2026 GS Paper I, all questions

UPSC Prelims 2026 · GS Paper I

Question 96: Economy and Social Development

Which of the following statements about insurance in aviation sector is/are correct ?

  1. 1.‘Aviation Hull Insurance’ covers the physical aircraft, including the body, engine, and on-board equipment.
  2. 2.Under the Montreal Convention, adopted in 1999 by over 130 countries, including India, airlines are strictly liable to pay compensation to the family/nominee of every deceased passenger without requiring the family to prove fault.

Select the answer using the code given below :

a1 only
b2 only
cBoth 1 and 2
dNeither 1 nor 2

AnswerUPSC’s answer is (c).

Aviation hull insurance covers physical loss of or damage to the aircraft itself, including its body, engines and on-board equipment. The Montreal Convention of 1999, to which India is a party, makes the carrier strictly liable for death or injury of passengers up to a fixed limit in Special Drawing Rights, without the claimants having to prove fault. Both statements are accepted.

  • 1. Hull insurance covers the aircraft, its engines and on-board equipment.
  • 2. The Montreal Convention imposes strict liability, to a limit, without proof of fault.

How you could have got this

  1. If you were sure statement 1 is correct, (b) and (d) go: each of them leaves 1 out.

    What you needed to know: Hull insurance covers the aircraft, its engines and on-board equipment.

  2. Then, if you were sure statement 2 is correct, (a) goes: it leaves 2 out.

    What you needed to know: The Montreal Convention imposes strict liability, to a limit, without proof of fault.

Only (c) is left. This one needs every statement.

This follows UPSC’s provisional key; the final key could change it.

Which options go is worked out from UPSC’s key and the options, not by a model.

Why each option is right or wrong
  • (a) Incomplete: statement 2 is also correct.
  • (b) Incomplete: statement 1 is also correct.
  • (c) Right: both statements are correct.
  • (d) Wrong: both statements are correct.

Only the provisional key (27 May 2026) was found; the final key replaces it when found.

Answer: UPSC’s key. Explanation: written by UPSC Grade, not by UPSC.

Practise this paper timedPrevious questionNext question

Source: UPSC, Civil Services (Preliminary) Examination 2026, General Studies Paper I, Series A. The paper on upsc.gov.in.