AIR 187 · CSE 2025 · GS3 · 52 pages

Abhigyan Khaund: GS3 answer copy

5 answers by Abhigyan Khaund, as written in the test. Each question opens a page with how other toppers answered it.

The questions

  1. Q5Active role in counter propaganda and counter narrative building in the LWE hit areas.
  2. Q7(Encryption/Lightning/Defence/Cyber-terrorism/Growth) [These appear to be distinct questions numbered 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 on the pages provided.]
  3. Q12UPSC Civil Services Main Exam 2024 Question Booklet
  4. Q18How does climate change pose a risk to India's economic future? What strategies should be adopted to navigate these challenges?
  5. QThis consists of multiple parts regarding economic and agricultural policies in India, including challenges faced by the Indian economy concerning youth and the aging workforce, fiscal policy measures in the 2024-25 Budget, land reform tenancy laws, the success and limitations of eNAM, MSP and its role in income security, and the applications and challenges of nanotechnology.

The answers

Question 5 · 296 words written

Active role in counter propaganda and counter narrative building in the LWE hit areas.

Opening

Sometimes they may be used by Extremists as decoy ∴ Both Hard Power + Soft Power is needed

Body · points and prose

sive capabilities

  • May not be 100% accurate
  • Lack of accountability

∴ Both Hard Power + Soft Power is needed

Strengthening grassroots initiatives

  1. Building social infrastructure Eg: hospital, schools

  2. Engaging police in community service (Eg: operation Sadhbhavna in J&K) → Build mutual trust .

  3. Training in covert operations

  4. Integrating technology. (Eg) Use of drones, thermal sensors, night vision goggles etc to augment HUMINT with TECHINT.

  5. Implement constitutional provisions (Eg) 5th schedule, PESA Act etc in letter and spirit.

In this regard, steps like SAMADHAN Doctrine is a step in the right direction to make 'Naxal Free' India.

The recent migrant crisis due to Bangladesh student takeover of democratic govt highlights the threat of internal security due to external factors.

External Political stability impacting India's internal security

  1. Migrant crisis
  • Minorities from Bangladesh, Afghanistan
  • Rohingyas from Myanmar
  1. Drug trafficking - through the Myanmar due to golden triangle and Western India due to golden crescent (Afghanistan).

diagram

  • Map of India showing neighbouring countries:
    • Labels: Afghanistan, Pak, Nepal, China, Bang, Myanmar
  • Fig-External unstability

  1. Illegal wildlife trade - from the forest of NE to SE Asia.

  2. NE militancy - Instability in Myanmar affecting Manipur situation through illegal arms smuggling.

  3. Radicalization - increased in Kashmir after Taliban takeover.

  4. Militancy - increased in recent months in Jammu due to economic crisis in Pakistan (Eg) attacks at Doda, Rajouri

  5. Territorial sovereignty - Dispute over Kalapani, Lipulekh due to Nepal's political politicization of issue.

  6. Urban Naxalism - gaining trends due to Hong Kong protest, attack of China on Taiwan.

diagram

  • Other than neighbouring countries
    • Khalistani issue - attack on a khalistani leader in Canada
    • flare up in India
    • suspicion of western power influence
      • Eg: Alleged US's role in Bangladesh crisis

Way forward

  1. Strengthening border surveillance Eg: through BOLD-QIT, CBMS etc
  2. Increase deployment of Border forces
  3. Sealing borders: Eg: FMR stopping is a good step.
  4. Building Border village and infrastructure

Close · a way forward

Eg: vibrant villages program.

Recommendations of Madhukar gupta committee may be looked to improve border security.