Malavika G NairAIR 45 · CSE 2024 · 191 wordsTheir whole copy
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G.E Howard stated that 'history is part sociology and sociology is present history'. A symbionic relation between the two is functional for both.
HISTORY AND SOCIOLOGY HAS NO FRUIT & ROOT.
(1) Use of historical methods by founding fathers of sociology: (1) Comte (2) Durkheim (3) Weber etc.
(2) Historical Materialism was used as the perspective by Marx to develop his theories.
(3) Overcome experimental limitation in sociology by using history → Spencers Evolutionary Model.
(4) Historical perspectives without sociological analysis is merely descriptive → Study of Polish Peasant by Znaniecki
(5) Historical perspectives use social concepts for analysis → Bandopadhyay, A.R Desai on Indian National Movement using marrist framework.
(6) History is ideographic while sociology is nomothetic according to Radcliffe Brown.
(7) Improve relevance of value neutrality and reliability and validity in historical research. Eg. Mill's colonial history led to communalism in British India. Use of Aryan theory by Nazi historians.
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History and sociology diverges in terms of approach: history is focused on documentation and description whereas sociology is more present oriented with focus on larger social systems. Historical sociological approaches like Romila Thapar etc can be an ideal balance.