struck down discriminatory practice]

e) triple talaq, sati, [challenging] overreaching to religion rights (id no codification of laws.

Judiciary time and again has upheld the balance between Constitution morality & Right of Religion

Montesque envisioned the separation of power between the 3 organ of governace ie Judiciary, Executive and Legislation.

Indian SystemAmerican System
FEDERALISM
(1) does not follow water tight separation of power betwe state - centre (Quasi-Federal)(1) Follow strict separation of power
→ true federalism
Judiciary
Indian judiciary is integrated.US Judiciary is seperated at centre and state
Executive
(6) the executive are under the check and balance of legislat.President is no-answerable to the parliament

India is a union of destructible state

USA- union of indestructible st.

Judiciary- can under judicial rev. check any legislat. but not in military action

Judiciary is indepent body that can check:

  • legislat.
  • military
  • criminal
  • Amendme

Advantage of check and Balance

i) maintain harmony between the 3 organ.

ii) Judicial review [Article 13]

uphold the constitution [Article 40]

separation between Judiciary and executiv

iii) the rights of the citizen is safeguarded.

Close · a summary

[44th AA - Article 21, 22]

Here check and Balance help in promotion of vibrant democracy and prevent concentration of power in one place