Pakshal SecretryAIR 8 · CSE 2025 · 229 wordsTheir whole copy
Opening · a quotation
"Swadeshi Movement represents an inflection point in India's National movement where prayers and petition got changed into active mass mobilisation" — RC Majumdar
Body · points
- Swadeshi
- Began in 1905 (1)
- Against Partition of Bengal (2)
- Ended with Surat split (3)
- Lead by both extremists & moderates (4)
Significant shift of Swadeshi
(A) Strategies:
- Earlier:
- Prayer
- Petition
- Protest
- ] 3P without public support
Swadeshi
- Boycott of British goods eg salt of Liverpool & cloths
- Active mass mobilisation on the street.
- Development of Swadeshi Entrepreneur eg Swadeshi Steam Navigation Company (Tuticorin)
- Cultural Renaissance in movement eg Bharat Mata → Abindranath Tagore
- Defiance of orders of British government eg singing Vande Matram despite ban
(B) Social Impact
- Earlier → Narrow urban centric impact
Swadeshi
- National movement reached rural area for first time
- Participation of women for first time
- Developed pride in Indian culture eg Oriental Society of Arts
- De-Englishisation eg National College
- Development of Vernacular literature eg Desher katha in Marathi
- Broadening of social base of Indian National movement
(C) Limitation of Movement
- Non-participation of Muslims in the movement
- Communalisation of Indian National Movement eg Shivaji & Ganesh festival of Tilak
- Organisational weakness of congress
- Lead to "Surat split" and division among moderate & extremist
- Limited reform agenda and soon lost its fervor
Close · a vision
The ideas of Swadeshi are relevant till date from "Aatmanirbhar Bharat" campaign to "Make in India" it inspires us till now.