AIR 16 · CSE 2020 · GS4 · 58 pages

Arth Jain: GS4 answer copy

17 answers by Arth Jain, as written in the test. Each question opens a page with how other toppers answered it.

The questions

  1. Q1(a)Bring out Gandhiji's philosophy of Means and Ends.10 marks
  2. Q1(b)Probity is an essential condition of good governance. Explain.10 marks
  3. Q2(a)What do you understand by ethical dilemma? Bring out some examples of ethical dilemma often faced by civil servants.10 marks
  4. Q2(b)Why are certain rights considered universal in nature? Explain using examples.10 marks
  5. Q3Explain in brief, what you understand by the following:20 marks
  6. Q4(a)What do you understand by the terms transparency and accountability in administration? Bring out the relationship between the two.10 marks
  7. Q4(b)Discuss whether some restrictions on enjoyment of freedom are necessary in the interest of social harmony.10 marks
  8. Q5Differentiate between the following: (b) Impartiality and Non partisanship20 marks
  9. Q6Analyse the role played by family and educational institutions in development of one's character.10 marks
  10. Q7What do you understand by utilitarianism? Illustrate with examples the grounds on which it has been criticized.10 marks
  11. Q8What do you understand by the term 'conflict of interest'? How can conflict of interest in public service be resolved?10 marks
  12. Q9Today, homosexuality and queer identities may be acceptable to more Indians than ever before, but within the boundaries of family, home and school, acceptance of their sexuality and freedom to openly express their gender choices still remain a constant struggle for LGBTQ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer) people. While LGBTQ voices heard through several online and real-world platforms form an important part of LGBTQ activism, these expose only a small part of the diverse challenges faced by the community. In light of this situation: (a) Explain the ways in which discrimination against LGBTQs creates problems for them in different aspects of life. (b) What attitudinal changes are necessary to adopt a more humane approach towards this group for their betterment and assimilation in the society?20 marks
  13. Q10In a metropolitan city a new metro rail project has been sanctioned. The project is expected to reduce traffic congestion, lower the pollution levels in the city and save significant amount of fossil fuel. However, the project requires construction of a car shed for the metro terminus station. The city is already very congested and not much land is available except a patch of green belt within the municipal area. Consequently, the municipal corporation’s Tree Authority approved a proposal to cut down about 2700 trees to make way for the metro car shed. The approval enraged environment action and citizens’ groups who have organized protest rallies demanding withdrawal of this order and conservation of the green belt. The print and electronic media also took up the cause. Given the situation, answer the following: (a) Identify the different stakeholders in the given case. Also, bring out the issues involved from the point of view of different stakeholders. (b) If you are the Municipal Commissioner, what course of action will you adopt keeping in mind the interests of different stakeholders?20 marks
  14. Q11The right to protest is an integral part of democracy. But protests often take a violent turn and lead to destruction of life and property. In such situations, it is the duty of the police force to deal with the violent protests and restore normalcy. In this context, answer the following questions: (a) What challenges does the police force face in such situations? (b) As the SP in the capital city of a state where such protests often take place, how would you deal with such a situation when faced with it?20 marks
  15. Q12The founding fathers of the Indian Constitution envisaged a neutral, apolitical civil service. The conduct rules governing the All-India Services explicitly prohibit participation of a member of service in politics. It also limits connection of officers with Press or Radio to matters of public interest. And it also prevents them from criticizing the Government in public. (a) Why is it important for civil servants to be politically neutral? (b) Highlight the challenges faced by politically neutral civil servants in different situations.20 marks
  16. Q13Recently, the Motor Vehicles Act was amended to hike the fines for violations of various traffic rules. While the intention of the amendments was to deter people from violating the law and strictly follow traffic rules in the interest of road safety, these measures are being opposed as it is felt that the fines are too excessive and beyond the reach of common man. (a) In light of this, critically analyse the ethical aspects of the recent amendments. (b) Are legislative measures alone sufficient in bringing about behavioural change?20 marks
  17. Q14Artificial intelligence is rapidly transforming economy and society and will almost certainly continue to do so in the coming decades. This transformation will have deep ethical impact, with these powerful new technologies both improving and disrupting human lives. In this context, identify the ethical considerations, if any, of the following issues associated with the use of AI:20 marks

The answers

Question 1(a) · 10 marks · 172 words written

Bring out Gandhiji's philosophy of Means and Ends.

Opening

Gandhiji believed that in achieving any goal, the means and ends go together and cannot be separated.

Ethical means → Ethical ends Ethical ends → Ethical means

Body · points and prose

Ethical means

Refer to an ethical approach towards a task i.e the method we adopt must be ethical.

Ethical ends

Refers to an ethical goal i.e one end goal must be moral and ethical itself.

Significance

  1. Combination of both consequentialism and deontological approach.
  2. An ethical means + ethical ends would ensure complete ethics.
  3. Unethical means used to achieve ethical ends may set a wrong precedent. eg: Encounter of most wanted criminals in a extra judicial manner.
  4. Unethical acts achieved via ethical means hold no significance as they cannot sustain long.

As Gandhiji remarked in his 7 deadly sins: "Politics without principle" or "Wealth without work" are examples that highlight the need to focus on both means and ends.

Conclusion

Close · a summary

Ethicality in completeness requires both means and ends to be ethical. Without one, the other loses its significance.